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(b) Not to Cause Interest to Become Taxable. The City shall not use, permit the use of or <br />omit to use Gross Proceeds or any other amounts (or any property the acquisition, construction or <br />improvement of which is to be financed directly or indirectly with Gross Proceeds) in a manner <br />which, if made or omitted, respectively, would cause the interest on any Bonds to become <br />includable in the gross income, as defined in section 61 of the Code, of the owner thereof for <br />federal income tax purposes. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, unless and until <br />the City shall have received a written opinion of counsel nationally recognized in the field of <br />municipal bond law to the effect that failure to comply with such covenant will not adversely <br />affect the exemption from federal income tax of the interest on any Bond, the City shall comply <br />with each of the specific covenants in this Section. <br />(c) No Private Use or Private Payments. Except as permitted by section 141 of the Code and <br />the regulations and rulings thereunder, the City shall, at all times prior to the last stated maturity <br />of the Bonds, <br />(1) exclusively own, operate, and possess all property the acquisition, construction, or <br />improvement of which is to be financed or refinanced directly or indirectly with Gross Proceeds <br />of the Bonds (including property financed or refinanced with Gross Proceeds of the Refunded <br />Bonds) and not use or permit the use of such Gross Proceeds or any property acquired, <br />constructed, or improved with such Gross Proceeds in any activity carried on by any person or <br />entity other than a state or local government, unless such use is solely as a member of the general <br />public, or <br />(2) not directly or indirectly impose or accept any charge or other payment for use of Gross <br />Proceeds of the Bonds or any property the acquisition, construction or improvement of which is <br />to be financed or refinanced directly or indirectly with such Gross Proceeds (including property <br />financed or refinanced with Gross Proceeds of the Refunded Bonds) other than taxes of general <br />application and interest earned on investments acquired with such Gross Proceeds pending <br />application for their intended purposes. <br />(d) No Private Loan. Except to the extent permitted by section 141 of the Code and the <br />regulations and rulings thereunder, the City shall not use Gross Proceeds of the Bonds to make or <br />finance loans to any person or entity other than a state or local government. For purposes of the <br />foregoing covenant, Gross Proceeds are considered to be "loaned" to a person or entity if <br />(1) property acquired, constructed or improved with Gross Proceeds (including property financed <br />or refinanced with Gross Proceeds of the Refunded Bonds) is sold or leased to such person or <br />entity in a transaction which creates a debt for federal income tax purposes, (2) capacity in or <br />service from such property is committed to such person or entity under a take -or -pay, output, or <br />similar contract or arrangement, or (3) indirect benefits, or burdens and benefits of ownership, of <br />such Gross Proceeds or such property are otherwise transferred in a transaction which is the <br />economic equivalent of a loan. <br />(e) Not to Invest at Higher Yield. Except to the extent permitted by section 148 of the Code <br />and the regulations and rulings thereunder, the City shall not, at any time prior to the earlier of <br />the final stated maturity or final payment of the Bonds, directly or indirectly invest Gross <br />Proceeds of such Bonds in any Investment (or use such Gross Proceeds to replace money so <br />