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E. Difficult to prepare capital improvement programs that can be linked <br />to growth -staging of land uses. <br />F. Difficult to prepare long-range utility plans, since such utility plans <br />are best made in conjunction with existing land use and future land <br />use plans with associated densities and configurations. <br />Combination Physical Plan with Goals and Obiectives: <br />1. Characterized many plans from the mid- 1970's through the present; <br />2. Contains goals and policies plus a future land use plan, supportive reaps and <br />illustrations, and text describing past conditions with directions for future <br />actions or visions of the city; <br />3. Advantages: <br />A. Provides a technical and policy basis for land use decisions and <br />locations; <br />B. Provides depth to decisions regarding physical development of the <br />community; and, <br />C. Provides the opportunity for consistency of plan implementation <br />through several generations of planning staff, planning and zoning <br />commissions, and city councils. <br />D. Provides a more defensible basis for establishing zoning districts and <br />their supportive requirements. <br />d. Disadvantages: There appear to be few, if any, disadvantages to this type of <br />plan. Some criticisms have been that some social -oriented issues such as <br />education and certain welfare programs are not typically addressed. <br />However, this can be remedied if communities undertake these special <br />studies as components or special -function studies based on the <br />physical -orientation of the comprehensive plan. <br />Other Types of City Planning Programs - There are other kinds ofplanning programs and <br />theories. Examples include, but are not limited to: continuous city planning (M. Branch, 1960's), <br />delphi method (1970's); value constitutions (1970's); visioning (1980's); strategic planning (1970's <br />and into the present); and others. Broader discussion is beyond the scope of this chapter. This <br />