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TheBrookingsstudyconcludes,ͻLƷisdifficultforpublicpolicytocreatenewclusters <br />deliberately.Instead,policymakersandpractitionersshouldpromoteandmaintainthe <br />economicconditionsthatenablenewclusterstoemerge.Suchanenvironment,forexample, <br />mightsupportknowledgecreation,entrepreneurship,newfirmformation,andthe <br />availabilityofĭğƦźƷğƌ͵ͼ <br />Thereporthighlightstherolethepublicsectorcanplayinclusterdevelopmentby <br />microfoundation: <br />LaborMarketPooling:labormarketinformation,specializedtraining <br />SupplierSpecialization:brokering,recruiting,entrepreneurship,credit <br />Knowledgespillovers:networking,publicsectorresearchanddevelopmentsupport <br />Entrepreneurship:assistanceforstartups,spinoffs <br />xtend,refine,andrecombineexistingdistinctivespecializations <br />LockIn:worktoe <br />Culture:acknowledgeandsupportclusterorganization <br />LocalDemand:aggregateandstrengthenlocaldemand. <br />ApplicationofIndustryClusterAnalysistoLaPorte <br />Toassessthestrengthofaclusterinaregionaleconomy,thelocationfactorsarecalculated <br />bycomparingtheclǒƭƷĻƩ͸ƭshareoftotallocalemploymenttotheĭƌǒƭƷĻƩ͸ƭnationalshare. <br />Thisquotientwillyieldavaluegenerallybetween0.00and2.00,where1.00demonstratesan <br />equalsharepercentagebetweenthelocalandnationaleconomies.Clusterlocationfactors <br />greaterthan2.00indicateastrongclusteragglomeration,whilethoselessthan0.50indicate <br />extremelyweakclusters. <br />ThebiggestchallengeforperformingaclusteranalysisonLaPorteisdataavailability. <br />Clustersaretypicallydefinedusing6digitNAICS(abusinessclassificationsystem).Giventhe <br />employmentbasesizeofLaPorteandlinkagestoneighboringcities,detaileddataisnot <br />readilyavailablebecausegovernmentagenciesͻƭǒƦƦƩĻƭƭͼdatatoprotecttheconfidentiality <br />ofthebusinesses.Forexample,detailedemploymentandpayrolldataforthepetrochemical <br />sectorisnotreleasedforLaPortebecauseitmightrevealspecificinformationaboutlocal <br />firms.Therefore,TXPperformedaclusteranalysisusinglocationquotientsatthemajor <br />NAICSlevel. <br />15 <br />| <br />City of La Porte, Texas - Economic & Demographic Assessment January 2009 <br /> <br />