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<br />1 <br />primary mechanism for surface drainage. These primary drainage <br />Channels Types <br />channels consist of natural bayous, man-made, but natural-lookin <br /> <br />channels, and concrete channels. (see inset) <br /> <br />In 2007, the City participated in the Federal Emergency Manageme <br />Agency (FEMA) sponsored Tropical Storm Allison Recovery Program <br />(TSARP), which resulted in revised 100-year flood maps (also kno <br />FIRMs, i.e., flood insurance rate maps) that became effective on <br />2 <br />2007. In 2009, the City undertook a City-wide drainage study to ident <br />develop, and recommend improvements to address drainage problems <br />and lessen flooding and its impacts across the City. In addition <br /> <br />causes common to coastal areas (e.g., storm surge), the plan ide <br />Natural Bayou <br />3 <br />drainage and flooding problems. <br /> <br />They were: <br />1)Insufficient flow capacity in ditches and channels; <br />2)Ponding of waters in streets and adjacent properties; <br />3)Undersized storm sewers; <br />4)Temporary blockage of storm water inlets by debris; <br />5)Backup of storm waters in sewers; and <br /> <br />Natural Channel <br />6)Lack of overland or sheet flow paths. <br /> <br />As part of that study, the City requested that past repetitive l <br />studied to determine the level of severity of drainage and flood <br />problems so that the City could identify priority projects on a <br />level scale. The report identified 27 subdivisions that had sign <br />drainage or flooding problems, with Brookglen, Creekmont Section <br />Glen Meadows, Fairmont Park East, Pinegrove Valley, and Spencer <br />4 <br />Highway Estates being the highest ranked problem areas. <br /> <br />Concrete Channel <br /> <br /> <br />As solutions to these identified problems, the plan identified r <br />Source: Kendig Keast Collaborative <br />correct current flooding and drainage problems, as well as mitig <br />techniques to prevent future drainage problems that could arise <br />development. To address current drainage and flooding problems, <br />recommended the following four types of projects: <br />1)Channel improvements; <br />2)Detention ponds for flood flow diversion; <br />3)Storm sewer upgrades; and <br />4)Development of relief swales. <br /> <br />1 <br /> La Porte Citywide Drainage Study by Klotz Associates, Inc., Jan <br />2 <br /> Ibid. <br />3 <br /> Ibid. <br />4 <br /> Ibid. <br />3.3 <br /> <br />2. <br />v Adopted July 20, 2009 <br /> <br />