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Recommend* Tests for Residual Fuels <br />...The routine tests carried oue-for marine <br />w s <br />fuel. oils are` Y <br />:Density <br />r;< <br />Viscosity- x, <br />Water <br />- :Sulphur`• . y � � _ - _. <br />Ash..r �, a <br />Vanaditim <br />Aluminiuln,.- Y. + <br />Silicon. s x <br />Total Sediment Existent <br />Pour point <br />i <br />-Flash point <br />SpecificEnegy (Calculated) x zi <br />Calculated Carbon Ai omati6ty Index <br />Slar comprehensive analysis t' <br />is undertaken for, clear distillate;:fiiels <br />mcIudmg ET IR screening q;� <br />Density <br />Fuel delivery is measured by <br />volume but invoiced by weight. <br />The density information is there- <br />fore essential for determining the <br />weight of the fuel received. Den- <br />sity must be known in order that <br />the shipboard staff can set the <br />centrifuges correctly and also for <br />calculating the calorific value <br />of the fuel. <br />Viscosity <br />Viscosity is the parameter deter- <br />mining fuel grade and thus the <br />price of the product delivered. <br />It must be known for determining <br />the fuel pre -heating temperature <br />prior to centrifuging and fuel <br />injection. Where additional . <br />heating capacity on board the <br />ship is available, considerable <br />savings in fuel costs can be made <br />by burning a higher viscosity <br />grade without necessarily <br />compromising on fuel quality, <br />provided that there are no limita- <br />tions due to engine condition <br />and engine manufacturer's <br />recommendations. <br />Density essential for accurate weight calculation <br />Viscosity neccesary to determine correct <br />pre -heating temperature <br />Water Content <br />Besides representing a loss of <br />energy content in the fuel, water <br />can cause numerous problems <br />for the fuel pre-treatment and <br />high pressure injection system. <br />Salt water can lead to corrosion, <br />the sticking of pumps, injectors <br />and deposits in cylinders and <br />turbochargers. <br />Micro -Carbon Residue <br />The Micro -Carbon Residue con- <br />tent reflects the tendency for <br />incomplete combustion and the <br />formation of carbonaceous depos- <br />its. When burning a high carbon <br />residue fuel it is important to <br />avoid engine conditions which <br />tend to increase deposit forma- <br />tion. Some engines are more <br />prone to problems when burning <br />a high MCR fuel. <br />Turbocharger fouling from <br />sea -Boater contamination <br />