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<br />Recommend. Tests for Resid. Fuels <br /> <br />.....::.:. ..... . ~i.~.:..~.':~. '.p .........~..~~ ..... I"r-~"; '~'~.i\.~1 <br /> <br />: '~-"The routine tests.carri-ed._outJor rifaJ:i~e;i,~;;:'~,: <br />'~" .fuel'o. .i~s.,ai.~:,>'::~/.'/';':';\::' " ::; }:. :...':.' ':' - .>..:;':": <br />. I . . :-~ ~ ~~ . . " ~ ;~'~..;..;:.~~~.X'~;~l: <br />I : .'~.. DenSl ty .. .' ~..-.' ; :~... . -." :.. "T"" .-: <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />. . .. .: ..;.~ I '."... <br />.:" ..t~.": . f:~' .",... <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />...SilicOlL' .... . ..~'1.{'~' ,:~;::;~'/?) <br /> <br />....,...i~i~~I~:\t}~~!j\i~;~:~~ <br />. ,; ..... . .Caitiilate'd, Catbon Ardiniiudty, Ihde~';:-:"-.~.~~ <br />>-, .... '~~:: .:' '~iht.i~~r.~~-~~';~'~~n~_i~~:~ ~~'~~~~il: ,:::~;,~~/i <br />: ,," :is under.tak~n '.(<?JJ: ~l~~F: qis,i;!~~~t:~: fflel~;.,::.t~.~l <br />.' : . ~'''',' ....:...:r~~\~!~~~~:0~m. s.tt.~~1.~~r~:~~t :'~:'.1;~;~~ <br /> <br />ij <br />c <br />! <br /> <br />Density <br /> <br />Fuel delivery is measured by <br />volume but invoiced by weight. <br />The density information is there- <br />fore essential for determining the <br />weight of the fuel received, Den- <br />sity must be known in order that <br />the shipboard staff can set the <br />centrifuges correctly and also for <br />calculating the calorific value <br />of the fuel. <br /> <br />I' <br />7. <br />Ii <br />r. <br /> <br />Viscosity <br /> <br />Viscosity is the parameter deter- <br />mining fuel grade and thus the <br />price of the product delivered. <br />It must be known for determining <br />the fuel pre-heating temperature <br />prior to centrifuging and fuel <br />injection. Where additional <br />heating capacity on board the <br />ship is available, considerable <br />savings in fuel costs can be made <br />by burning a higher viscosity <br />grade without necessarily <br />compromising on fuel quality, <br />provided that there are no limita- <br />tions due to engine condition <br />and engine manufacturer's <br />recommendations. <br /> <br /> <br />,., " <br />f __ _ . . _ , <br />}:i~:-: ..l..... <br />. ~.~~:.....z. .. . <br /> <br /> <br />..,.;,:,~:,.:;.~:j;">I;':>\~~ii_. . , <br />: ..~ .",,~it,::;::,' <br /> <br />:,.. <br /> <br />.'. .1$'...'.. . <br /> <br />Density essential for accurate weight calculation <br /> <br /> <br />Micro-Carbon Residue <br /> <br />The Micro-Carbon Residue con- <br />tent reflects the tendency for <br />incomplete combustion and the <br />formation of carbonaceous depos- <br />its. When burning a high carbon <br />residue fuel it is important to <br />avoid engine conditions which <br />te:nd to increase deposit forma- <br />tion. Some engines are more <br />prone to problems when burning <br />a high MeR fuel. <br /> <br />... <br />, <br />.f <br /> <br />Viscosity neccesary to determine correct <br />pr~heating temperature <br /> <br />Water Content <br /> <br />Besides representing a loss of <br />energy content in the fuel, water <br />can cause numerous problems <br />for the fuel pre-treatment and <br />high 'pressure injection system, <br />Salt water can, lead to corrosion, <br />the sticking of pumps, injectors <br />and deposits in cylinders and <br />turbochargers, <br /> <br />Turbocharger fouling from <br />sea-water contamination <br />