HomeMy WebLinkAboutO-1952-429
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ORDINAlIZ NO. ...}.J2.q
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AN ODINAD' PBOV'mIIO FOR FIRE: LIMI'l'S A10 RIOOULA.TIOJ!B GOVERNIm 1'fB
COrsTRmTION, AL1ERATION, E:QUIPME:m'f OR IE!DTAL OF BUIIDINJS OR STRDC'lURES,
AM> PROVlDOO FOR fHE: FOLWWIm: (A) A HmSON WHO SHALL VIOLAm A PROVISION
OF mJB com OR FAIL 1'0 COMPU THI!iitCI!&1'IITH OR WITH AN!' OF B lBQU~N1'S
THEm:OF, OR \'IRO SHALL DEeT, CONSTRUCT, AL'JER OR REPAIR, OR SHALL CAmB 1'0
BE: DIOO1!D, CONSi'Rmmn, ALmRED OR REPAIR!.!>> A BUIIDIID OR STRUCTDRE: IN
VIOLATION OF A IE1'AIID S1'A'Jm.EN't OR PLAN SUBMI'rJEn AM> APPROVm 1'HE.'REUNr.i!m,
OR OF A lERMIT OR CI!l.'RfIFIDAB ISSUED ~, SHALL S GUIL1'I OF A MIS-
1EJ.EANOR PlM'SHABm BY A FIlS OR NOT lESS THAN ')EN llOLLARS WR Pl)lE mAN
ONE: HUNDRED DOLLARS, OR BY IMPRISONMENT NO! ~Im SIX lJDNrHS, OR BY BOTH
SUCH FDB Am IMPRmoNP.EN'l'. (B) THe 0WIt1:R OF A BUIIDlm, STRUCTUIE OR
PImMISES, ~ ANYTHIm IN VIOLATION OF THIS COlE SHALL BE: I'LAOlm 01l SHALL
E:DS1', All) AN ARCHI~1', Btnl.lER, CONTRACTOR, AGBN'r, PE:BSON OR CORPORATION
EMl'LCJ!Jm IN CONNmCTION fttE'RE.Wrm AND WHO MAY HAVE ASSISB IN 'l'B COMMISSION
OF SUCH VIOLATION SHALt EACH 1m FImD ~ 'l'HE.'RE:IN PROVIDED. (e) _
IMPOSITION OF THE m:NALTIES HERCIIf PRESCRIBJ!1) SHALL lI)1' PRECLtm THS;
CORPORAT:;tON COUNSEL FROM IIIIfITt1l'OO AN APPROPRIAm: ACTION OR p~Im 1'0
PREVEm AN UNLAWFOt Ea!'.C1ION, COEmUCTION, RECOmTRUCTION, ALmRATION,
REPAm, eOlWl!aiSmN, MAIN'JENAD: OR tJSE:, OR 1'0 RESmAIN, CORREX:T OR ABAm A VIOLATION,
OR TO Plt&.v!l:Nl TIE OOCUPAm OF A !3UIIDIH'l, STRUCTURE: OR PR&1lJISES, OR !O ~
AN ILIEXlAL ACT, COlOOCT, BUS IDS OR US8: IN OR ABOUT AM PlEMISES.
BE IT ORDAIrm BY THE: em COMMISSION OF .i'IE em OF LA. fORS:
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Section, 1. Adoption of Bunding Cede.
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!here is hereb7 adopted b7 the Ci't7 ot La Porte, tor the purpo88
ot establishing rules &1'd regulations for the construction, alteration,
removal, demolition, equipment, use am occupancy, location aZJ:\ maintename
of buUdings &lid structlU'8s, including permits am penalties, that certa:1n
bullding code known as the National Building Cede, Abbreviated EtUtion,
recommeDied by the National Board ot Fire UDierwriters of Nell' York, being
part1eu1a1"~ the 1949 edition thereof aJIl the whole thereot, save ard except
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Buch portioDS as are hereinaf'ter deleted, mod1fied or amemled, ot which DO~
less than three (3) copies have been am l10If are tiled in the otf'ice ot the
Clerk or the City ot La Porte, am the $~ are hereby adopted am inoorporated
as tl1l.17 as it set out at leDgth herein, &Ill from the date on which this
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orcU.Dance shall take etrect, 'theprovis1oDS thereof shall be controlling
in the construction of all buildings aD! other structures therein contained
within th~ tire limits o~ of the City of La Porte, as here1Jatter described.
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Ii section 2. Definitions. .
::;: . .(a). Whe~"erthe word "lIm1cipaliV" is used in saM. cod.-, 1t
shall be ~1d., to :,.an the ,0i't7 ot La forte. . ,
(B) Wherewr the tam lICorpoloatlon Counsel- 18 used in saSA code,
it shall be held to maD the AttorDB:y tor the City of La Porte.
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Section 3. lire Limits Established.
The f'ire l1m1ts of' the city ot Ia Porte are hereby established
as tollows:
Beg1Dning at a point on t~ torDBr cit;r limit line on'
Tenth Street in the center ot. the alley ot Block No. JJ,
ot the Town of' La Porte J
i'hence in an easterlJr direction along the 'center at the
alley to the center of' South Third street; 'l'heDCe south
along the center ot South' i'!iird street to a point in the
center ot South A. street,
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i'henee in an easterq direction along the center ot South
A. Street to a point opposite. the alley in Block lfo. 36 ot
the Town ot La Porte; ~ence South aloDg the center of the
alley through sahi Block No. 36 to a point in the center
ot South B. Avenue; ,
'l'hence in an easterly direction along the center of' South B.
Avenue to a' point opposite the al1~ in Block lb. 201, Town
ot La Porte; ,
thence in a Nortberl1' direction along the center of' the alley
through sdd Block No. 201, to a point in the center ot
South ..' streetJ Thence in an easterly direction along the
ceftter of' SOl1th"A. Street to a point in the center ot South
Virginia; ,
Thence north along the center of' South VirgiDia to a point
in the ,center of the alley in Block No. 197 ot the Town ot
La P~~te;
!hence 1ri an easterly direction &lODg the center ot the alley
to a point in the center of' South ut~; Thence in a northerly
direction along the center of' South Utah across East Ma1D
Street and along the center of' North' Utah to a point in the
center ot the al18" through Block No. 184 ot the Town ot
La Porte;
TheDee in a westerl1' direction along the center ot the alley
to a point in the center ot South Virginia, Thence in a
norther~ direction along the center ot So~th Virginia to
a point 1n tbe center ot Polk; thence in a westerq direction
along .,the center of' Polk to a point apposite, the alley in
Block, 10. 60 ot the T,?WD ot La Porte J
Thence in a southerly direction along 'the center ot said
alle7 in Block Ho. 60 to the center of the intersecting alle,.
in said block;
'thence in a wester~ direction aloug the center ot the aU87
to the tormer CiiQr Limit l1rle on Tenth Street; Thence in a
80uther~ d1reqtion alODg sa:ld city limit 11De on Tenth street
to the place ot begin~i~.
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~ectloD 4. Savi:ng Clause.
Nothing in this ordinance or in the code hereby adopted shall
be construed to atiVot &IV' suit or proceeding DOli peaU.Dg in &IV' Court, or
aIV' rights acquired, or liabU1:t7 incurred, nor &.IV' cause or causes ot
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action accrue,d or existing, umer aIV' act or ordinance repealed hereb7.
Nor, shall 8Z11" right or remed7 of &IV' character be lost, impaired or
affected b.Y this ordinance.
Section 5. Val~itY'.
The invalidit7 of aIV' section or provision of this ordinance or
ot the code hereb.1 adopted shall not inva1:S4ate other sections or provisions
thereat.
Section 6. Inconsistent Ordinances Repealed.
OrdiDaDCeB or parts thereof' in force at the t1DB that this
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o~~~ shall take effect, am inconsi~tent herew~th, aai: more espec~
Ordinance Ho. 366 ami 366A at the GriV ot La Porte, except the building.
permit tees proYtded tor therein including ordu.nces number 366B aD!
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number 36fC am, ordinance No 420, are hereb.1 repealed. !he buUding
permit tees provided for therein shall remain in full torce am effect.
Section 7. .Amendments !lade ii1 said Code.
The sa1d code is ameIdad am changed in the tollori.Dg respectsl
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(1) Section 31, paragraph (a), 1& ameDled to read as tallows: ---,
1IJ!:ve1"1' roof herea.tter placed. on a building shall be'
covered with an approved rooting at brick, concrete,
tUe, slate, ID9tal, asbestos, prepared asphalt asbestos-
felt shingles, or ot built-up rooting tinished with
asphalt, 8~ or gravel, or other approved material,
except that 4welliDgs, priVate garages, alii barDS
separated b.1 at least twelve teet tram other buildiJJgs
~ be rooted with a good grade of' wood sh:I.Dgles.
Section 8. Date at Eftect.
This Ordinance shall take effect ten days attar its approval
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as required b.1 law.
Passed and approved this Qbh dq at September, A. D. 1952.
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M. D. Bu , r
Ci ~ of Is. Porte, !exas
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Amend Sectzon 2~0, by ~nscrt~~g new ~efi~~t~ons to re ~'<~"~_~ ._\'
Noncombustible as applied to a ibUlldmg con 111I ~':'~ .
means a material which, in the form fn which it is us ; I ~
of the following groups (a) through '(c). It does not appl) 0 sur-
~ace finish mat~rials nor to the deter!illination of whether a ~ateria~~,,~ .
IS noncombustible from the standpOlp.t of clearances to heatmg apiA.: !tif=-
pliances, flues or other sources .of high. te~perat.ure. ~o materi .... , ...ft
shall be classed as noncombustible which IS subject to mcrease 1"", ~
combustibility or flame spread ratingibeyond the limits herein esta f~'" .. '
lishe~,. through the effects <;>f age, Ipoisture. or other atm<;>sphe r " -/ I
condition. Flame spread ratmg as u$ed herem refers to ratmgs 0 ','
tained according to the Standard Test Method for Fire :ij.a '7;i I
Classification of Building Materials pf Underwriters' Labor ,. ,''. .
Inc., ASTM E84. For data on sqch ratings see Und r '''"'
Laboratories Fire Protection Equip.ment List under t
Building Materials-Hazard Classififation (Fire) (40
(a). Materials no part of whicih will ignite an
subjected to fire. I ' ':
(b). Materials having a strucfural base of rr "
material, as defined in (a), with a sQrfacing not over
which has a flame spread rating notjhigher than 50.
(c). Materials, other than as d~scribed in (a) or (b), having
a surface flame spread rating not higher than 25 without evidence
of. continued progressive combustion' and of such composition that
cross-sections in any plane would ~ot have a flame spread ratiri'?
h.igher than 25 without evidence of ~ontinued progressive combus-. \.
tIon. I .
Plastic means a material that c~ntains as an essential ingre' .
ent an organic substance of large molecular weigllt, is solid i /. ,
finished state, and, at some stage in iits manufacture or in its
essing into finished articles, can be sraped by flow.
Amend Section 502, page 33, to read: '
1. Glazing area. The aggregate ;area of approved glazi
rial in windows required by this article shall be not less t, ,
of the floor area of the room serv~d by them; provide .,
habitable rooms such glazing area shall be not less than .'
feet, and in bathrooms it shall be n~t less than 3 square feef.
2. Glazing. Only wired glass nbt less than 34 -inch thick shall
be used for the glazing of fire win<<ows. Other windows shall be
glazed with glass or other transluceht or transparent material hav-
ing a flam.e spread rating not grea~er than permitted for interior
finish materials. (See sections 402-4, 701-8 and 702-8.)
3. Openings. Windows or other openings required for ventila-
tion shall have an aggregate opena~le area of at least 50 percent
of the glazing area required for lighting.
Amend Section 503-2, page 34, to reAd:
2. Skylights. Unless open to ~he outer air at the top for its
IuB area, such shaft shaH be covered by a skylight glazed and pro-
tected as specified in section 923-4 a~d having a net area of perma-
nent openings equal to the maximuP1 required shaft area.
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(3). There shall be a distance of not less than 5 feet between
skylights and not less than 20 feet between the skylights and
any wall in which the exterior openings are required to be pro-
tected by section 920. '
(4). Skylights shall be protected by a substantial wire
screen placed above the glazing as provided in section 923-4 (c)
unless they are constructed and installed in such a manner that
flying brands will not be likely to lodge on the plastic.
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Amend Section
4. Roof signs. I
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(a). Display signs that are pla~ed above or supported on the
top of a building or structure shall be tonstructed of noncombustible
materials, except that mouldings and cappings may be of wood or
other combustible material. I
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4. Skylights.
(a). Skylights placed over shafts, vent shafts, stair enclosures,
and exit ways required by sections 602 and 603, shall be glazed with
glass or other noncombustible material which may be easily
pierced by fire-fighting personnel. If glass is used it shall be plain
glass not more than }i inch thick.
(b). Skylights other than as specified above, which are in-
clined less than 600 from the horizontal, hereafter placed on a
building shall have the sashes and frames thereof constructed of
approved noncombustible material and "glazed with wired glass or
an approved plastic which dO'es not present a fragmentation haz-
ard; skylights in foundries or buildings where acid fumes are
present may have sashes and frames of wood by special permis-
sion of the building official.
(c). Every skylight in which plain glass is used shall be pro-
tected by a substantial wire screen with wire not lighter than
t'umber,12 gauge and having a mesh not less than ~ of an inch
nor larger than 1 inch, placed not less than 4 inches or more than
10 inches above the glazed portion of the skylight at all points.
Such screen shall extend beyond the glazing on all sides a distance
not less than the height of the screen above the glazing. When a
skylight is located over a stairway, public hallway or a place of
assembly, a similar screen. shall also be placed below the skylight,
unless there is an intermediate ceiling light.
(d). Skylights in which 'combustible plastic is used shall be
constructed in accordance with the following provisions:
(1). The skylight shall have a curb which is not less than 4
inches in height above the adjoining roof surface,
(2). The area within the curbs of each skylight shall not ex-
ceed 50 square feet and no 'dimension shall exceed 10 feet. The
aggregate area of skylights shall not exceed 20 percent of the
floor area sheltered by the roof upon or in which they are
installed.
1802-4
3. A plastic luminous ceiling shall conform to the require-
ments for interior finish materials ~see sections 402-4, 701-8 and
702-8), except that a plastic luminous ceiling, the plastic panels of
which have been shown in approprHite tests by a recognized test-
ing laboratory to fall from their mO{1l1ting before being ignited by
application of heat shall be exempt. from this provision provided
the plastic panels are made up of individual lengths not exceeding
10 feet each. i
4. No plastic luminous ceiling shall be installed below sprin-
klers in areas required to be equippeq with automatic sprinklers by
section 1702 or section 404, unless appropriate tests by a recognized
testing laboratory have shown that such ceiling does not prevent
effective protection by the sprinkled; or unless sprinklers are lo-
cated both above and below the lumirous ceiling. .) .
5. The supports for plastic panfls of luminous ceilings shall ,...-
be securely fastened in an approved manner to the ceiling, floor or~'
roof construction. 1
Amend Section 1802-1 (b), page 155, 10 read:
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(b) Such signs shall not exceedl40 square feet in area, unless
made of noncombustible materials, :provided that mouldings and
cappings may be of wood or other c01nbustible material.
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Amend Section 1802-3 (d), page 156, )0 read:
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(d). Within the fire limits, su~h signs when more than 13
feet high shall be constructed of l1orlcombustible materials, except
that mouldings and cappings may bel of wood or other combustible
material. !
(a)
page
156,
to read
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Amend Section 504, page 34, to read:
Skylights installed to meet the requirements of this article
shall be glazed and protected as specified in section 923-4 and shall
have glazing areas not less than required for the windows they
replace. They shall be equipped with movable sashes or perma-
nent openings of an aggregate net area not less than required for
openable parts in the windows they replace or approved ventilation
of equal effectiveness shall be provided.
110 and
Amend Section 923-4,
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to read
Amend Article IX by adding at the end, page 113, a new section to read:f._,
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SECTION 931. LUMINOUS CEILINGS. ..
1. Plastic luminous ceilings which fall from their mounting "
upon application of heat shall not pe installed in any exit way
required by sections 602 and 603, nor~ in public buildings for 100 or
more persons, places of assembly, o~ institutional buildings.
2. The installation of a plastic iuminous ceiling shall be
ject to the approval of the building ofti,cial.
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,~?'~:;~$aober 1954 Amendments
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TO THE
NA TIONAL
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CODE
ILD IN G
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RECOMMENDED
By
THE NATIONAL BOARD OF FIRE UNDERWRITERS
NEW YORK
1949
EDITION
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this amendment leaflet
National Board of Fire
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Copies of the National Building Code and of
may be obtained on application at the offices of the
U nderwri ters,
85 John Street, New York 38, N. Y.
222 West Adams Street, Chicago 6, Ill.
465 California Street, San Francisco 4, Calif
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e e e FIRE RESISTANCE tTINGS
FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS
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FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests e . Estimated Ratings
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Type Details of Construction I Rating .~ Type I Details of Construction I Ratinl
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Wood Wood floor consisting of ~ in. sub-floor and tongue ,~ Reinforced 2~ in. reinforced'" concrete floor slab on joists. Ceiling
Joists and groove finish flooring with asbestos paper weigh- Concrete of 1 in. unsanded, wood-fibered gypsum plaster, or
ing 14 lb. per 100 sq. ft. between. Ceiling of ~ in. 1:2 Joists ~ in. gypsum-perlite or gypsum-vermiculite plaster
gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in. perforated gypsum (Not over on metal lath. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 to 2~
lath attached by 1~ in. nails with ~ in. heads and 30 in. on cu. ft. and brown coat 3 to 334 cu. ft. perlite or
spaced 4 in. on centers; 3 in. strips of expanded metal centers) vermiculite to 100 Ibs. gypsum. .....,"'..,"'.......,..',............." 3 brs.
lath nailed over all joints in gypsum lath using 1~ 2~ in. reinforced'" concrete floor slab on joists. Ceiling
in. nails with ~ in. heads spaced 5 in. on centers
along joists and with 2 nails to each joist for joints of ~ in. 1 :2, 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster on metal 2 hrs.
perpendicular to joists. (9) "........",.,"""""'.."..,.,........... 1 hr. lath. ..............................................n...................................................................._......
Double * in. tongue and groove wood flooring with Steel Joists 2~ in. concrete or gypsum slab on metal lath. Ceiling
insulating layer between. Ceiling of ~ in. 2:1 wood- (Fabricated of * in. 1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on metal or
fibered gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in. plain gyp- from Rolled wire lath. "............,...,'.............,..................................,.......",... 2~ hrs.
sum plaster base attached by 1~ in. nails with 7/16 Sections or
in. heads, 12 to each 16 x 48 in. lath; 3 in. strips from Strip
expanded metal lath nailed over all joints in gypsum 1 hr. or Sheet
lath. (25) ........",.".........,..",.".......""",.........."....,..,.""......... Steel) or
Wood floor consisting of ~ in. sub-floor and tongue and Steel
groove finish flooring with asbestos paper weighing Beamsu
14 Ibs. per 100 sq. ft. between. Ceiling of ~ in. 1 :2, -
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster on metal lath nailed
with 1~ in. No. 11 gauge barbed roofers' nails hav- 1 hr.
ing 7/16 in. heads and spaced 6 in. on centers. (9) ......
Wood floor consisting of ~ in. sub-floor and tongue and . I'
groove finish flooring with asbestos paper weighing
14 Ibs. per 100 sq. ft. between. Ceiling of ~ in. 1 :2,
1:3 portland cement and sand plaster with 3 lb. ROOF CONSTRUCTIONS
asbestos fiber and 15 Ibs. hydrated lime added per Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
94-lb. bag of cement, on metal lath nailed with 1 ~ in.
No. 11 gauge barbed roofers' nails having 7/16 in. I I
heads and spaced 6 in. on centers. (9) .....,'................,.", 1 hr.
Type Details of Construction Ratinl
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Steel 3 in. U.L. listed reinforced vermiculite concrete on
Estimated Ratings ! Unitsu, ribbed steel floor units. Other details as specified
Ribbed in U.L. Iistingc, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling
Ii Constructions-Design No. 1-134 HR. .............,............ 1~ hrs
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Brick Minimum depth 4 in. for spanSl of 5 ft. or less; rise at '11
Arch least 1 in. per ft. of span; at least 2 in. concrete fill ' ' Same as
: f.,. . Any construction described under "Floor and Ceiling Floor
on top of arch; ceiling plastered with ~ in. portland !./
cement or gypsum plaster (23) ..,.............,._........___ 3 hrs. Constructions." ....".....,."......"...."._.._..",....."".... Rating
Minimum depth 8 in.; rise at least 1 in. per ft. of span.
(23) ",.,.,....,......",.."",....",..",.",........,."."......""...,.........."...,. 3 hrs. Letter superscripts refer to notes, page 47.
Hollow Minimum depth 6 in. with at least 2 cells in the depth j
Clay Tile shells and webs not less than ~ in. in thickness;
Arch vertical and horizontal dimension of cells not greater
than 4 in.; at least 2 in. concrete fill on top of arch;
ceiling plastered with ~ in. portland cement or gyp_
IIUIII plallh:r. (24) .......",.........,....,......................,.. 3 on.
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Letter superscripts refer to notes, page 47. ' .
28 29
1~ hrs.
1~ hrs.
lY.i hrs.
1 hr.
1 hr.
1 hr.
FIRE RESISTANCE"-TINGS
FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
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Details of Construction Ratiol
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FIRE IISTANCE
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Wood floor consisting of 1 in. (nominal) tongue and
groove sub and finish flooring, with building paper
between. Ceiling of ~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster on
~ in. plain gypsum lath nailed to joists with 1~ in.
nails having ~ in. diameter heads. Plaster rein-
forced with 1 in. mesh wire fabric nailed to joists
through lath, with 2~ in. nails having ~ in. diameter
heads. Plaster mix: scratch and brown coats, 2~
cu. ft. perlite to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. (51) .'...,......
Wood floor consisting of 1 in. (nominal) tongue and
groove sub and finish flooring with building paper
between. Ceiling of :r.'. in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster
on metal lath nailed to joists with lY.i in. barbed
roofing nails, having 7/16 in. heads and spaced 4:r.'. in.
on centers. Plaster applied with sufficient pressure to
form large keys on back of lath. Plaster mix: scratch
coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. vermiculite to
100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. (58) ..'".,.............."...,...."",......
Wood floor consisting of 1 in. (nominal) tongue and
groove sub and finish flooring with building paper
between. Ceiling of :r.'. in. gypsum-perlite plaster on
metal lath nailed to joists with 1~ in. barbed roofing
nails having 7/16 in. heads and spaced 4:r.'. in. on
centers. Plaster applied with sufficient pressure to
form large keys on back of lath. Plaster mix: scratch
coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. perlite to 100 Ibs.
fibered gypsum. (57) .,.....,......,..""...."."......"".....".....,...',
Wood floor consisting of 1 in. (nominal) tongue and
groove sub and finish flooring with building paper
between. Ceiling of Y.i in. gypsum-perlite plaster on
~ in. perforated gypsum lath, nailed to joists with
1 3/16 in. nails having 9/32 in. diameter heads. Plaster
mix: scratch and brown coats 2~ cu. ft. perlite to
100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. (52) ."",..........,.'"""",..,......"".
Wood floor consisting of 1 in. (nominal) tongue and
groove sub and finish flooring with building paper
between. Ceiling of two layers Y.i in. gypsum wall-
board with 1 in. mesh wire fabric between. First
layer of wallboard nailed with 1% in. nails having
7/32 in. heads; wire fabric and second layer of wall-
board nailed with 2~ in. nails having ~ in. heads.
Outside joints taped and pointed; nailheads covered
with joint cement. (53) ,..........,..,.".",..,....,........,...,.....,.....
Wood floor consisting of 1 in. (nominal) tongue and
groove sub and finish flooring with building paper
between. Ceiling of % in. U.L. listed wallboardcc
nailed with 1~ in. nails, 6 in. on centers. Joints
covered with fiber tape and joint finisher. Other
details as specified in U.L. Iistinge, under Floor or
Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 1-1 HR.
Type
Wood
Joists
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Letter superscripts refer to notes, page 47.
27
,
.
tlJ-'t:I
:::ltlJ
E-tu
GI
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=a.~
=~
.. "tl
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._ 0
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30
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26
refer
31
.e,
'"
.
* Nonbearing.
Letter superscripts
in. hollow tile of medium burned clay, not less than
60% solid, two cells in thickness; both sides plastered
....:..1... cL:_ 1.'2 _.~,........ "...11 ......,11 ....1....+... (0 cn'
"" ......... 70 "'.I. .a..v 6J pol""...... .............. "'......"" jI.....oI........ \.... aI... J .........__.
to notes,
page 47.
2 h:-s.*
Heavy
Timber
Letter superscripts refer
in. laminated plank floor
top, (31)
to notes,
page 47.
hr.
4
4 in. facing tile cored not
back side with ~ in.
composed of 3~ cu. ft.
sum. (16)
to exceed 30%, plastered on
gypsum-vermiculite plaster
vermiculite to 100 Ibs. gyp-
2 hrs. *
2 in. (minimum thickness) concrete on top of U.L.
listed ribbed steel floor units. Ceiling of 15/16 in.
(measured from face of lath) U.L. listed cementitious
mixture on metal lath suspended not less than 15~ in.
from ribs of floor wlits, and spaced at least 3~ in.
below steel beams. Lath attached to ~ in. furring
channels supported by 1~ in. runner channels. Furring
channels spaced not more than 13~ in. on centers.
Duct opening in ceiling not larger than 113 sq. in. in
each 100 sq. ft. ceiling area, protected by fire damper
of No. 14 USS gauge steel. Other details as specified
in U.L. Iistingc, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No. 12-4 HR. ..........,...............
6
with
1
in. finish flooring on
4 hrs.
,
J
i
4 in. facing tile cored not to exceed 25%, plastered on
back side with ~ in. 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster.
(14)
6 in. partition consisting of 4 in. tile cored not to ex-
ceed 41%, faced on fire exposed side with 1~ in. tile
cored not to exceed 15% with ~ in. mortar filled
~oint between, and plastered on opposite side with ~
m. 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (12)
2 hrs. *
3 hrs.*
Steel
Unitsu,
Ribbed
6~ in. partition with two units in wall thickness, one
unit 3~ in., other 1~ in. thick, with ~ in. joint be-
tween filled with mortar. Position of units reversed
on alternating courses. Tile cored not to exceed 25%
in 4 in. unit, and not to exceed 15% in 1~ in. unit.
(13)
3 hrs.*
Steel
Unitsu,
Corrugated
4~ in. (measured from bottom of corrugations) ex-
panded slag concrete on top of U.L. listed corrugated
steel floor units. Ceiling of ~ in. gypsum-perlite
plaster (measured from face of lath attached directly
to steel floor units) on metal lath, and sufficient plaster
pushed through the lath to fill the corrugations of the
steel floor units; 1 in. plaster thickness to the face of
the lath in an area 3 ft. square centered below electrical
raceway junction box; not more than one junction box
in each 90 sq. ft. floor area. Plaster mix: scratch and
brown coat 2 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite to 100 Ibs.
gypsum. Other details as specified in U.L. Iistingc,
under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-
Design No. 5-3 HR. ......,."...,.........."......................,.....,...
4~ in. (measured from bottom of corrugations) rein-
forced expanded shale concrete on top of U.L. listed
corrugated steel floor units. Other details as specified
in U.L. listingc, under Floor or Roof and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No. 7-3 HR. "",......",..............,.
5~ in. (measured from bottom of corrugations) rein-
forced limestone concrete on top of U.L. listed cor-
rugated steel floor units. Other details as specified
in U.L. listingc, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No. 3-2 HR. ................"......,.....
4~ in. (measured from bottom of corrugations) crushed
limestone concrete on top of U.L. listed corrugated
steel floor units. Other details as specified in U.L.
Iistingc, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Construc-
tions-Design No. 3-1 HR, or No. 4-1 HR. ",...".,....
hr.
.
.
8-in. wall constructed of U.L. listed clay tile. Regular
courses made with 3~ in. thick units; bonding course
made with 1~ and 5~ in. thick units located every
fourth course, with wide and narrow tile alternated on
opposite faces. Other details as specified in U.L.
listingc under Walls and Partitions-Design No.
3-3 HR
3 hrs.*
2 hrs.
3 hrs.
Clay Tile
in. units
With noncombustible
wall. ,........,...,................'"
With combustible frameda
bedded in mortar. "......,...........
With unembedded combustible
wall.
members frameda into
in
members
fully em-
1~ hrs,
2 hrs.
3 hrs.
or
no
(64)
members framed into
8
42%
solid,
unplastered
3 hrs.
With unembedded combustible
wall
With combustible
bedded in mortar
members frameda into
2 hrs.
3 hrs.
Brick
(Hollow)
frameda in
8 in. units 42% solid, plaster on both sides
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster: (64)
With noncombustible or no members
wall
members
framed
fully
em-
into
4 hrs.
Brick
(Cored)
with %
6 in. units 760/'0 solid, unplastered; with noncombustible
or no members framed into the wall. (91)
in.
2~ hrs.
\
'...
r.
,.
t
,~
T7Jle
Details of
FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance
Construction
Ratings Based on Standard Fire
Tests
Ratina
.
.
Type
Fire
Details
WALLS AND PARTITIONS-Continued
Resistance Standard Fire
Ratings
of
Based on
Construction
Tests
Rating
-
FIRE RESISTANCE
RATINGS
e
e
FIRE RESISTANCE tTINGS
FIRE RESISTANCEt.TINGS
e
FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Based on Standard Fire Tests
e
-
RESISTANCE
RATINGS
WALLS AND PARTITIONS-Continued
FIRE
Ratings
e
e
Tests
Based on Standard Fire
Ratings
Resistance
Fire
Rating
Construction
2Yz in. (minimum thiclatess over cells) reinforced con-
crete on top of U.L. listed cellular steel floor units.
Ceiling of 1~ in. U.L. listed sprayed fiber on face of
adhesive coated metal lath. Lath supported not less
than 4Yz in. from underside of steel floor units. Other
details as specified in U.L. listinge, under Floor or
Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 4-3 HR.
of
Details
Type
Steel
Unitsu,
Cellular
,
J
Rating
Construction
6 in. hollow tile of medium burned clay, not less than
45% solid, two cells in thiclatess; both sides plastered
with % in. 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (9, 59)........
not less than
% in. gypsum
of
Details
Type
Clay Tile
2 hrs..
6 in. hollow tile of medium burned clay,
30% solid; plastered on both sides with
and sand plaster. (9, 59)
brs.
3
4 hrs.
4Yz in. (measured from bottom of corrugations) con-
crete on top of U.L. listed corrugated steel floor units.
Ceiling of 1 in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-
vermiculite plaster on metal lath. Lath supported
not less than 14Yz in. from underside of steel floor.
Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat
3 cu. ft. vermiculite to 100 lbs. gypsum. Other details
as specified in U.L. listinge, under Floor or Roof, and
Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 7-4 HR.
4Yz in. (measured from bottom of corrugations) ex-
panded slag concrete on top of U.L. listed corrugated
steel floor. units. Ceiling of ~ in. gypsum-perlite
plaster (measured from face of lath attached directly
to steel floor units) on metal lath, and sufficient plaster
pushed through the lath to fill the corrugations of the
steel floor units. Plaster mix: scratch and brown
coat 2 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite to 100 lbs. gypsum.
Other details as specified in U.L. listinge, under Floor
or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 8-4
HR.
Steel
Unitsu,
Corrugated
lYz hrs..
3 in. hollow tile not less than 500/0 solid, or 4 in. hollow
tile not less than 400/0 solid, of medium burned clay;
plastered on both sides with % in. 1:3 gypsum and
sand plaster. (9, 59)
hr..
hr..
1
1
tile cored not to exceed 47%, plastered on
with ~ in. 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster.
in. facing
back side
(30)
4
hr..
hr..
1
1 :3
in wall thickness plas-
1:3 gypsum and sand
1 :3
~ in.
% in.
with
side with
side
each
(5)
each
(9)
4 in. hollow tiie having 2 cells
tered each side with Kin.
plaster. (9)
in. hollow tile plastered
gypsum and sand plaster.
in.
gyp
hollow tile plastered
sum and sand plaster.
4
6
.
.
hr..
1
4Yz in. wall consisting of 3 in. U.L. listed composite
blocks, plastered on both sides with ~ in. 1 :1, 1:2
gypsum sand plaster. Other details as specified in
U.L. listinge under Walls and Partitions-Design No.
2-3 HR
Composite
Blocks
4 hrs.
4 hrs.
4Yz in. (measured from bottom of corrugations) lime-
stone concrete on top of U.L. listed corrugated steel
floor units. Ceiling of ~ in. (measured from the
bottom of the corrugations) U.L. listed sprayed fiber
applied directly to underside of adhesive coated cor-
rugated steel floor units. Other details as specified
in U.L. listinge, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No. 9-4 HR. .........-.......,...........,..
4Yz in. (measured from bottom of corrugations) lime-
stone concrete on top of U.L. listed corrugated steel
floor units. Ceiling of Yz in. (measured from the
bottom of the corrugations) U.L. listed vermiculite
acoustical plastic applied directly to underside of cor-
rugated steel floor units. Other details as specified
in U.L. listinge, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No. 10-4 HR
,
I
.
,
I
Ii
I
3 hrs..
4Yz in. wall consisting of 3 in. U.L. listed composite
blocks, (tongue and groove joints-without mortar
but with 4 in. strips of metal lath nailed over joints),
plastered on both sides with ~ in. plaster. Scratch
and brown. coats 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite plaster
aggregate to 100 lbs. fibered gypsum. Other de-
tails as specified in U.L. listinge under Walls and
Partitions-Design No. 4-3 HR
3 hrs..
2 hrs..
1 hr..
3 in. blocks of shredded wood bound with magnesium
oxysulfate cement, plastered each side with Yz in. 1:3
gypsum and sand plaster. (9)
in. blocks as above,
(9)
4 hrs.
above.
8 or 12 in. U.L. listed concrete blocks, laid as specified,
in U.L. listinge, under Walls and Partitions-Design
No. 1-4 HR
plastered as
2
Concrete
Masonry
Units
page 47.
to notes,
Letter superscripts refer
4 hrs.t
8 or 12 in. U.L. listed concrete blocks; cells filled with
loose, dry expanded slag and laid as specified in U.L.
listinge, under Walls and Partitions-Design No. 1-3
HR or No. 1-2 HR
25
.
e
4 hrs.t
no members
load bearing with noncombustible or
page 47.
to notes,
refer
32
t Rated as
wall.
Letter superscripts
· Nonbearing.
framed into
Letter superscripts refer to notes,
24
33
Type
Steel
Unitsu,
Cellular
l~ in. concrete plus ~ in. cement mortar finish, on top
of cellular steel units. Ceiling of 1 in. unsanded wood.
fibered gypsum plaster on metal lath secured not less
than 9 in. below bottom of cellular steel units. (9) "",.
1~ in. concrete plus ~ in. cement mortar finish, on top
of cellular steel units. Ceiling of 1 in. unsanded wood-
fibered gypsum plaster on metal lath secured not less
than 2 in. below bottom of cellular steel units. (9)
2 in. (minimum thickness over cells) concrete on top
of U.L. listed cellular steel floor units. Ceiling of
~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster on metal lath suspended not less than 14~
in. from underside of floor units, and spaced at least
2~ in. below steel beams. Lath attached to ~ or 1
in. furring channels spaced 12 in. on centers, which
are attached to 1~ in. runner channels spaced 48 in.
on centers. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and
brown coat 3 cu. ft. D.L. listed perlite to 100 Ibs.
fibered gypsum. Duct opening in ceiling not to exceed
70 sq. in. in each 100 sq. ft. ceiling area, protected
by fire damper of No. 12 USS gauge steel covered
each side with 1/16 in. thick layer of asbestos paper.
Also No. 12 USS gauge steel fire damper at junc-
tion between branch duct and main duct, Duct loca-
tion and other details as specified in D.L. listingc,
under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-
Design No. 8-3 HR. ..........................................................
2 in. (minimum thickness over cells) concrete on top
of U.L. listed cellular steel floor units. Ceiling of
~ in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster on metal lath. Face
of lath supported not less than 15~ in. from under-
side of floor units. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 to
20 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 to 30 cu. ft. vermiculite
to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Duct opening in ceiling
not larger than 85 sq. in. in each 100 sq. ft. ceiling
area, and protected by No. 14 USS gauge fire damper.
Not more than one electrical outlet in each 90 sq. ft.
of ceiling area. Duct location and other details as
specified in D.L. listingc, under Floor or Roof, and
Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 1-3 HR. .....,.......'"
2 in. (minimum thickness over cells) concrete on top
of U.L. listed cellular steel floor units. Ceiling of
1 in. U.L. listed sprayed fiber on face of adhesive
coated metal lath. Lath supported not less than
40 in. from underside of steel floor units. Other de-
tails as specified in U.L. listingc, under Floor or
Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 2-3 HR.
2~ in. (minimum thickness over cells) concrete on top
of U.L. listed cellular steel floor units. Ceiling of
10 in. (minimum thickness) U.L. listed sprayed fiber
applied directly to underside of adhesive coated cellular
steel units. Other details as specified in U.L. listingc,
under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-
Design No. 3-3 HR
page 47.
3 hrs.
.'
.
~ The minimum face shell for the largest core hole at the thinnest point (this
may be the average of the two face shells in the same core). The end and
internal webs in each core hole to be measured at the thinnest point.
47.
Letter
superscripts
refer
to notes,
page
3 hrs.
* N onbearing.
framed into wall.
3 hrs.
.j
.~
,
'l
I
Concrete
Masonry
Units
(8 or 12
in. units)
t Rated as load bearing
Natural, by-product, and proc-
essed, except those listed be-
low. (96) ,....,..........,...,.......,'........
Burned clay or shale. (96)
Expanded slag. (96)
Pumice. (96)
with noncombustible
1~
1~
1~
1
1
1
10
1~
1~
or
1
1
1
;10
members
2~
1~
1~
1
1
1~
Type
Type
of
Aggregate
2 hrs. t
Face-
Shell Web
3 hrs. t
Face-
Shell Web
4 hrs.t
Face-
Shell Web
3 hrs.
I
'i
Minimum Face Shell and Web
Thicknesses, Inches.1
8 or 12 in. D.L. listed concrete blocks with combustible
members framed in wall; laid as specified in U.L.
listingc, under Walls and Partitions-Design No.
1-4 HR or No. 1-3 HR or No. 1-2 HR. ,....."""...,.",
1
hr.
8 or 12 in. U.L. listed concrete blocks with combustible
members framed in wall, and plastered on face opposite
framing with * in. portland cement stucco or gypsum
plaster; laid as specified in U.L. Iistingc, under Walls
and Partitions-Design No. 1-4 HR, No. 1-3 HR, or
No. 1-2 HR
1~ hrs.
8 or 12 in. D.L. listed concrete blocks, laid as specified
in U.L. Iistingc, under Walls and Partitions-Design
No. 1-2 HR
2 hrs.t
3 hrs.
4 hrs.
Concrete
Masonry
Units
6 in. U.L. listed concrete blocks; cells and spaces com-
pletely filled with fluid mortar mix and construction
reinforced with 0 in. deformed steel spaced 24 in.
on centers horizontally and vertically. Mortar mix:
5 cu. ft. pumice aggregate and 1 cu. ft. of cement.
Other details as specified in U.L. listingc under Walls
and Partitions-Design No. 8-4HR ,.....,.........................
4 in. U.L. listed concrete blocks; cells filled with perlite
mortar and laid as specified in U.L. listingc, under
Walls and Partitions-Design No. 2-4 HR. ...............,
8 or 12 in. D.L. listed concrete blocks, laid as specified
in U.L. Iistingc, under Walls and Partitions-Design
No. 1-3 HR
3 hrs.t
4
4 hrs.t
hrs.*
.
Details of
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
Construction
RatiDl
.
'!
e
Type
Fire
WALLS
Resistance
Details
AND PARTITIONS-Continued
Standard Fire
Ratings
of
Based
Construction
on
Tests
Rating
FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued
-
FIRE RESISTANCE
RATINGS
e
e
FIRE RESISTANCEtTINGS
,_
FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS
FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
=
Type Details of Construction Rating
e
_
FIRE IISTANCE
.
e
Tests
RATINGS
AND PARTITIONS-Continued
on Standard Fire
Based
Ratings
WALLS
Resistance
Fire
')
4 hI's.
4 hI's.
4 hI's.
4 hI's.
4 hI's.
2~ in. (minimum thickness over cells) crushed lime-
stone concrete on top of D.L. listed cel1ular steel
floor units. Ceiling of 1)4 in. D.L. listed sprayed
fiber applied directly to underside of steel floor units
with web area between cells coated with adhesive.
Other details as specified in D.L. listingc, under
Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design
No. 13-4 HR, or No. 14-4 HR. ,..,....."...........,...............
2~ in. (minimum thickness over cells) limestone con-
crete on top of D.L. listed cel1ular steel floor units.
Ceiling of 1~ in. D.L. listed sprayed fiber applied
directly to wlderside of adhesive coated cellular steel
units. Other details as specified in D.L. listing",
under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-
Design No. 11-4 HR. ......',..........................................m.....
2~ in. (minimum thiclmess over cells) concrete on top
of U.L. listed cellular steel floor units. Ceiling of
1~ in. (measured from face of lath) plaster consisting
of % in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster and ~ in. ver-
miculite acoustical plastic on metal lath. Lath sup-
ported not less than 7)4 in. from underside of steel
floor units. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 to 2~ cu. ft.
and brown coat 3 to 3~ cu. ft. U.L. listed vermicu-
lite to 100 lbs. fibered gypsum. Other details as speci-
fied in U.L. listingc, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No. 4-4 HR. ,................"...........
2 in. reinforced concrete on top of U.L. listed cellular
steel floor units. Ceiling of % in. (measured from
face of lath) gypsum-perlite plaster on metal lath.
Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat
3 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite to 100 lbs. fibered gypsum.
Lath supported not less than 15~ in. from underside
of steel floor, and spaced at least 3~ in. below steel
beams. Duct opening in ceiling not larger than 70
sq. in. in each 100 sq. ft. ceiling area, protected by
fire damper of No. 12 USS gauge steel covered with
two 1/32 in. thick layers of asbestos paper. Also No.
12 USS gauge steel fire damper at junction between
branch duct and main duct. Not more than one elec-
trical outlet in each 90 sq. ft. ceiling area. Duct loca-
tion, and other details as specified in U.L. listing",
under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-
Design No. 5-4 HR. ....,................................,...................,
2 in. (minimum thiclmess over cells) concrete on top of
U.L. listed cellular steel floor units. Ceiling of 1~ in.
U.L. listed sprayed fiber on metal lath. Lath sup-
ported not less than 4~ in. from underside of steel
floor. Other details as specified in U.L. listing", under
Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design
N9. 6-4 HR. ..,............,'....................,..............."..................,
1~ in. concrete plus ~ in. cement mortar finish, on top
of cellular steel units. Ceiling of 1 in. gypsum-vermicu-
lite plaster proportioned within the range of 3~ to
5~ cu. ft. vermiculite per 100 lb. gypsum, on metal
lath secured not le~s than 2 in. below bottom of
cellular steel units. (9)
Steel
Unitsu,
Cellular
.i,
Rating
Construction
of
Details
T:rpe
4 hI'S. t
in.
in. units, minimum face shell thickness 1~ in., mini-
mum end shell thiclmess 1 5/16 in. and minimum
interior web thiclmess 3 1/16 in., unplastered. Concrete
studs built into wall on 2 ft. centers by filling every
third cell along the length of the wall. Each stud
reinforced with one ~ in. round bar. (74) ...
side
60)
Aggregate.
unplastered. (9,
Expanded Shale
units 60p'o solid
10
8
Concrete
Masonry
Units
2 hI's..
2 hI'S. *
1~ hI'S..
1~ hI'S..
in.
with ~
with ~
units 61p'o solid; unplastered. (9,60)
units 76% solid; plastered on both sides
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (9, 60)......
Expanded Slag Aggregate.
10 in. unplastered cavity wall of two 4 in.
apart; units 63p'o solid. (9, 60)
on one
(60)
in. units 76% solid; plastered
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster.
in.
in.
in.
4
6
3
4 hrs.:j:
3 hrs.t
2 hI'S. *
in.
in. units 76p'o solid; unplastered. (9, 60)
in. units 61% solid; unplastered. (9, 60)
in. units 50% solid; plastered on' one side with ~ in.
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (9,60)
wythes 2
6
6
6
,I
'~~
I
2 hI'S..
2 hI'S..
2 hI'S..
in.
in.
with ~
with ~
in. units 76% solid; plastered on one side
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (9, 60)......
in. units 76% solid; plastered on both sides
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (9, 60)"....
in. units 63% solid; plastered on one side
1:3 gypsum sand and plaster. (9, 60)..,..
in.
4
3
1~ hrs..
1 hr..
in.
with ~
60)
4
units 63% solid; unplastered.
Pumice Aggregate.
lOin. units 60% solid; unplastered. (60)
4 in. units 63% solid; unplastered. (9, 60)
(9,
4
t.
4 hrs.t
hr.
3 hrs.t
2 hrs.t
Calcareous
8 in. unplastered units,
8 in. unplastered units,
4 in. units 63 % solid; plastered on both sides
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (9, 61)....
in.
Gravel Aggregate.
78% solid. (61)
57% solid.
(61)
~
1~ hI'S..
in.
in.
with ~
hr.t
load bearing with noncombustible or no members
Letter superscripts
1
2 hI'S.
is
2
the rating
page 47,
wythes
wal
of two 4
61)
refer to notes,
the
into
10 in. unplastered cavity wall
apart; units 63% solid. (9,
frameda
members
· Nonbearing. t Rated as
framed into wal1.
:j: With combustible
4 hI'S.
Letter superscripts refer to notes, page 47,
23
,e
e
34
Letter superscripts
refer to notes,
22
page 47.
..
.
35
· Nonbearing. t Rated as
framed into the wall.
t With combustible members frameda into the wall,
~ With combustible members frameda into the wall,
Letter superscripts refer to notes,
the rating
the rating
page 47.
2 in. perlite concrete (minimum thickness over cells) on
top of U.L. listed cellular steel floor units. Ceiling
of 1 in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster on metal lath, with back plaster on lath to be
not less than 1 in. Lath supported not less than 3 in.
from underside of steel floor units. Plaster mix:
scratch and brown coat 2 to 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite
to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Other details as specified
in U.L. listingc, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No, 3-4 BY
Steel
Unitsu,
Cellular
2 in. cinder concrete (minimum thickness over cells)
on top of U.L. listed cellular steel floor units. Ceil-
ing ~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-
vermiculite plaster on metal lath supported by ~ in.
furring channels attached to 1 ~ in. runner channels
secured to bottom of floor units. Plaster mix:
scratch coat 2 to 2~ cu. ft. and brown coat 3 to 3Ya
cu. ft. U.L. listed vermiculite to 100 Ibs. fibered gyp_
sum. Other details as specified in U.L. listingc, under
Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design
No. 1-4 HR
-1
hr::.
2
3
3
load bearing
is 2 hrs.
is 2Va hrs.
with noncombustihle,
Or
10 memhers,
3 hrs..
1Va hrs..
1 hr..
1 hr..
4 hrs.
.~
t
,(
Gypsum
Block
Partitions
3
3
4
4 hrs..
3 hrs..
3 hrs..
4
Va
in.
1
:3
6 in. unplastered
brick. (60)
in. concrete on steel plate deck. Ceiling of ~ in
1 :2, 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster on metal lath. (33)
1
hr.
1 Va in. concrete on steel plate deck. Ceiling of ~ in.
1 :2, 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster on metal lath. (9)
2 in. concrete on steel plate deck. Ceiling of ~ in. 1 :2,
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster, or 1 in. 1 :2, 1 :2Va
portland cement and salld plaster with 10 lb. hydrated
lime added per bag cement, on metal lath. (9) ......."",
2 in. concrete on steel plate deck. Ceiling of 2 in. inter-
locking ullreinforced gypsum tile supported on upper
face of lower beam flange, with Va ill. 1:3 gypsum
and sand plaster. (9)
1Va hrs.
2 hrs.
2 hrs.
.
.
Concrete
Masonry
Units,
Brick-faced
Cinder Aggregate.
4 in. units 63% solid; plastered on one side with Va ill.
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster; other side faced with
3~ in. brick. (9, 60)
Expanded Shale Aggregate.
6 in. units 61 % solid; unplastered; faced
brick. (9, 60) .......'"".,"'.,....,......'.,...."........
Expanded Slag Aggregate.
4 in. units 63% solid; plastered on one side with Va in.
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster; other side faced with
3~ in. brick. (9, 60) ".......".......".....,'........,.,'...................
Pumice Aggregate.
4 in. U.L. listed concrete blocks, alternate courses rein-
forced; unplastered; faced with 4 in. brick. 1 in.
air space between block and brick. Other details as
specified in U.L. listingc, under Walls and Partitions-
Design No. 7-4 HR
units, 61 %
solid
faced
with 2~
in.
4 hrs. t
4 hrs.t
in. hollow blocks plastered each side with
gypsum and sand plaster. (6, 83)....,.....,..
in. hollow blocks plastered each side as above. (6, 82)
in. solid blocks, unplastered. (6) ..............................,.......
in. hollow blocks plastered on either side with Va in.
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (45, 89) ..................'.......
in. hollow blocks plastered on one side with ~ in.
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (44)
in. solid blocks, unplastered. (6, 9)
in. hollow blocks, unplastered. (9)
4 hrs.t
with 2~
4 hrs.t
4 hrs.t
Cinder Aggregate.
10 in. unplastered cavity wall of two 4 in.
apart; units 63% solid. (9, 60) .."".....,.....
6 in. units 61 % solid; plastered on one side with Va in.
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (9, 60)""",........,..........,.
6 in. units 50% solid; plastered on both sides with Va in.
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (9, 60)",......"...................
6 in. units un plastered, 61 % solid. (9, 60) .".....,..."...,'.',..
Siliceous Gravel Aggregate.
12 in. unplastered wall, consisting of 8 in. units 57%
solid and 4 in. units 67% solid. (9, 61)"..........,.............
12 in. units 58% solid; plastered both sides with Va in.
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (61) ...""'...",,,......,...,.....
4 in. units 740/0 solid; plastered on both sides with Va in.
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (9, 61),...."..",..,......".....
in.
2 in. concrete on steel plate deck. Ceiling of 1~ in. l:1
gypsum and sand plaster, on metal lath; or ceiling of
1~ in. 1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on ribbed metal
lath. (9)
2~ hrs.
1
hr.*
4 hrs.t
4 hrs.~
2~ in. concrete on steel plate deck. Ceiling of 1
gypsum and sand plaster on metal lath. (9)
2~ in. cinder concrete plus ~ in. cement mortar finish,
on steel plate deck. Ceiling of 1~ in. 1:1 gypsum
and sand plaster on metal lath. (9)
in.
1:2
2~ hrs.
3 hrs.
Steel
Plate
Deck on
Steel
Joists
(or Beams)u
2~ in. concrete on steel plate deck. Ceiling of 1 in.
unsanded, wood-fibered gypsum plaster, or ~ in. gyp-
sum-vermiculite plaster proportioned within the range
of 3Va to 5Ya cu. ft. vermiculite per 100 lb. gypsum,
on metal lath. (9)
3 hrs.
2 hrs.*
1~ hrs..
3 hrs.t
2 hrs.*
Concrete
Masonry
Units
wythes
2
in.
.
Type
Fire Resistance
Details
Ratings
of
Based on Standard Fire
Construction
Tests
Rating
.
~
e
Type
Fire
WALLS
Resistance
Details of
AND PARTITIONS-Continued
Ratings Based on Standard Fire
Construction
Tests
Rating
FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued
FmE
.STANCE
RATINGS
e
e
FIRE
RESISTANCE tTINGS
FIRE RESISTANC~"'TINGS
,e
e
FIRE IISTANCE
FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Based on Standard Fire
RATINGS
WALLS AND PARTITIONS-Continued
Tests
Ratings
.
.
Tests
Based on Standard Fire
Ratings
Resistance
Fire
.,
...
Rating
hr.
2 in. concrete floor slabY on metal lath. Ceiling of Yz in.
gypsum-perlite plaster, on ~ in. perforated gypsum
lath attached to ~ in. furring channels spaced 16 in.
on centers, with special wire clips at edges of lath
and midpoint of lath width at each channel. Plaster
mix: 2Yz cu. ft. perlite to 100 lbs. gypsum. (65) ,.....,.
2 in. concrete slabY on metal lath. Ceiling of ~ in.
gypsum-perlite plaster, applied to ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath attached to ~ in. furring channels spaced
16 in. on centers, with steel wire clips giving con-
tinuous support to lath. Plaster mix: 2Yz cu. ft.
perlite to 100 lbs. gypsum. (65)
Construction
Details of
T1Pe
Steel
Joists
(Fabricated
from Rolled
Sections or
from Strip
or Sheet
Steel) or
Steel
Beamsu
..
"
Ratiug
Construction
3 in. gypsum plank with tongue and groove joints
grouted with gypsum, surfaced one side with 20 gauge
corrugated steel panels bolted to gypsum at top and
bottom with Yz in. bolts 6 in. on centers. Plank made
with 10 per cent wood sawdust, and reinforced with
2 in. wire mesh placed Yz in. from each face. (34) ,.......
Details of
Type
Gypsum
Plank
Partitions
4 hrs..
4~ in. gypsum plank with tongue and groove joints
grouted with gypsum. Plank cast on 22 gauge cor-
rugated (V beam) sheets which form one face. Plank
made with 10 per cent wood sawdust, and reinforced
with 4 in. wire mesh placed Yz in. from gypsum face.
(35)
hr.
I
2 in. reinforced concrete slab on metal lath. Ceiling
of ~ in. U.L. listed wallboardcc, secured to ~ in.
furring channels spaced 16 in. on centers, with sheet-
metal screws, or to ~ in. nailing channels with 1 ~ in.
nails. Joints in wallboard not taped or cemented.
Other details as specified in U.L. listingc under Floor
and Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 2-1 HR.
4 hrs,.
2 in. gypsum planks with tongue and groove joints
grouted with plaster. Planks cast on 22 gauge gal-
vanized sheets which form one face, and made with
10% wood sawdust, reinforced with 4 in. wire mesh
placed Yz in. from gypsum face. (68)
hr.
2 in. reinforced concrete slab on metal lath. Ceiling of
~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster applied to ~ in. U.L.
listed perforated gypsum lath attached to ~ in. fur-
ring channels spaced 16 in. on centers, with inter-
locking wire clips giving continuous support to lath.
Abutting ends of lath secured to each other with
metal finger clips. Plaster mix: scratch coat and
brown coat 2Yz cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite to 100 lbs.
fibered gypsum. Other details as specified in U.L.
listingc, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Construc-
tions-Design No. 7-1 HR.
.
.
hr..
1
in. monolithic wall of U.L. listed cement, steel rein-
forced, constructed as specified in U.L. listingc under
Walls and Partitions-Design No. 4-4 HR and as de-
scribed in detail in U.L. report R 3208 dated July 2,
1951
8
Monolithic
Cement
4 hrs.
hr.
1
~ in. wood flooring nailed to wood sleepers on cover-
ing of asbestos paper weighing 14 lb. per 100 sq. ft.
cemented on sheet steel deck. Ceiling of ~ in. 1 :2,
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster on metal lath. (9) """..
hr.
1
2 in. reinforced vermiculite concrete on steel plate deck.
Ceiling of 1 in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster, (measured
from face of lath) on metal lath supported at least
7 in. below underside of steel floor plates, and spaced
at least 2Yz in. from steel members. Plaster mix:
scratch coat 2 to 2Yz cu. ft. and. brown coat 3 to 3Yz
cu. ft. U.L. listed vermiculite to 100 lbs. fibered gyp-
sum. Other details as specified in U.L. listingc, under
Floor or Roof and Ceiling Constructions-Design
No. 2-4 HR.
Steel
Plate
Deck on
Steel
Joists
(or Beams)u
f
2Yz hrs..
hr..
I
5 in. wall consisting of four layers of Yz in, gypsum
wallboardcc applied so that joints in adjacent layers
are staggered. lYz in. 18 gauge fluted metal facing
sheets with tongue and groove, applied each side of
core, and bolted together with ~ in. x 20 bolts. Wall
secured to steel angles at floor, wall and ceiling with
~ in. x 20 bolts. (100) ....................,........,...................,......
3~ in. wall composed of rockwool lined steel panels and
a middle layer of asbestos cement boards, secured to
steel channels at floor, wall and ceiling. Other de-
tails as specified in U.L. listingc, under 'Valls and
Partitions-Design No. 8-1 HR.
Partition
Panel
Units
;.
'"
I
4 hrs.
2Yz in. concrete on steel plate deck. Ceiling of 1 in.
gypsum-vermiculite plaster proportioned within the
range of 3Yz to 5Yz cu. ft. vermiculite per 100 lb.
gypsum on metal lath. (9)
4 hrs.
in. concrete on steel plate deck. Ceiling of 2 in. re-
inforced gypsum tile with Yz in. 1:3 gypsum and sand
plaster. Tile clipped to channels which are clipped to
joists. (9)
2
8 in. hollow units of expanded slag concrete, 52% solid,
minimum wall and web thicknesses 1 Yz in., unplas-
teredo Units laid vertically on lintel with flange of
ring anchors in center groove of units at the joints
on the lintel. 3 in. paper tubing set on top of ring
anchors and pressed into joint. Joints grouted to
paper tubing. ~ in. horizontal reinforcing rod in-
serted through the exposed section of ring anchors
and tied in place. Floor strap anchors tied to rein-
forcing rod. All steel covered with concrete. (98)
Precast
Concrete
Wall
Sections
4 hrs.
4 hrs.
page 47.
to notes,
refer
21
Letter superscripts
e
e
page 47.
refer to notes,
36
Letter superscripts
· N onbearing.
I
I ~ hrs. I
I
I
It
!
'~
:
1 ~ hrs.
1 ~ hrs.
hr. e
-
Letter superscripts refer to notes, page 47.
20
Letter superscripts refer to notes, page 47.
37
Steel 2~ in. concrete slabY on metal lath. Ceiling : ~ in.
Joists sprayed asbestos fiber on metal lath. (33) ..................
(Fabricated 2~ in. concrete floor slabY on metal lath, or 2 in. re-
fro~ Rolled inforced gypsum tile covered with ~ in. mortar finish,
Sectlons.or on joists. Ceiling of ~ in. 1:2 1:3 gypsum and sand
froSh St~IP plaster on metal lath. (9) ",..:.."".......,...........",...,......",.
S~eel)e~r 2~ in. floor slab consisting of 2 in. reinforced gypsum
Steel concrete on ~ in. gypsum form boards. Ceiling of
Beamsu ~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster on ~ in. perforated gyp_
sum lath attached to ~ in. furring channels spaced
12 in. on centers, with interlocking wire clips giving
continuous support to lath. 14 gauge galvanized wire
secured diagonally to clips or channels at each inter-
section. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown
coat 3 cu. ft. perlite to 100 Ibs. gypsum. (88)) ............
2 in. limestone concrete on paper-backed wire fabric.
Ceiling of ~ in. thick D.L. listed perforated acous-
tical tile attached to joists with special clips and
suspension splines. Special clips attached to :l4
in. channels spaced 4 ft. on center. 4 in. D.L. listed
insulating batts placed on top of unexposed surface
of acoustical tile. Other details as specified in D.L.
listingc, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Construc-
tions-Design No. 1-2 HR. ..............,.....................,...........
2 in. concrete floor slabY on metal lath, or 2 in. rein-
forced gypsum tile, on joists. Ceiling of :l4 in. 1 :2,
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster, or ~ in. 1 :2, 1:3
portland cement and sand plaster with 3 lb. asbestos
fiber and 15 lb. hydrated lime per bag cement, on
metal lath. (9) ........,..".......,.,.....,..",.........,..."...........",..."..
2 in. concrete slabY on metal lath. Ceiling of 1 in.
gypsum-perlite plaster, applied to ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath attach to ~ in. furring channels spaced
16 in. on centers, with interlocking wire clips giving
continuous support to lath. Plaster mix: scratch coat
2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. perlite to 100 Ibs.
fibered gypsum. (65) ..................,.__..,..............,..................
2 in. floor slab, consisting of 1~ in. reinforced gypsum
concrete on ~ in. gypsum form boards. Ceiling
of 1711 in. gypsum-perlite plaster on ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath, attached to ~ in. furring channels.
spaced 12 in. on centers, with interlocking wire clips
giving continuous support to lath. Plaster mix: scratch
coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. perlite to 100 Ibs.
fibered gypsum. (65) ...........,...................,.......""...............
2 in. concrete slabY on metal lath. Ceiling: ~ in.
sprayed asbestos fiber on metal lath. (33) ...,...".........
2 in. (measured from face of lath) reinforced concrete
slab on metal lath. Ceiling of ~ in. D.L. listed wan
boardcc or ~ in. D.L. listed coreboardcc, secured to
~ in. furring channels, with sheet-metal screws, or
~ in, nailing channels with 1 ~ in. nails. Joints in
wallboard or coreboard not taped or cemented. Other
detaiis as specified in U.L. listingc, under Floor or
Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 5-1 HR.
.
· Nonbearing.
Solid
Gypsum
Board
Partitions
(Without
steel
framing)
2 in. total thickness consisting of 1 in. D.L. listed inter-
locking laminated gypsum coreboard placed vertically
and set in floor and ceiling runners made of 20 gauge
sheet metal. ~ in. D.L. listed wallboard applied to
the coreboard vertically and secured to the coreboard
by an adhesive coating. Wallboard joints butted and
staggered with joints of coreboard. Outside joints
covered with tape and joint finisher. Other details
as specified in D.L. Iistingc, under Walls and Parti-
tions-Design No. 3-2 HR
2 hrs..
Type
Details
FIRE ISISTANCE RATINGS
FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
of
Construction
1~ hrs.
2 hrs.
Rating
2 hrs.
2 hrs.
2 hrs.
.
e
.
"
(,
1\
.
e
Shotcrete
Precast
Concrete
Wan
Sections
Type
FIRE RESISTANC~TINGS
WALLS AND PARTITIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
Detail. of Construction I Rating
6 in. hollow panels of pumice concrete; core holes
3~ in. to 3~ in., face shell thickness 1 in. to 1~ in.
Panels held in alignment and secured together by
removing top 5 in. of webs in each panel, and core
holes, joints and top 5 in. filled with 1 :5.33 cement
salld grout. Joints and top of panels reinforced with
~ in. reinforcing bar. (101) .............................................. 4 hrs..
2 in. precast concrete slabs of expanded shale aggregate,
16 in. by 8 ft. laid horizontally and attached each side
of 8 in. steel columns spaced 011 8 ft. centers. Hori-
zontal joints shiplap type, sealed with mastic. Ver-
tical joints butt type centered over columns and calked
with asbestos wicking and sealed with mastic. (77) 2~ hrs..
6~ in. solid wall composed of 1:4 portland cement and
perlite concrete aggregate mixture, applied with spray
gun equipment to paper-backed wire fabric, and re-
inforced with 16 gauge 2 in. by 2 in. welded wire
mesh fastened to 3~ in. steel channel studs. Other
details as specified in D.L. listing.: under Walls and
Partitions-Design No. 5-4 HR. ".........".,......",.........,.. 4 hrs.
4~ in. solid wall composed of 1 cu. ft. portland cement
to 4 cu. ft. D.L. listed vermiculite plaster aggregate,
applied with spray machine equipment to paper-backed
wire fabric. Wall reinforced with 1~ in. steel chan-
nel studs 2 ft. on centers and spaced 1~ in. from
paper-backed wire fabric. Other details as specified in
D.L. Iistingc, under Walls and Partitions-Design
No. 6-5 HR. ,.....................,..,................,.,..................,.......... 4 hrs..
6 in. solid wall composed of 1:4 portland cement and
sand mixture, applied with spray gun equipment.
Wall reinforced with ~ in. round bars on 12 in.
centers each way at the mid-thiclmess of the wall.
(72) .......,.....,',.."......,.",..,..."...................""..,..,..."................. 3 hrs..
2~ in. total thickness of 4~:1:7 portland cement, saw-
dust and sand mortar sprayed on 4 in. by 4 in. welded
wire fabric on steel studs. (9) 1 hr..
Ratinc
-
3 hrs.
3 hrs.
3 brs.
3 hrs.
3 brs.
2~ hrs.
2~ hrs.
2~ hrs.
2% in. reinforced gypsum concrete on :Ji in. gypsum
plaster board supported by joists of which the lower
% is encased in precast gypsum and the upper ~ ex-
tends into the floor slab; 1 in, minimum fireproofing
on joists. Ceiling of ~ in. 1:1 gypsum and sand
plaster on metal lath. (22) ."..........,.,...,...,."....'"""........"
2 in. concrete slabY on metal lath. Ceiling of ~ in.
gypsum-perlite plaster, on :Ji in. perforated gyp-
sum lath attached to ~ in. furring channels spaced
16 in. on centers, with special wire clips giving con-
tinuous support to lath. Plaster reinforced with wire
mesh. Wire mesh attached to furring channels at
joints in lath. Plaster mix: 2~ cu. ft. perlite to
100 Ibs. gypsum. (65) .................."..........".,......................
2 jn. concrete slabY on metal lath. Ceiling of % in.
gypsum-perlite plaster on ~ in. perforated gyp-
sum lath attached to ~ in. furring channels spaced
12 in. on centers, with interlocking wire clips giving
continuous support to lath. Plaster reinforced with
14 gauge galvanized wire secured diagonally to clips
or channels at each intersection. Plaster mix: scratch
coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. perlite to 100 Ibs.
gypsum. ( 65) ......................,...........,.,...................................
2 in. concrete floor slabY on metal lath. Ceiling of %
in. g}'psum perlite plaster on :Ji in. perforated gypsum
lath attached to ~ in. furring channels spaced 12 in.
on centers with special wire clips at edges of lath
and third points of lath width at each channel. Plaster
mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft.
to 100 Ibs. gypsum. (65) ................................................,...
2~ in. perlite concrete slabY on paper-backed wire
fabric. Ceiling of ~ in. gypsum perlite plaster (meas-
ured from face of lath) on metal lath secured to joists
with wire clips. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft.
and brown coat 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite to 100 Ibs.
fibered gypsum. Other details as specified in U.L.
listing<:, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Construc-
tions-Design No. 6-3 HR. ".....,'...........,............',.,.......
2~ in. concrete slabY on metal lath. Ceiling: 1 in.
sprayed asbestos fiber on metal lath. (33) .............,......
2 in. concrete floor slabY on metal lath, or 2 in. rein-
forced gypsum tile covered with 34 in. mortar, on
joists. Ceiling of 1 in. unsanded wood-fibered gypsum
plaster, or ~ in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster propor-
tioned within the range ot 3~ to 5~ cu. ft. ver-
miculite per 100 lb. gypsum, on metal lath. (9) ",.......
2 in. concrete slabY on metal lath. Ceiling of ~ in.
gypsum-perlite plaster applied to ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath secured to ~ in. furring channels spaced
16 in. on centers, with interlocking wire clips giving
continuous support to lath. 14 gauge galvanized wire
secured diagonally to clips or channels at each int~r-
section. Plaster mix: 2~ cu. ft. perlite to 100 Ibs.
gypsum. (65)
FIRE RESISTANCE i.INGS
FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
Construction
of
Details
Steel
Joists
(Fabricated
from Rolled
Sections or
from Strip
or Sheet
Steel) or
Steel
Beamsn
Type
e
.
"
I
.
.
"i
~
e
.
-
FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS
WALLS AND PARTITIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
:
Type Details of Construction I Ratil18'
-
Solid 1~ in. minimum total thickness consisting of 1 in. U.L.
Gypsum listed, laminated gypsum coreboard erected vertically
Board and set in floor and ceiling runners made of 20 gauge
Partitions sheet metal. Vertical joints of coreboard butted and
(Without held with steel tee clips. Outer layer of :Ji in. or
steel ~ in. U.L. listed wallboard applied vertically or hori-
framing) zontally and secured to adhesive coated coreboard.
Vertical joints in wallboard butted and staggered with
joints of coreboard. Outside joints covered with tape
and joint finisher. Other details as specified in U.L.
listingc, under Walls and Partitions-Design No.
9-1 HR. 1 hr..
'.
"
"
,
I
..
I
i
f
'Ii
'l
f
I:
.
brs..
2 hrs..
2 hrs..
2 hrs..
1~ hrs..
1 hr..
1 hr..
1 hr..
1 hr..
1 hr..
1 hr..
hr.*
2~
2 hrs..
2Ya in. total thickness of neat gypsum plaster on metal
lath attached to ~ in. or 1 in. steel channels. (9) .......,
2~ in. total thickness of gypsum-perlite plaster, on
metal lath attached to ~ in. steel channels. Plaster
, mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft.
U.L. listed perlite plaster aggregate to 100 lbs. fibered
gypsum. Other details as specified in U.L. listing<:
under Walls and Partitions-Design No. 2-2 HR. "....
2~ in. total thickness of gypsum-vermiculite plaster on
metal lath attached to ~ in. steel channels. Plaster
mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. of
vermiculite to 100 Ibs. gypsum. (79) ........""......,.,.......
2 in. total thickness of unsanded, wood-fibered gypsum
plaster on metal lath on steel studs. (94) ......,...........
2~ in. total thickness of 1 :~, 1:~ gypsum and sand
plaster on metal lath on steel studs. (9) "....,......'"........
2 in. total thickness of 1 :~, 1:~ gypsum and sand
plaster on metal lath attached to ~ in. or 1 in. steel
channels. (9) ..,..................................",........",.....................
1~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster on metal lath attached to
~ in. steel channels, Plaster mix for scratch and
brown coats 2~ cu. ft. perlite to 100 Ibs. fibered
gypsum. (66) ...,..............,....""...,.......,......,..."........,',.,.....,....
234 in. total thickness of ~ in. plaster of 86 parts
gypsum, 12 parts sawdust and 2 parts asbestos fiber
each side ~ in. asbestos lath (medium), with sheet-
steel H supports. (7) ""..".........,........,.......,........,....,.......,...
2~ in. total thickness of 1 :2, 1:3 gypsum and sand
plaster on metal lath on steel studs. (7, 9),...........,..",..
2 in. total thickness of 1 :2, 1:2 gypsum and sand
plaster on metal lath on steel studs. (40) ....",..,.....",..,.
2~ in. total thickness of ~ in. 1:1 gypsum and sand
plaster each side of ~ in. gypsum lath; steel stud
supports. (15) "......,.....,.,..........,......""........,.."...............,.....
2~ in. total thickness of ~ in. 1 :2~ gypsum and sand
plaster each side 1 in. board of shredded wood bound
with magnesium oxysulfate cement, with sheet steel
H supports. (7, 9) .......,."................,..."..."......,...................,.
2 in. total thickness of 1:1 gypsum and sand plaster on
metal lath on steel studs. (9)
Solid
Plaster
Partitions
(S teel
framing
embedded
in plaster)
Letter superscripts refer to notes, page 47.
19
.
e
* Nonbearing.
Letter superscripts refer to notes, page 47.
38
refer to notes,
39
refer
18
Letter superscripts
to notes,
page 47.
., L__
.J 1110.
.
e
· Nonbearing.
One side sheathed with 1 in. magnesium oxysulphate
wood fiberboard attached to studs, 1 in. air space and
3~ in. brick secured with metal ties to studs every
fifth course. Other side faced with ~ in. gypsum-
vermiculite plaster on metal lath secured directly to
studs. (9)
Letter superscripts
page 47.
2 hrs.
3 hn.
3 hrs.
'l
,~
:
Steel Stud
Brick-
Veneered
Wallsz
One side sheathed with paper-backed wire lath and
3~ in. brick veneer secured by filling 1 in. space
between brick and lath with mortar. Other side faced
with 1 in. paper-enclosed mineral-wool blanket weigh-
ing 0.6 lb. per sq. ft. attached to studs j metal lath
laid over blanket and attached to studs, covered with
~ in. 1 :2, 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (9).........,....,.
One side with ~ in. gypsum sheathing nailed to 2 5/16
in. studs, and 3~ in. brick veneer secured with metal
ties to studs every fifth course. Other side ~ in.
1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath. (78) ",.""'......,..,.,,,,'...,..
2 hrs.
4 hrs.
3 hrs.
2 in. total thiclmess of ~ in. 1 :1, 1:2 gypsum and sand
plaster each side ~ in. gypsum lath inserted at top
and bottom in steel runners. (41 )
1
hr..
in. total thickness of 13/16 in. I, 1:2 gypsum and
sand plaster each side ~ in. gypsum lath inserted at
top and bottom in steel runners. (37)
hr..
3 hrs.
.
.
2
2 in. total thickness consisting of ~ in. U.L. listed
gypsum lath, faced on both sides with ~ in. 1:1
gypsum and sand plaster. Lath set into steel channels
at floor, ceiling and abutting walls, as specified in
U.L. listingc under Walls and Partitions-Design
No. 4-1 HR
1
hr..
Steel
Joists
(Fabricated
from Rolled
Sections or
from Strip
or Sheet
Steel) or
Steel
Beamsu
2~ in. concrete slabY on metal lath, or 2 in. reinforced
gypsum slabs covered with ~ in. mortar, on joists.
Ceiling of 1 in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster propor-
tioned within the range of 3~ to 5~ cu. ft. vermiculite
per 100 lb. gypsum, on metal lath. (9) ......'...."..............,
2 in. concrete slaby on metal lath, or 2 in. precast
reinforced portland cement concrete or gypsum slabs,
on joists, the precast slabs to be finished with top
coating of ~ in. mortar. Ceiling of 2 in. reinforced
gypsum tile anchored to joists with metal ties and
covered with ~ in. 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (9)
2 in concrete slabY on metal lath. Ceiling of 1 in.
gypsum-perlite plaster on ~ in. perforated gyp-
sum lath attached to ~ in. furring channels spaced
12 in. on centers with interlocking wire clips giving
continuous support to lath. Plaster reinforced with
20 ga. wire mesh. Wire mesh attached to furring
channels at joints in lath. Plaster mix: scratch coat
2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. perlite to 100 Ibs.
gypsum. (65)
4 hrs.
2 in. total thickness of 1 :2 gypsum and sand plaster, ap-
plied equally each side of metal lath attached top and
bo~tom to steel runners. (67)
1
hr..
4 hrs.
2 in. total thickness consisting of ~ in. gypsum lath,
faced on both sides with ~ in. gypsum and sand
plaster. Top of lath attached to steel ceiling runner,
and bottom engaged in groove of a wooden floor
runner impregnated with fire retardant chemicals.
Plaster mix for scratch coat 1:1 and brown coat 1:2
gypsum and sand. (54)
1
hr..
2 in. total thickness consisting of ~ in. gypsum lath,
faced on both sides with ~ in. gypsum-,perlite plaster.
Scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. of
perlite to 100 Ibs. gypsum. (63)
1~ hrs..
4 hrs.
Solid
Plaster
Partitions
(Without
steel
framing)
2~ in. total thickness consisting of ~ in. gypsum lath,
faced on both sides with 1 in. gypsum-vermiculite
plaster. Scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft.
vermiculite to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. (79) ................
2
hrs..
.'
Type
DetaU. of Construction
Rating
Type
Details
of
Construction
Rating
Fire Resistance
Ratings
Based on Standard Fire Tests
.
,~
.'
Fire
WALLS
Resistance
Ratings
Based on Standard Fire
Tests
FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued
FIRE
-
RESISTANCE
RATINGS
2 in. concrete floor slabY on metal lath, or 2~ in. re-
inforced portland cement concrete plank with joints
thoroughly grouted, on joists. Ceiling of 1 in. gypsum-
vermiculite plaster (measured from face of lath) O!l
metal lath. Plaster mix: 4:1 by weight or approx.
100 Ibs, fibered gypsum to 2~ cu. ft. vermiculite.
(32) .......................,........,'..",...,.............,.....,...,.",...................
2~ in. concrete floor slabv on metal lath, or 2 in. re-
inforced gypsum tile covered with ~ in. mortar, on
joists. Ceiling of 1 in. unsanded wood-fibered gyp-
sum plaster, or ~ in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster pro-
portioned within the range of 3~ to 5~ cu. ft. ver-
miculite per 100 lb. gypsum, on metal lath. (9) _"......
2~ in. reinforced gypsum concrete on ~ in. gypsum
plaster board on joists. or 2~ in. cinder concrete on
metal floor lath on joists. Ceiling of 2 in. .pre-
cast, reinforced gypsum ceiling tile suspended ~ in.
below 1 in. furring channels in turn suspended ~ in.
below joists; gypsum ceiling tile corrugated on under
surface for effective plaster bond; all joints grouted
with gypsum; ceiling finished with ~ in. 1:1 gypsum
and sand plaster. ( 17) ........._..........................................
2~ in. reinforced gypsum concrete on ~ in. gypsum
plaster board on joists. Ceiling of 2~ in. reinforced
gypsum concrete attached to bottoms of joists, plas-
tered with ~ in. gypsum and sand plaster; reinforce-
ment 1 in. above bottom of ceiling slab. (18) ."....,...:..
2 in. precast, reinforced gypsum slabs on joists; joints
grouted with gypsum. Ceiling of 2 in. precast, rein-
forced gypsum attached to bottoms of joists; joints
grouted with gypsum; plastered with ~ in. gypsum
. t t. ,,,^,
ana sana pICLsu:r. \~VJ
e
e
AND PARTITIONS-Continued
FIRE RESISTANCE ITINGS
Ie
FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS
;e
e
FIRE tSISTANCE
FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS-Continued
Resistance Based on Standard Fire
.
e
RATINGS
AND PARTITIONS-Continued
Based on Standard Fire
WALLS
Resistance
Tests
Ratings
Fire
+'
Tests
Ratings
Fire
4~ in. slab with expanded slag aggregate. t:l
tection to steel reinforcement. (62-A) ,.....,.....
6 in. slab with air-cooled slag aggregate. 1 in. pro-
tection to steel reinforcement. (62- J) ............................
5 in. slab with limestone aggregate, with electrical race-
ways and junction boxesdd. Ceiling of 1 in. (meas-
ured from face of lath) gypsum-vermiculite plaster on
metal lath supported from the bottom of the concrete
slab. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown
coat 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed vermiculite to 100 lbs. fibered
gypsum. (62-K) .....,........,......,.......................,..................,.
3 in. slab with limestone aggregate. Ceiling of 1 in.
(measured from face of lath) gypsum-vermiculitll
plaster on metal lath supported from the bottom of
the concrete slab. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft.
and brown coat 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed vermiculite to
100 lbs. fibered gypsum. (62-K) .....,..............................
4 in. slab with limestone aggregate, with electrical race-
ways and junction boxesee. Ceiling of t:l in. (meas-
ured from face of lath) gypsum-vermiculite plaster
on metal lath supported not less than 11 ~ in.
from the bottom of the concrete slab. Plaster mix:
scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. U.L.
listed vermiculite to 100 lbs. fibered gypsum. (62-1)
2 in. slab with limestone aggregate. Ceiling of t:l in.
(measured from face of lath) gypsum-vermiculite
plaster on metal lath supported not less than 13~ in.
from the bottom of the concrete slab. Plaster mix:
scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. U.L.
listed vermiculite to 100 lbs. fibered gypsum. (62-1)
6 1 in.
Rating
4 hrs.
4 hrs.
pro-
in.
Construction
of
Details
Type
Reinforced
Concreteu
-I
I
Rating
Construetion
One side sheathed with 1 in. magnesium oxysulphate
wood fiber board attached to studs, 1 in. air space,
and 3t:l in. brick secured with metal ties to studs
every fifth course. Other side faced with ~ in. 1:2
gypsum and sand plaster on metal lath secured directly
to studs. (9)
of
Details
Type
Steel Stud
Brick-
Veneered
Wallsz
4 hrs.
1 ~ hrs.
One side sheathed with ~ in. wood fiberboard sheathing
next to studs; t:l in. air space formed with t:l in. by
1% in. wood strips placed over the fiberboard and
secured to the studs; paper-backed wire lath nailed
to these strips, 3t:l in. brick veneer held in place by
filling t:l in. space between brick and paper-backed
lath with mortar. Inside facing of t:l in. neat gypsum
plaster on metal lath attached to 5/16 in. wood strips
secured to edges of the studs. (9)
4 hrs.
1~ hrs.
2 hrs..
plaster on metal
gypsum
wood-fibered
~ in. unsanded,
lath. (7, 9)
1 1
Steel Stud
Hollow
Partitions,
Plastered
Finished
each side
as noted
2 brs..
sand plaster on metal lath.
gypsum and
:~
~,
in. 1
(9)
3 hrs.
.
.
2 hrs. t
on metal
1}i in. gypsum-perlite plaster on metal lath attached to
4 in. studs, and sufficient plaster pushed through the
lath to give an average total thiclmess of 1% in.
Plaster mix for scratch and brown coats, 100 lbs.
fibered gypsum to 3.7 cu. ft. perlite. (70)
plaster
gypsum
wood-fibered
in. unsanded,
lath. (7, 9)
3 hrs.
2 hrs..
1~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster on metal lath attached to
4 in. studs, and sufficient plaster pushed through the
lath to give an average total thiclmess of 1~ in.
Plaster mix for scratch and brown coats, 100 lbs.
fibered gypsum to 4 cu. ft. perlite. (71)......,...
protection
in. slab with traprock aggregate.
to steel reinforcement. (62-L)
3 hrs.
3 hrs.
pro-
in.
in. slab with crushed limestone aggregate.
tection to steel reinforcement. (62-B)
6
3 hrs.
pro-
1
in. slab with calcareous gravel aggregate.
tection to steel reinforcement. (62-C)
6
3 hrs.
pro-
in
1
aggregate..
(62-D)
in. slab with siliceous gravel
tection to steel reinforcement.
6
2~ hrs.
pro-
in.
t:l
4t:l in. slab with air-cooled sl~g aggregate.
tection to steel reinforcement (62-M)
I
'I
~.
~
f
2 hrs..
in. gypsum-perlite plaster on metal lath attached to
4 in. studs, and sufficient plaster pushed through the
lath to give an average total thickness of 1~ in.
Plaster mix for scratch and brown coats, 100 lbs.
fibered gypsum to 3.75 cu. ft. perlite. (73)".
2 brs..
in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster, on metal lath attached to 4 in. studs. Plaster
mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown 3 cu. ft. of per-
lite to 100 lbs. fibered gypsum. (55)
1
2 hrs.
t:l in. protec-
4t:l in. slab with trap rock aggregate.
tion to steel reinforcement. (62-E)
2 brs..
wood-fibered gypsum plaster on metal
t:l in. unsanded,
lath. (7, 9)
1
2 hrs.
pro-
in.
1
4t:l in. slab with calcareous gravel aggregate.
tection to steel reinforcement. (62-F)
2 hrs.
in.
1
4t:l in. slab with crushed limestone aggregate.
protection to steel reinforcement. (62-G) .......,
4t:l in. slab with siliceous gravel aggregate..
protection to steel reinforcement. (62-H)
2 brs.
in.
t:l
br.
1
pro-
t:l
page 47.
in. slab with siliceous gravel aggregate.
tection to steel reinforcement. (33)
to notes,
Letter superscripts refer
17
4
.
1~ hrs.
metal
1~ hrs..
on
sand plaster
and
gypsum
:~
1:~,
(9)
~ in.
lath.
of
in.
loaded not to exceed 5,120 lbs. per sq.
· Nonbearing. t For partitions
stud area the rating is 2~ hrs.
Letter
-
page 47.
refer to notes,
40
superscripts
FLOOR AND CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS
Concrete 6 in. hollow clay tile fillers laid end to end in rows 2~
and Tileu in. or more apart; reinforcing steel placed between
these rows, and concrete cast around and over tile to
a depth of 2 in. Ceiling plastered with ~ in. 1:3
gypsum and sand plaster. (33) '............,........."..".,"....,..., 2 hrs.
4 in. hollow clay tile fillers laid end to end in rows
2~ in. or more apart; reinforcing steel placed be-
tween these rows and concrete cast around and over
tile to a depth of 1~ in. Ceiling plastered with ~ in.
1:3 gypsum and sand plaster. (33) ,."..........,..""......,.... 1~ hrs.
4 in, hollow clay tile fillers laid end to end in rows 2~
in. or more apart; reinforcing steel placed between
these rows and concrete cast around them and over
tile to a depth of 1 ~ in. Ceiling unplastered. (33) _,.... 1 hr.
Gypsum 4 in. reinforced gypsum concrete slab supported on
,.. ._- pruperly protected fluor bea.i"iiS; li;infcrced ;~ in.
.:uaDU
above bottom of slab; ceiling plastered with ~ in.
gypsum and sand plaster. (18, 19) ...,..............,... 3 hrs.
Letter superscripts refer to notes, page 47.
16
. e · Nonbearing. t For partitions loaded not to exceed 5,120 Ibs. per sq. in. of
stud area the rating is 2~ hrs.
Letter superscripts refer to notes, page 47.
41
~.
0,)
1~ in. (minimum thickness) U.L. listed sprayed fiber
applied directly to steel. Other details as speci-
fied in U.L. listingc, under Column Protection-
Design No. 4-2 HR. .............................,.,__,......,____............
2~ in. plaster, two ~ in. layers 1 :1/10 :2~ (by vol-
ume) portland cement, lime and sand on metal lath;
~ in. air space between layers; no fill. (26) ."",...""",
~ in. 1 :2~ gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath boxed around column and fastened with
wire ties. (92) ,......,...,"......,..."",...........,....,.......,................
Three layers ~ in. gypsum wallboard. Inner two layers
cemented and clinch nailed together, cemented to col-
umn flanges and tied to column with double strands 18
gauge tie wire at 15 in. spacing. Outer layer cemented
to inner layer; corners cemented and taped. (69) ........
Two layers ~ in. gypsum wallboard. Inner layer
cemented to column flanges and tied to column with
double strands 18 gauge tie wire at 15 in. spacing.
Outer layer cemented to inner layer; corners cemented
and taped. (69) ',.......,..".........,".......................................,.,
~ in. 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster or 1 in. 1 :2~ port-
land cement and sand plaster, on metal lath. (9) ........
~ in. 1 :2~ gypsum and sand plaster, on ~ in. per-
forated gypsum lath boxed around column and fast-
ened with wire ties. (92) ............................",.'...,...",.",.
2 in. hollow clay tile with outside wire tiesq, with or
without concrete fill; ~ in. mortar between tile and
column. (26) ",.......,...........,"'....
1 in. plaster, 1 :1/10 :2~ (by
ment, lime and sand on metal
volume) portland
lath; no fill. (26)
ce-
2 hrs.
2 hrs.
1 ~ hrs.
1~ hrs.
I hr.
1 hr.
1 hr. ,.
hr.
hr.
.
Steel Stud
Hollow
Partitions,
Plastered
Finished
each side
as noted
~ in. 2 gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath, attached securely to 2~ in. studs by
special clips across lath. Abutting ends of lath secured
to each other with metal wire clips. Studs pressed
into ceiling track and fastened with two double strands
of tie-wires; attached to floor track with a double
strand of wire ties each side of track. (102) ......,.........
~ in. 1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath, attached securely to 3~ in. steel studs
by metal clips across lath. Abutting ends of lath
secured to each other with metal wire clips. Studs
fastened to ceiling and floor tracks with two double
strands of tie-wire at ceiling and floor. (103) ....,.....,.
~ in. 1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath attached securely to 2~ in. studs by tie
wires and wire clips. Abutting ends of lath secured
to each other with metal wire clips. Studs pressed
into ceiling track and fastened with two double strands
of tie wires; attached to floor track with a double
strand of wire ties on each side of track. (84) ..,.........
~ in. 1 :1/30 :2, I :1/30:3 portland cement, asbestos fiber
and sand plaster on metal lath. (9) ..........".".,...,...,...,...,...
~ in. 1 :2, 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster on metal lath.
(7, 9) .,."........,'...,.,....."......".",...",...','......."",....""......,...,.....
~ in. 1:2 portland cement and sand plaster in the
scratch coat, 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster in the
brown coat, on metal lath. (7) ...,......,.,.............,.."...",....,
~ in. I :2, 1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on metal lath.
(7, 9) .,..........,....,............,.........,...,'......,......,.......,.......,..........
3~ in. wall (total thickness) consisting of ~ in. gyp-
sum and sand plaster on ~ in. U.L. listed gypsum
lath attached tightly to ~ in. channel frame by wire
ties. ~ in. channels spaced 30 in. on centers hori-
zontally and 5 ft. on centers vertically; tied at inter-
sections. Channel frame attached to ~ in. runner
channels at ceiling, floor and wall edge. Plaster mix:
scratch coat 100 Ibs., brown coat 200 Ibs. sand to
100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Other details as specified in
U.L. Iistingc, under Walls and Partitions-Design
No. 10-1 HR. ............,.......,......,....,...",.......,_____......,..."........
~ in. 1:1 gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in. gypsum
lath on steel studs providing 1 ~ in. central air
space. (15) ",...'........,...",."""",'.,......"..,...""...,............,......
~ in. 1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath attached securely to 334 in. studs by metal
clips, abutting ends of lath secured to each other with
metal finger cli ps. ( 46) ......"...,'...............,..,.....'.....,..........
~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster on ~ in. perforated gypsum
lath attached securely to 4 in. studs by metal clips and
with abutting ends of lath secured to each other with
metal finger clips. Plaster mix for scratch and brown
coats, 100 Ibs. gypsum to 2~ cu. ft. perlite. (48) ,.......
Type
Steel
Columns
'_
FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS
COLUMN PROTECTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
-
Details of Construction Rating
.
e
~
,~
.'
e
Type
Details
.
FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS
WALLS AND PARTITIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
of
Protection
Rating
-
I~ hrs..
1~ hrs.*
1~ hrs.*
1 hr.*
1 hr.
I hr..
I hr.
1 hr..
1 hr..
I hr..
1 hr..
Ie
FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS
,e
e
COLUMN PROTECTIONS-Continued
Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
Fire
.
~.
It
e
FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS
WALLS AND PARTITIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
= =
Type Details of Protection :Rating
2 in. (minimum thickness) U.L. listed sprayed fiber
applied directly to steel. Other details as speci-
fied in U.L. listing<:, under Column Protection-De-
sign No. 7-3 HR. ...,............,......................................,..,.......
1~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum vermicu-
lite plaster on self-furring metal lath. Plaster mix:
scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. D.L.
listed vermiculite plaster aggregate to 100 Ibs. fibered
gypsum. No fill. Other details as specified in U.L.
Listing", under Column Protection - Design No.
8-3 HR. ,...........,.....,......,.......,.,.......,...,........,.........................,.
1~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster, on ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath boxed around column and fastened with
wire ties. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and
brown coat 3 cu. ft. perlite to '100 Ibs. gypsum. (92)
Two ~ in. layers of 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster or
two 1 in. layers of 1 :2Yz portland cement and sand
plaster, on metal lath, with ~ in. air space between
the two layers; no fill. (9) ....,......."".........,.".............,.
Four layers Yz in. gypsum wallboard. Inner three layers
cemented and clinch nailed together, cemented to col-
umn flanges and tied to column with double strands 18
gauge tie wire at 15 in. spacing. Outer layer cemented
to inner layer; corners cemented and taped. (69) ,...,...
1 in. gypsum-perlite plaster on ~ in. perforated gypsum
lath boxed around column and fastened with wire ties.
Plaster mix: 100 Ibs. gypsum to 2Yz cu. ft. perlite.
(92) ...................".................".,..,..,..............,.....,.................,...
2 in. gypsum block, solid; unplastered ; 1i in. 12
gauge metal cramps set in holes drilled in blocks to
link adjacent blocks of same course together; no
fill. (28) .""............""....."......,.....,....,....................."..,......
2 ht. gypsum block, solid; corrugated metal ties or
~ in. metal mesh in horizontal joints; gypsum block
or poured gypsum fil1; ~ in. gypsum mortar between
column and block. (26) ,...................................."....."...,....
3 in. gypsum block, hollow; unplastered ; 1i in. 12
gauge metal cramps linking adjacent blocks of same
course; no fill. (28) ,.....,.."...".....,...,."..............,......"........,.
1 in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster on self-furring metal lath to fur lath ~ in.
from steel. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and
brown coat 3 cu. ft. perlite to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum.
Other details as specified in U.L. listingc, under
Column Protection-Design No. 2-2 HR. ,........,..........
1 in. (measured from face' of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster on metal lath spaced 1 ~ in. from column.
Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3
cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite plaster aggregate to 100
Ibs. fibered gypsum. No fil1. Other details as speci-
fied in U.L. listingC, under Column Protection-Design
No. 1-2 HR
Rating
Protection
of
Details
Type
Steel
Columns
3 hrs.
3 hrs.
2~ hrs,
2~ hrs.
2~ hrs.
1 hr.
1 hr..
1 hr..
1 hr..
1 hr.. . 'I
.~
% in. gypsum wal1boardcc attached to 3% in. steel studs,
with 2 in. cement coated nails spaced about 7 in. on
centers. Joints covered with fiber tape and cement.
(87)
% in. U.L. listed gypsum wallboardcc attached to
3% in. steel studs with 2Yz in. nails spaced 8 in. on
centers. Joints and nail heads covered wtih fiber tape
and cement. Other details as specified in U.L. listing",
under Walls and Partitions-Design No. 2-1 HR. ...'..
Steel Stud
Hollow
Partitions
Without
Plaster
Finished
each side
as noted
Yz in. cement-asbestos board on 3 in. steel studs; in-
terior space filled with mineral wool under air pres-
sure. (21)
% in. U.L. listed gypsum wallboardcc attached to 3%
in. U.L. listed steel studs with 1Yz in. annular nails
spaced 6 in. on centers and used with ~ in. nailing
discs at wallboard joints. Studs attached to floor'
and ceiling track with plated No. 6, ~ in. sheet metal
screws. Nailheads in wallboard covered with joint
cement and joints covered with fiber tape and cement.
Other details as specified in D.L. listingc, under Wal1s
and Partitions-Design No. 11-1 HR
31i in. wall composed of 7/16 in. thick pigmented
asbestos board weighing 2.2 to 2.4 Ibs. per sq. ft., on
open web 20 gauge steel box studs. Space between
studs packed solid with mineral wool batts. (85) ..........
2 hrs.
2 hrs.
2 hrs.
2 hrs.
o
6 in. wall consisting of 4 in. perlite-portland cement
plaster on paper-backed wire fabric and encasing steel
framing members on one face; 1 in. gypsum-perlite
plaster applied on paper and aluminum foil-backed
wire fabric on other face, with furring channels form-
ing 1 in. air space between the two sections. Plaster
mix for 4 in. face, 4 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite to 94
lbs. portland cement, 3 lb. asbestos fiber, and 1 fluid
ounce air entraining solution; for other face, scratch
coat 3~ cu. ft. and brown coat 4 cu. ft. U.L. listed
perlite to 100 lbs. gypsum. Other details as specified
in U.L. listing<: under Walls and Partitions-Design
No. 3-4 HR
Steel Stud
Wall
(Steel
framing
encased in
plaster)
2 hrs.
rl
4 hrs..
6 in. partition of 2 by 6 lumber; pieces nailed to-
gether flatwise; in vertical position if load bear-
ing. (36)
Wood
Partitions.
Solid
hr.
1
page 47.
to notes,
refer
Letter superscripts
· Nonbearing.
hrs.
2
page 47.
to notes,
Letter superscripts refer
15
.
e
42
1~ in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster on two layers ~ in.
perforated gypsum lath boxed around column and
fastened with wire ties. Plaster mix: 2~ cu. ft.
U.L. listed vermiculite plaster aggregate to 100 Ibs.
fibered gypsum. Other details as specified in U.L. list-
ingc, under Column Protection-Design No. 5-3 HR.
1~ in. (measured from face of lath) U.L. listed ce-
ment 'and plaster mixture on ~ in. ribbed metal lath
vv"rapped :.round column. ~rc fi!!. Other det:li!~ :!os
specified in U.L. listingc, under Column Protection-
Design No. 2-3 HR
Letter
14
43
to notes,
page 47.
superscripts
refer
to notes,
page 47.
3 hrs.
.
e
· Nonbearing.
~ in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster on metal lath.
Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 to 2~ cu. ft. and
brown coat 3 to 3~ cu. ft. U.L. listed vermiculite
plaster aggregate to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Other
details as sDecified in U.L. listinJlC. under Walls
and Partitions-Design No. 3-1 HR.
Letter superscripts refer
1
hr.
3 hrs.
1 in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-vermicu-
lite plaster on metal lath spaced 1 ~ in. from column
with plaster pushed through to column flanges. PIas-
ter mix: scratch coat 2 to 2~ cu. ft. and brown coat
3 to 3~ cu. ft. U.L. listed vermiculite plaster aggre-
gate to 100 lb. fibered gypsum. No fill. Other details
as specified in U.L. listingc, under Column Protec-
tion-Design No. 1-3 HR
3 hrs.
l.J:
I..
~ in. 1 :2, 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster on wood
lath; stud spaces filled with mineral wool. (7, 9)....
~ in. 1 :2, 1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in.
flame-proofed fiberboard plaster base. (7, 9) .,....'".
~ in. 1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in. per-
forated gypsum lath, one ~ in. diam. hole or
larger for each 16 SQ. in. of lath. (7, 9).".,...,....,......
~ in. unsanded, wood-fibered gypsum plaster on
~ in. plain gypsum lath. (9) "........................,....".....
~ in. plaster, on metal lath attached to studs. Plaster
mix for scratch and brown coats, 1:2 fibered
gypsum plaster and pumice aggregate containing
air entraining agent. (76)
1
hr.
1
1
hr.
hr.
1
hr.
1 in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster on metal lath spaced 1~ in. from column with
plaster pushed through to column flanges. Plaster mix:
3 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite plaster aggregate to 100
Ibs. fibered gypsum. No fill. Other details as specified
in U.L. listingc, under Column Protection-Design
No. 4-3 HR
3 hrs.
~ in. 1 :1~, 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in.
diamond mesh expanded metal lath of 26 U. S.
gauge attached by 1~ in. 4-penny nails 6 in. apart
or by equivalent staples. Studs 2 x 2 in. if non-
bearing. (10)
1
hr.
hr.
in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster on metal lath spaced 1~ in. from column,
with plaster pushed through to column flanges.
Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat
3 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite plaster aggregate to 100
lb. fibered gypsum. No fill. Other details as speci-
fied in U.L. listingc, under Column Protection-
Design No. 3-3 HR
3 hrs.
~ in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster on ~ in. per-
forated gypsum lath. Plaster mix, 2~ cu. ft.
vermiculite to 100 lbs. fibered gypsum. (50).,........
1 hr. or
1~ hrs..
.
.'
~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster on ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath; plaster mix: 2~ cu. ft. perlite to 100
Ibs. fibered gypsum. (49)
1 hr. or
1~ hrs..
2 in. hollow clay tile with outside wire tiesq or with
~ in. metal mesh in horizontal joints; limestone or
trap rock concrete fill, extending 1 in. outside column
on all sides. (26)
3 hrs.
Wood Stud
Partitions,
Plastered
Studs2x4
in. or larger.
Finished
each side
as noted
~ in. unsanded, wood-fibered gypsum
metal lath. (7, 9) "......,'....,...,................
~ in. 1 :2, 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster on metal
lath: stud spaces filled with mineral wool. (9)
1 :2, 1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on meta
stud spaces filled with mineral wool. (7, 9)
on
plaster
1~ hrs.
1~
MS.
in. gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in. perforated gyp-
sum lath boxed around column and fastened with wire
ties. Plaster mix: scratch coat 200 lbs. and brown
coat 300 Ibs. sand to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. (90) ......
3 hrs,
~ in.
lath
in. unsanded, wood fibered gypsum plaster on metal
lath. (9)
1~ hrs.
bb2 hrs..
2
1~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster on self-furring metal lath. Plaster mix:
scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. of
perlite to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Other details as
specified in U.L. listingc, under Column Protection-
Design No. 6-3 HR
3
:lrs.
5/32 in. cement-asbestos shingles laid over 14 lb. per
100 SQ. ft. asbestos felt over ~ in, wood sheathing
on one side; 4 in. strips of ~ in. gypsum board
over edges of studs under facing of 3/16 in. cement
asbestos board on other side; filling of mineral
wool bats. (9)
1
hr.
1~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster on ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath boxed around column and fastened with
wire ties. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and
brown coat 3 cu. ft. perlite to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum.
(92)
3 hrs.
Wood Stud
Exterior
Walls
Studs2x4
in.orlarger.
One side sheathed with ~ in. gypsum sheathing
covered with wood drop siding; other side faced
with ~ in. 1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in.
perforated gypsum lath. (39)
I
hr.
Type
Steel
Columns
Details
COL UMN PROTECTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Based on Standard Fire Tests
Ratings
of
Protection
Rating
.
.
Type
Fire
WALLS
Resistance
Details
AND PARTITIONS-Continued
Based on Standard Fire
of
Ratings
Construction
Tests
Rating
e
FIRE RESISTANCE
RATINGS
e
e
FIRE RESISTANCEt.TINGS
'_
RATINGS
_
_
-
RESISTANCE
FIRE RESISTANCE
RATINGS
FIRE
COL UMN PROTECTIONS-Continued
Based on Standard Fire
WALLS AND PARTITIONS-Continued
Tests
Ratings
Resistance
Fire
.
It
Tests
Based on Standard Fire
Ratings
Fire Resistance
~,
Rating
Protection
1~ in. U.L. listed L-shaped precast concrete units
secured to flange of column and metal edge of adjacent
unit by steel studs welded in place. Vertical and Hori-
zontal joints filled with a 3:1 mix (by volume) of
perlite and cement mortar. Fill of 8:1 mix (by vol-
ume) of perlite and cement. Other details as specified
in U.L. Iistingc, under Column Protection-Design
No. 5-4 HR
of
Details
Type
Steel
Columns
;',
f.
Rating
Construction
~ in. 1 :2, 1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in.
plain gypsum lath attached by nails fitted with 1~
x 1~ in. metal lath pads folded over heads, spaced
8 in. vertically, 16 in. horizontally. (7, 9)"...
of
Details
hr.
1
~ in. 4:1 gypsum and sand plaster on ~ in. plain
gypsum lath; 3 in. strips of metal lath over all
joints. (8)
Type
Wood Stud
Partitions,
Plastered
Studs 2 x 4
in. or larger.
Finished
each side
as noted
4 hrs.
hr.
1
2~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster reinforced with poultry
netting, on ~ in. gypsum lath boxed around column.
Plaster mix: scratch coat 3~ cu. ft. and brown coat
4 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite plaster aggregate to 100 lb.
unfibered gypsum. No fill. Other details as specified
in U.L. listingc,under Column Protection-Design No.
4-4 HR .
hr.
1
on metal
sand plaster
and
gypsum
1 :2, 1:3
(7, 9)
~ in.
lath.
hr.
1
metal
on
sand plaster
and
gypsum
~ in. 1:2, 1:2
lath. (7, 9)
4 hrs.
~ in. 1:2 gypsum and sand plaster on U.L. listed
wire lath (paper-backed fabric) as specified in
U.L. listingc, under Walls and Partitions-Design
No. 1-1 HR.
4 hrs,
4 hrs.
4 hrs.
1~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster on metal lath spaced 1 ~ in. from column with
plaster pushed through to column flanges. Plaster
mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft.
U.L. listed perlite plaster aggregate to 100 lb. fibered
gypsum. No fill. Other details as specified in U.L.
Iistingc, under Column Protection-Design No. 2-4
HR.
2 in. portland cement vermiculite plaster reinforced with
plain wire fabric, on paperbacked No. 16 gauge welded
wire fabric. Plaster mix: 4 cu. ft. U.L. listed vermicu-
lite plaster aggregate to 94 lbs. of portland cement.
No fill. Other details as specified in U.L. listingc,
under Column Protection-Design No; 10-4 HR.........
in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster (measured from face
of lath) on metal lath spaced 1 in. from column.
Plaster mix: 4:1 by weight or approx. 100 lbs.
fibered gypsum to 2~ cu. ft. vermiculite. Loose ver-
miculite fill. (32)
~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum vermicu-
lite plaster on self-furring metal lath. Plaster mix:
scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. U.L.
listed vermiculite plaster aggregate to 100 lbs. fibered
gypsum. No fill. Other details as specified in U.L.
Iistingc, under Column Protection-Design No. 9-4
HR.
hr
9/16 in. gypsum-perlite plaster on ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath. Plaster mix for scratch and brown
coats, 2 to 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite to 100
lbs. fibered gypsum. Other details as specified
in U.L. Iistingc, under Walls and Partitions-
Design No. 7-1 HR
.
tI
hr.
1
~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster on ~ in. perforated
gypsum lath, securely attached by metal clips.
Plaster mix: 2~ cu. ft. perlite to 100 lbs. gypsum.
(47)
hr.
1
~ in. 1 :1/10 :1/30:2 portland cement, lime, asbestos
fiber, sand and 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster on
metal lath. (7)
hr.
1
1 :1/30:3 portland cement, asbestos
plaster on metal lath. (7, 9)
~ in. 1 :1/30 :2',
fiber and sand
,.i\
'I
,/
~I
hr.
Two layers % in. gypsum wallboardcc. First
layer attached with 2 in. cement coated nails,
spaced 9 in. on centers; second layer attached with
2~ in. cement coated nails spaced 7 in. on centers.
Vertical joint between boards on same stud for
each layer. Joint to fall on adjacent stud on op-
posite side. Joints covered with fiber tape and
cement. (86)
Wood Stud
Partitions
Without
Plaster
Studs 2 x 4
in. or larger.
Finished
each side
as noted
4 hrs.
3 hrs,
in. gypsum-perlite plaster reinforced with wire mesh,
on two layers of ~ in. gypsum lath boxed around
column and fastened with wire ties. Plaster mix:
100 lbs. gypsum to 2~ cu. ft. perlite. (92) ..................
1~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster reinforced with wire mesh,
on ~ in. gypsum lath boxed around column and
fastened with wire ties. Plaster mix: lOa lbs. gypsum
to 2~ cu. ft. perlite. (92)
2 hrs.bb
Two layers % gypsum wallboardcc. First layer
applied vertically with edge joints on the studs and
attached with 1~ in. cement coated nails spaced
6 in. on centers; second layer applied horizontally
with edge joints off the studs and attached with
I~ in. cement coated nails spaced 12 in. on centers.
All joints and nailheads covered with tape and joint
finisher. Other details as specified in U.L. Iistingc,
under Walls and Partitions-Design No. 4-2 HR.
3 hrs.
~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster, on two layers of ~ in.
gypsum lath boxed around column and fastened with
wire ties. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and
brown coat 3 cu. ft. perlite to 100 lbs. gypsum. (92)
47.
2hrs.bb
3 hrs.
page
to notes,
refer
13
superscripts
Letter
.
It
page 47.
to notes,
Letter superscripts refer
44
· Nonbearing.
12
.
e
45
Letter
2~ in. perlite-plaster reinforced with plain wire fabric,
on paper backed No. '16 guage welded wire fabric.
Plaster mix: 3~ cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite plaster
aggregate to 100 Ibs. of portland cement. No fill.
Other details as specified in U.L. Iistingc, under
Column Protection-Design No. 8-4 HR. ,.....'......,......
superscripts refer to notes,
page 47.
4 hrs.
· Nonbearing.
Letter superscripts refer to notes,
page 47,
1~ in, (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster on metal lath spaced 1~ in. from column with
plaster pushed through to column flan~es. Plaster mix:
scratch and brown coats 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite
plaster aggregate to 100 lb. fibered gypsum. No fill.
Other details as specified in U.L. Ii~tingc, under
Column Protection-Design No. 3-4 HR.
4 hrs.
;,J,
~ in. gypswn wallboard,
mineral wool bats nailed in
3/16 in. cement-asbestos
wallboard. (9) ..
4 in. strips of ;i in. gypsum board over edges of
studs under facing of 3/16 in. cement-asbestos
board; filling of mineral wool bats. (9) ..",..........",
boards over in.
stud spaces filled
place. (7, 9)
~
gypsum
with
1
1
1
hr.
hr.
hr.
1~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster or U.L. listed cementitious mixture on self-
furring metal lath. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu.
ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite to 100
Ibs. fibered gypsum or scratch and brown coat of
U.L. listed cementitious mixture. No fill. Other
details as specified in U.L. listing<<: under Column
Protection-Design No. 6-4 HR 4 hrs.
~
Two layers ~ in. gypsum wallboard. First layer
applied vertically and nailed to studs with 1~ in.
cement coated nails on 8 in. centers. Back of
second layer cemented and nailed to face of first
layer, placed horizontally and nailed with 1~ in.
cement coated nails on 8 in. centers. Joints
cemented and taped. (97)
1
hr.
1~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster on metal lath spaced from flanges by ~ in.
steel furring channels at approx. 2 ft. vertical spacings.
Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3
cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum.
No fill. Other details as specified in U.L. listing<<:,
under Column Protection-Design No. 7-4 HR.
4 hrs.
% in U.L. listed wallboardcc, nailed to studs with
1 ~ in. nails; joints and nailheads covered with
tape and joint finisher. Other details as specified
in U.L. Iistingc, under Walls and Partitions-
Design No. 5-1 HR
1
hr.
.
.
Two layers ~ in. U.L. listed wallboardcc, glued
together and nailed to studs with I~ in. nails;
joints and nailheads covered with tape and joint
finisher. Other details as specified in U.L. listing<<:,
under Walls and Partitions-Design No. 6-1 HR.
1
hr.
1~ in. gypsum-perlite plaster reinforced with wire mesh;
on two layers of ~ in. gypsum lath boxed around col-
umn and fastened with wire ties. Plaster mix:
scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. perlite
to 100 Ibs. gypsum. (92) ...........
4 hrs.
3/16 in. asbestos-cement
wallboard. (80)
1 hr. or
1~ hrs..
1 hr. or
1~ hrs..
I~ in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster reinforced with wire
mesh, on two layers of ~ in. gypsum lath boxed
around column and fastened with wire ties. Plaster
mix: scratch coat 2 cu, ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft.
vermiculite to 100 Ibs. gypsum. (92) ,...'",...."......,.........
4 hrs.
Two layers of ~ in. gypsum wallboard, the inner
layer applied vertically with edge joints off the
studs, and attached with 1% in. nails having 7/32
in. heads; outer layer applied horizontally with
end joints on studs, attached with 2~ in. nails
having 17164 in. heads. All joints of finish layer
taped, filled, and sanded. (75) """,..
sheets over
~
in.
gypsum
1~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-vermicu-
lite plaster on metal lath spaced 1~ in. from column
with plaster pushed through to column flanges.
Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 to 2~ cu. ft. and brown
coat 3 to 3~ cu. ft. U.L. listed vermiculite plaster
aggregate to 100 lb. fibered gypsum. No fill. Other
details as specified in U.L. listing<<:, under Column
Protection-Design No. 1-4 HR.
4 hrs.
n. hollow clay tile plastered with % in. I :2~ (by
volume) lime and sand plaster; 1~ in. mortar between
tile and column, ~ in. metal mesh in horizontal joints
limestone concrete fill. (26)
4
'us.
Wood Stud
Partitions,
Without
Plaster
Studs 2 x 4
in. or larger.
Finished
each side
as noted
Two layers of ~ in. gypsum wallboard applied hori-
zontally with end joints of both layers on studs.
First layer attached with 1% in. nails having 7132
in. heads; outer layer with 2~ in. nails having
17164 in. heads. All joints of finish layer taped,
filled, and sanded. (56),.".............
1~ hrs.
Two layers ~ in. gypsum wallboard. First layer
attached with 1% in. nails having 7132 in. heads;
second layer attached with 1~ in. nails having ~
in. heads. Outside joints taped and pointed and
nail heads covered with joint cement. (38)....",..."....
1 hr. or
1~ hrs..
Type
Steel
Columns
4
Fire
COLUMN
Resistance
Details
PROTECTIONS-Continued
Ratings Standard Fire
of
Based on
Protection
Tests
Rating
.
.
Type
Fire
WALLS
Resistance
Details
AND PARTITIONS-Continued
on Standard
Ratings
of
Based
Construction
Fire
Tests
Rating
FIRE ttSISTANCE
RATINGS
e
e
FIRE RESISTANCE ITINGS
RESISTANCE.TINGS
e
e
IISTANCE
FIRE
RATINGS
FIRE
COL UMN PROTECTIONS-Continued
Resistance Based on Standard Fire
WALLS AND PARTITIONS-Continued
Tests
Ratings
Fire
.
Minimum Thicknessl
Inches for Rating of
- -
4 hrs. 2 hra.
Protection
of
Details
Type
hr.
3 hrl!.
trap
steel
Concrete. coarse aggregate
rock; fill of same material
wire tiesP. (9, 26)
or
Steel
Columns
6x6in.or
largerm
1
1
1
l}~
2
I~
1
2~
2
I~
.1
in.
in. or
12 in. or
Concrete, coarse aggregate granite,
sandstone, siliceousK gravel or cin-
derso; fill of same material; steel
wire ties''''. (95)
6 x 6 in. or larger.
larger...,..........,.....,...._,
6x6
8x8
12 x
larger
larger,
1
1
1
I~
1
1
2
2
1
3
2~
2
8 x 8 in. or larger.
12 x 12 in. or larger,
.,
~.;
I
t,
I
I;
It
I
"
I
I.
.;
"
.1
I
I;
l
.
I'
,I
!!
.t
1
"
.
Estimated Ratings
Members Framed in Wall:
None or N oncombustibli:f
Minimum Equivalent
Thickness. Inches.
for Ratings of
hrs. 2 hrs.
Construction
Details of
Type
hr.
3
4 hrs.
slag. or
expanded
Coarse aggregate,
pumice. (43) .,.
Coarse aggregate.
shale. ( 43)
Concrete
Masonry
Units
2.1
3.2
4.0
4.7
2.6
2.7
3.fs
4.0
4.8
5.0
5.7
5.9
clay or
cinders
expanded
Coarse aggregate. limestone.
or unexpanded slag. (43)..
aggregate. calcareous
2.8
4.2
5.3
6.2
gravel
gravel
siliceous
aggregate.
Coarse
(43)
Coarse
(43)
3.0
4.5
5.7
6.7
Minimum Thiclmessb.
Inches for Ratings of
4 hrs. 3 hrs. 2 hrs. hr.
Rating
Protection
in. concrete block. hollow, cinder; fill of cinder con-
crete slabs and mortar with I ~ in. mortar between
column and blocksr. (29)
of
Details
3
Type
Steel
Columns
'I
i
:1
i
"
Construction
of
Details
Type
4 hrs.
4 in. gypsum block, solid; corrugated metal ties or
~ in. metal mesh in horizontal joints; gypsum block
or poured gypsum fill; ~ ill. gypsum mortar between
column and block. (26) ,
.
'WI
4.
5~
6~
7~
33)
(11.
Solid walls.
Plain
Concrete
hrs.
4
2 in. gypsum concrete, poured; fill of same material;
4 x 4 in. wire mesh reinforcement wrapped around
columnt. (28)
3~
5
6'
6~
Solid walls. unplastered:
Group 1 Aggregatesk, ~ in, maxi-
mum size. (11) "".,........".......",.',.,.
Group 2 Ag~regatesk. ~ in. maxi-
mum size. (11. 33)
Reinforced
Concrete
4 hrs.
in. gypsum block. solid; plastered with ~ in. gypsum
and sand plaster; ~ in. 12 gauge metal cramps set
in holes drilled in blocks to link adjacent blocks of
the same course together; no fill. (28)
2
4 hrs.
2 in. gypsum block. solid; wire lath strips laid in hori-
zontal joints; fill of gypsum block and mortar with
~ in. mortar between column and blocks and with ~
in. gypsum and sand plaster on outside. (28)..
4 hrs.
3 in. gypsum block, hollow; covered with ~ in. gypsum
and sand plaster; ~ in. 12 gauge metal cramps
linking adjacent blocks of same course; ~ in. mortar
between column flange and block; no fill. (28) ........
4 hrs.
4 in. hollow clay tile. two 2 in. layers; ~ in. mortar
between tile and column; ~ in. metal mesh in hori-
zontal joints;, hollow clay tile fill. (26)
I
i
~.
'f
l.
[
I
l
Solid walls plastered each side with
~ in. portland cement stucco or
portland cement or gypsum plaster:
Group 1 Aggregatesk. ~ in. maxi-
mum size. (11) .....,...
Group 2 Aggregatesk.
mum size. ( 11 )
4.
5~
6~
7~
3.
3.
4
5
maxi-
in.
~
3.
4
5
6
Stone
Masonry
8
12
thickness.
12
12
Solid wall
4 hrs.
2 in. hollow clay tile plastered with ~ in. 1:3 (by
volume) gypsum and sand plaster; ~ in. mortar be-
tween tile and column; ~ in. metal mesh in hori-
zontal joints; limestone concrete fill. (26)....
See note . for definition of equivalent
page 47.
Letter superscripts refer to notes,
· Nonbearing.
4 hrs.
page 47.
to, notes.
Letter superscripts refer
11
.
e
46
10
.
e
47
"Group 1. Blast-furnace slag, limestone, calcareous gravel, trap rock,
httrnt c1av or shale, cinders containinll not more than 25% of combustible
;nilterial and not more than 5% of volatile material, and other materials
meeting the requirements of these specifications and containing not more than
30% quartz, chert, flint, and similar materials.
Letter superscripts refer
or larger.....,..........."....."
to notes,
page 47.
2
1~
1
1
1
1
1
1
J
1
1
k Group 1 and group 2 aggregates are defined
tions for Concrete and Reinforced Concrete" of the
port" as follows:
SxS
12 x
in. or
12 in.
in the "Standard Specifica-
1940 "Joint Committee Re-
Steel
Columns
6 x 6 in. or
largerm
Brick with brick fill.
Concrete, coarse aggregate calcare-
ousD or limestone; fill of same
material. (9, 26)
6 x 6 in. or larger......,.......................
arger.,.................""......,
( clay)
(26)
3~
1~
3~
3~
2~
Type
Detail.
1~ in. concrete, coarse aggregate granite, sandstone,
or siliceous gravels; 16 in. or larger round or square
columns.m (27)
of
Protection
Minimum Thickness1
Inches, for Rating of
4 hra. 3 hra. 2 hrs. hr.
3 hrs.
It
s
J Ratings given are applicable where there is no combustible material or con-
struction in the enclosed ceiling space. Ceiling to be at such a level that the
beams, girders or trusses to be considered as protected by the ceiling, will not
extend below the level of the ceiling more than 6 in. (as illustrated below), unless
otherwise specified. This depth at any point, to be considered as the average
depth on the two sides. Ratings are for protection only from fire beneath the
ceiling.
1 ~ in. concrete, coarse aggregate granite, sandstone
or siliceous gravels; light 2 in. mesh expanded metal
centrally located in the protective covering, 12 in. or
larger round or square columns.m (27) .....,......,"...,....,
3 hrs.
1~ in. concrete, coarse aggregate granite, sandstone
or siliceous gravels; light 2 in. mesh expanded metal
centrally located in the protective covering. 14 in. or
larger rounel. or square columns.m (27) ..,........,.,.,..'"",
4 hrs.
.
I
1 ~ in. concrete, ~ in. coarse aggregate granite, sand-
stone or siliceous gravels; covered with 1 in. 1 :2~
(by volume) portland cement and sand or gypsum
and sand plaster, with admixture of not over ~ part
lime; surface of column hacked or column cast
in metal lath form, 16 in. or larger round or square
columns.m (27)
4
hrs,
, Il The ratings of load bearing hollow clay tile depend in certain cases on
the number of cells and units in the wall thickness. These are shown in the table
along with the total thickness (in inches) of the wall, "2U" representing for
example, two units and "4C" representing four cells in the wall thickness.
h An S-inch tile wall may be used for this rating if hollow spaces are filled
as in Note d.
I With combustible structural members framed into the wall, plaster is effec-
tive in increasing the fire resistance (over that for a similar wall or partition
unplastered) only when applied on the side opposite that on which the structural
members are framed in, and only with respect to fire exposure from the plastered
side.
f Where combustible members are framed into the wall, the wall must be
of such thickness or be so constructed that the thickness of solid material between
the end of each member and the opposite face of the wall, or between members
set in from opposite sides, will be not le~ than 93% of the thickness shown in
the table.
Reinforced
ConcreteY
Columns
1~ in.l concrete coarse aggregate limestone, calcareousD
gravel, trap rock or blast furnace slag; 12 in. or
larger round or square columns.m (27) ,...".......".........
2~ in. concrete, coarse aggregate granite, sandstone, or
siliceous gravels; 16 in. or larger round er square
columns.m (27)
4 hrs.
4 hrs.
,e Equivalent thickness is the average thickness of the solid material in the
wall. It may be found by taking the total volume of a wall unit, subtracting the
volume of core spaces, dividing this by the area of the face of the unit. Where
walls are plastered or faced with brick the thickness of plaster or brick may be
included in determining the equivalent thickness.
2 in. concrete, coarse aggregate cinderso,
no fill. (9, 26)
:2:5
mix
2~ MS.
d A 10-in. wall may be used for this rating if hollow spaces near combustible
members are filled with fire resistive material for the full thickness of the wall
and for 4 inches or more above, below and between the combustible members.
Cast Iron
Columns
7 in. diam.
or largerm
1 ~ in. portland cement plaster on ~ in. rib metal lath,
with plaster pushed through sufficiently to leave not
over ~ in. air space; Plaster mix (by volume):
1 :1/10 :2~ portland cement, lime and sand; no fill.
(9, 26)
3 hrs.
c: See "Fire Protection Equipment List" published annually by Underwriters'
Laboratories, Inc. The use of materials listed by Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc.,
provides reasonable assurance that the materials conform to the standard for such
materials established by the Laboratories in connection with the listing.
2 in.1 hollow clay
mortar between
tile with outside wire tiesq; ~ in.
tile and column; no fill. (9, 26).."",.
3 hrs.
b Thicknesses given
specified.
a The ratings for walls with combustible
apply for members framed in not over 4 inches.
include
do not
the
thickness
of
plaster
where plaster
is
Type
Details
COLUMN PROTECTIONS
Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire
of Protection
Tests
Rating
.
.
members framed
into the
wal~
Fire
FIRE
IISTANCE
RATINGS
e
e
NOTES
FIRE RESISTANCE
lINGS
FIRE RESISTANCE .TINGS
e
e
FIRE .SISTANCE
BEAM, GIRDER AND TRUSS PROTECTIONS-Continued
Estimated Ratings
.
.
RATINGS
"Group 2: Granite, quartzite, siliceous gravel, sandstone, gneiss, cinders
containing more than 25%, but not more than 400/0 of combustible material
and not more than 5% of volatile material and other materials meeting the
requirements of these specifications, and containing more than 300/0 of quartz,
chert, flint, and similar materials."
Concrete, Group 1 coarse aggre-
gatesk ; metal ties bent around
beam flanges and other projecting
parts. ."",..,......".............".,..."...""......
Concrete, Group 2 coarse aggre-
gatesk; with 3 in. or finer metal
mesh placed 1 in. from the fin-
ished surface. .............,".,..,....'..',.......'
Brick, hollow or solid (clay, con-
crete or sand-lime). ..n...........,.........,
Gypsum blocks, hollow; plastered
with ~ in. gypsum plaster. ....,....,..
G>:p~um blocks, hollow; unplastered;
J omts grouted. ""....,.........',..........,...
Gypsum blocks, solid; plastered with
~ in. gypsum plaster. "...",........,...,.
G>:p~um blocks, solid; unplastered;
J omts grouted. """......"."",."..",......
Gypsum poured; plastered with ~
in. gypsum plaster. ..,.....""...
Gypsum, poured; unplastered.
hr.
Minimum Thickness.
Inches, for Rating of
2 hro.
3 hrs.
4 hrs.
Protection
of
Details
Type
";.
i\
~.
. Thicknesses given are of the protection around the outside of the steel
column, beam, girder or truss, or cast iron column, and outside of the reinforcing
steel ,in reinforced concrete columns, beams, girders and trusses. They do not
include thickness of plaster except where the protection consists only of metal
lath and plaster.
1
~
2~
2
1~
2
2~
2
2
2~
3~
3
2
2~
3~
3
Steel
Beams,
Girders
and
Trusses
individually
protected
m The fire resistance of columns varies with the area of solid material
in the cross section of the column-the larger the column the greater the fire
resistance, for a given thickness of protection around the structural or reinforcing
steel. The column dimensions given are the outer cross sectional dimensions of
the steel or cast iron columns and the outside cross sectional dimensions of rein-
forced concrete columns. Columns smaller than those listed may require greater
thicknesses of protection for the same degree of fire resistance. For columns which
are not square the protection should correspond to that for the square column
having the same or next smaller cross sectional area.
n
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
100/0
wire
Calcareous aggregate containing a combined total
chert and flint for the coarse aggregate.
Cinders contained not over 10% unburned coal and not over 5% ash,
P Wire ties consisted of No. 5 B. & S. gauge (0.18 in. diam.) steel
wound spirally around the steel columfl on a pitch of 8 in.
q Outside wire ties consisted of No. 12 B. & S. gauge (0.08 in. diam.)
wire tied around the outside of each course of tile at the middle.
in. and
than
more
not
of
quartz,
o
2
2
steel
~
1
1
1~
1~
2
1~
2
.
Rating
2~ hrs.
2 hrs.
1 hr.
Any ceiling construction described under Floor and
Ceiling Constructions, provided there are no com-
bustible materials above the ceiling. ..___,___,__
Note. The fire resistance rating of the ceiling con-
structions described under Floor and Ceiling Con-
structions is the time in hours the ceiling will
protect the structural members above it. Where
there is combustible material above the ceiling
the fire resistance rating of the ceiling construc-
tion will be considerably less than the rating
of the floor construction employing the same ceil-
ing protection,
hr.
Rating
Same as
Floor
Rating
Protection
Two ~ in. layers of 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster
metal lath, with ~ in. air space between. """..,...,..,
Two ~ in. layers 1 :2~ portland cement and sand
plaster on metal lath, with ~ in. air space between. ...."
~ in. 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster on metal lath. .'""..,.
1 in. 1 :2~ portland cement and sand plaster on metal
lath
1
CEILING CONSTRUCTIONS
-\
i
I
1
,
l
,.~
.r
.
II
".1
:1
~I
I
the
which
on
sand plaster,
gypsum
~
covering of
Tested with
was 7 hours.
r
rating
8
--
granite.
which the
or
more of quartz, chert
and sand plaster, on
used contained 600/0 or
in. gypsum
The aggregates
Tested with
was' 6 hours.
on
of
Details
Type
Steel
Beams,
Girders
and
Trusses
individually
protected
~
U The "Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Building Construction and Ma-
terials" fix a temperature limit for wood members such as sleepers set into the
top slab of a floor construction. Except where test data are available to show
that wood members may be embedded in the top slab a certain depth without
developing temperatures higher than the standard specifies, or except as other-
wise specifically indicated, the rating of floor and ceiling constructions are based
on the assumption that no wood sleepers or other combustible members will be
embedded in the specified top covering of concrete or gypsum. Such members
may rest on top of the specified thickness of concrete or gypsum with additional
concrete or gypsum fill between sleepers.
covering of
t
rating
v The thickness of concrete floor slab given is the minimum thickness over
the joists. Between joists the thickness will be greater due to sagging of the metal
lath. Tests at the National Bureau of Standards have indicated that this addi-
tional thickness between joists is necessary if the specified fire resistance is to be
assured. If the n,ormal sag between joists is not present the average thickness
of slab should be Y-i in. greater. Concrete plank may be used for the top slab if
joints are thoroughly grouted and the plank is at least Y-i in. thicker than the
specified thickness for the top' slab.
page 47.
to notes,
Letter superscripts refer
9
-
It
slab maJt
clear quartz.
y These ratings apply to columns with standard ties or spirals, and to col-
umns without spirals if designed on the basis that the protective concrete covering
carries no load. If the design load is based on the gross column area and the
column does not have adequate ties or spirals the actual fire resistance will be
considerably lower.
48
top
poured
for
form
serving as
100%
weight
'IF Metal lath of approved
be considered as reinforcement.
Siliceous contained
gravel
..
Steel
Beams,
Girders
and
Trusses
individually
protected
Letter superscripts refer
8
Clay tile or concrete block; plastered
with ~ in. portland cement or
gypsum plaster. ..",.""...".."..":."."..,,
Clay tile or concrete block; plastered
with ~ in. portland cement or
gypsum plaster; all spaces between
member and tile or block filled
solid. ,.,....,'.,......,."",..,...........................
Clay tile or concrete block; unplas-
tered. ..."....,....,.....,....,........"..............,...
C:hlv tilp. nr r.nnr.rp.tp. hlndc: nnnlll.!l-
" tered;- all spaces between' member
and tile or block filled solid.
to notes,
page 47.
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
.
''1
.
49
(11) "Tests of the Fire Resistance and Thermal Properties of Solid Con-
crete Slabs and Their Significance," by Carl A Menzel. American Society for
Testing Materials, Proceedings, Volume 43, 1943.
(12) Ohio State University Research Foundation Report No. 37, June, 1945
(unpublished). Abstract of report published in reference (42).
(13) Ohio State University Research Foundation Report No. 39, Aug., 1945
(unpublished). Abstract of report published in reference (42).
(14) Ohio State University Research Foundation Report No.1, May 5, 1939
(unpublished). Abstract of report published in reference (42).
(15) Columbia University, Dept. of C. E. Testing Laboratories Report No.
F. W. 2, Aug. 29, 1919 (unpublished).
(16) Ohio State University Research Foundation Report No. 43, !<'eb. 6,
1946 (unpublished). Abstract of report published in reference (42).
(17) Columbia University, Dept. of C. E. Testing Laboratories Report No,
F. W. 59. Aug., 1930 (unpublished).
Type
Details
of
Protection
Minimum Thickness.
Inches, for Rating of
4 hrs. 3 bra. 2 bra. hr.
~
(10) Underwriters' Laboratories, Ine. Report on Interior Building Con-
struction Consisting of Metal Lath and Gypsum Plaster on Wood Supports, Aug.,
1922.
Reinforced
Concrete
Beams,
Girders and
Trusses
in.l
concrete
1
hr.
(7) "Fire Tests of Wood- and
of Standards Report BMS 71, 1941.
(8) Columbia University, Dept.
F. W." 46, July, 1929 (unpublished).
(9) "Fire Resistance Classifications of
Bureau of Standards, Report BMS 92, 1942.
Building Constructions,"
National
of
C. E. Testing Laboratories
Report
No.
Estimated
Any ceiling protection described under Floor and Ceiling
Constructions, Steel, if the beams, girders or trusses
do not extend below the level of the ceiling surface
more than 6 in. (see note j)
Ratings
Same as
Floor
Rating
.
.~
Metal-Framed
Partitions,
National
Bureau
Ceiling of 1 in. (measured from face of lath) sprayed
fiber on metal lath, with not less than 2 in. air space
between lath and structural members. Steel members
to project not more than 8 in. below ceiling surface.
Other details as specified in U.L. Iistingc, under
Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design
No. 2-3 HR (Beam 2 HR)
2 hrs.
Ceiling of 1 in. gypsum-vermiculite plaster (measured
from face of lath) on metal lath. Plaster mix: 4:1 by
weight or approx. 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum to 2~ cu. ft.
vermiculite. (32)
3
hrs.
Steel
Beams,
Girders
and
Trusses
Protected
by a
Ceiling.J
Ceiling of 1i in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-
vermiculite plaster, on metal lath suspended beneath
structural members and ducts. Lath supported not
less than 3~ in. below structural members. Duct
openings not to exceed 85 sq. in. in each 100 sq. ft.
ceiling area; not more than one electrical outlet in
each 90 sq ft. ceiling area. Plaster mix: scratch coat
2 to 2~ cu. ft. and brown coat 3 to 334 cu. ft.
vermiculite to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Damper pro-
tection, duct locations and other details as specified
in U.L. listinge, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No. 1-3 HR
3
hrs.
REFERENCES
ee Portions
junction boxes
cc Wallboard or coreboard with a specially formulated core which provides
greater fire resistance than regular wallboard or coreboard of the same thickness.
electrical raceways and
(1) "Fire Resistance of Brick Walls," National Bureau of Standards Tech-
nical News Bulletin No. 124, Aug., 1927.
(2) "Fire Resistance of Sand-Lime and Concrete Brick Walls," National
Bureau of Standards Technical News Bulletin No. 132, April, 1928.
(3) Underwriters' Laboratories, Ine. Card Data Service card "C85 Clay
Brick, Common, Walls and Partitions-Fire Retardant Classification" (Serial No.
UL128, Jan., 1939).
(4) "Fire Resistance of Hollow Load-Bearing Wall Tile," National Bureau
of Standards Research Paper No. 37, 1928.
(5) "A Study of the Fire Resistance of Building Materials" Bulletin No.
104 of the Engineering Experiment Station of Ohio State University (Jan., 1940).
(6) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment Station Report No.
T-26, Bulletin of the Board of Standards and Appeals of the City of New York.
July 19, 1941.
of this concrete
may consist of a 2
dd Portions of this concrete slab not containing
junction boxes may consist of a 3 in. concrete slab.
slab not containing
in. concrete slab.
electrical
raceways
and
bb This construction is not acceptable for use where a 2-haur construction is
required to be of noncombustible materials, as is specified for all two-hour parti-
tions in the National Building Code.
'{
Type
BEAM, GIRDER AND TRU.SS PROTECTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
Details
of
Construction
Rating
'.
.
z Ratings given are for fire exposure from the plastered
higher ratings were obtained with brick face exposed to fire.
BB Wire ties of No.8 SWG (0.16 in. diam.) steel wire
steel colul1Ul on a pitch of 8 in.
wound
spirally around
FIRE
,_
RESISTANCE
RATINGS
e
e
FIRE
RESISTANCE
e
RATINGS
side.
Somewhat
e
FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS
.e
e
e
FIRE RESISTANCE
BEAM, GIRDER AND TRUSS PROTECTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
.
.~.
.
No.
Testing Sta-
Report
Laboratories
Fire
University
RATINGS
C. E. Testing
Columbia
of
at
F.
Rating
Protection
of
Details
Type
Steel
Beams,
Girders
and
Trusses
Protected
by a
CeilingJ
p
No,
No.
No.
Report
Report
Report
C. E. Testing Laboratories
C. E. Testing Laboratories
Laboratories
of
of
of C. E. Testing
F.
F.
4 hrs.
few
(25) Columbia University, Dept.
F. W. 56, July, 1930 (unpublished).
(26) "Fire Tests of Building Columns," a joint report of Underwriters'
Laboratories, Inc., the Associated Factory Mutual Fire Insurance Companies and
the National Bureau of Standards, 1920.
No.
nonstandard tests made prior to 1912.
of C. E. Testing Laboratories Report
(24)
hrs.
4
Ceiling of 15/16 in. (measured from face of lath) U.L.
listed cementitious mixture, on metal lath suspended
beneath structural members and ducts. Lath sup-
ported not less than 3~ in. below structural mem-
bers. Duct openings not to exceed 113 sq. in. in
each 100 sq. ft. of ceiling area. Damper protection
and other details as specified in U.L. listingc, under
Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design
No. 12-4 HR (Beam 4 HR)
~ .~
I
4 hrs,
4 hrs.
4 hrs.
Ceiling of ~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-
perlite plaster on metal lath suspended beneath struc-
tural members and ducts. Lath supported not less
than 2~ in. below structural members. Duct open-
ings not to exceed 70 sq. in. in each 100 sq. ft. of
ceiling area. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and
brown coat 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite to 100 Ibs.
fibered gypsum. Damper protection and other de-
tails as specified in U.L. listingc, under Floor or
Roof, and Ceiling Censtructions-Design No. 8-3
HR (Beam 4 HR)
Ceiling of ~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum.
perlite plaster, on metal lath suspended beneath struc-
tural members and ducts. Lath supported not less
than 3~ in. below structural members. Duct open-
ings not to exceed 70 sq. in. in each 100 sq. ft. of
ceiling area; not more than one electrical outlet in
each 90 sq. ft. of ceiling, area. Plaster mix: scratch
coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed
perlite to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Damper protec-
tion, duct locations and other detail!! as specified in
U.L. listingc, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Con-
structions-Design No. 5-4 HR.
.
(27) "Fire Resistance of Concrete Columns," National Bureau of Standards
Technologic Paper No. 272, 1925.
(28) "Fire Tests of Columns Protected with Gypsum," National Bureau of
Standards Research Paper No. RP563, 1933.
(29) "Fire Test of a Building Column," National Bureau of Standards
Technical News Bulletin No. 246, Oct., 1937.
(30) Ohio State University Research Foundation Report No. 38, July, 1945
(unpublished). Abstract of report published in reference (42).
(31) "Fire Resistance of Heavy Timber Construction," National Bureau of
Standards Technical News Bulletin No. 349, May, 1946.
(32) Report of Committee on Tests Re: Cal. No. 163-46 SM, Bulletin of
the Board of Standards and Appeals of the City of New York, Dec. 17, 1946.
(33) "Fire-Resistance and Sound-Insulation Ratings for Walls, Partitions
and Floors," National Bureau of Standards Technical Report on Building Mate-
rials TRBM-44, June 24, 1946.
Panel No.4 by Ray-
California, Oct. 1945
(34) Fire Test of Three-inch Precast Gypsum Wall
mond E. Davis, Consulting Engineer, University of
(unpublished). .
o
(35) Fire Tests of Precast Gypsum Wall Panels, by Raymond E. Davis,
Consulting Engineer, University of California, Oct. 17, 1945 (unpublished).
(36) "Chemical Treatment Increases Fire Resistance 'Of . Wood," National
Bureau of Standards Technical News Bulletin No. 352, Aug., 1946.
(37) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment Station Report Project
No. T-1l8, Mar. 10, 1947 (unpublished).
test data obtained
(:,:~
recognized
of recognized
Columbia University, Dept.
May, 1926 (unpublished).
Report of Test Conducted
15-18, 1913 (unpublished).
Columbia University, Dept.
Dec., 1922 (unpublished).
Columbia University, Dept.
Dec., 1931 (unpublished).
(22) Columbia University, Dept.,
F. W. 73, Jan., 1933 (unpublished).
(23) No known tests of brick arch floor construction, but such construction
has been recognized for many years as satisfactory for buildings of fire-resistive
construction.
Based on a
(18)
W.30,
(19)
tion Aug.
(20)
W.20,
(21)
W.67,
Ceiling of % in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-
vermiculite plaster covered with ~ in. vermiculite
acoustical plastic, on metal lath supported so as to
provide not less than 2~ in. air space between lath
and structUral members. Plaster mix: scratch coat
2 to 2~ cu. ft. and brown coat 3 to 3~ cu. ft. U.L.
listed vermiculite to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Other
details as specified in U.L. listingc, under Floor or
Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 4-4 HR.
Ceiling of 1~ in. (measured from face of lath) U.L.
listed sprayed fiber on metal lath, and ~ in. sprayed
fiber applied directly to structural members, with at
least l~ in. air space between lath and ~ in. pro-
tection. Steel members to project not more than 7 in.
below ceiling surface. Other details as specified in
U.L. listingc, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Con-
structions-Design No. 4-3 HR (Beam 4 HR). ........
of
report
report
from unpublished
from unpublished
obtained
data
test
(38) Based on
testing laboratory,
(39) Based on
testing laboratory,
page 47.
Letter superscripts refer to notes,
Project
Station Report
(40) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment
No. T-129, Jan. 24, 1948 (unpublished).
'I
.
e
Project
Products
Station Report
Clay
Structural
(41) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment
No. T-1l8, March, 1948 (unpublished).
of Structural
Tile,
Facing
so
Fire Resistance
August, 1948.
(42)
Institute,
6
Ceiling of 1 in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-
perlite plaster on metal lath, with back plaster on
ceiling lath to be not less than 1 in., and on beam
1~ to 3 in., especially at corners. Lath supported
so as to provide not less than 3 in. air space between
lath and structural members. , Steel members to pro-
ject not more than 8 in. below ceiling surface. Plaster
mix: scratch and brown coat 2 to 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed
nprlitp tn tOO Ih. fihprprl avn.l1m nth"r rlpt,,"_ ".
;p~~ifiecr i;-U.L.-'li;ti~~~ ;~d~'=-'-Floo-;' "~-; R~~'Ca;j
Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 3-4 HR.
Letter refer to notes,
superscripts
page 47.
4 hI'S.
--
-
62-A-R3390-7
62-B-R3390-5
62-C-R3390
62-D-R3390-6
62-E-R3390-9
G2-F-R3390-3
51
62-G-R3390-4
62-H-R3390-8
62- I -R3390-11
62- J -R3390-12
62-lC-R3390-13
62- L- R3390-1 0
62-~-R3390-15
(46) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment Station Project T-118,
Reports No. 31 and 32, March, 1950 (unpublished).
(47) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment Station Project T-118.
Reports No. 20 and 21, May, 1950 (unpublished).
(48) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment Station Project T-118,
Reports No. 23 and 24, November, 1949 (unpublished).
(49) Based on test data obtained from unpublished report of recognized
testing laboratory.
(50) Based on test data obtained from unpublished report of recognized
testing laboratory.
(51) Based on test data obtained from unpublished report of recognized
testing laboratory.
(52) Based on test data obtained from unpublished report of recognized
testing laboratory.
(53) Based on test data obtained from unpublished report of recognized
testing laboratory.
(54) Report of Raymond E. Davis, Consulting Engineer University of
California, Oct. 3, 1949 and Supplementary report Dee. 20, 1949 (unpublished).
(55) Report of Raymond E. Davis, Consulting Engineer University of
California, Jan. 23, 1948 (unpublished).
(56) Based on test data obtained from unpublished report of recognized
testing laboratory. '
(57) Based on test data obtained from unpublished report of recognized
testing laboratory.
(58) Based on test data obtained from unpublished report of recognized
testing laboratory.
(59) "Fire Resistance of Structural Clay Tile Partitions," National Bureau
of Standards Report BMS 113, 1948.
(60) "Fire Resistance of Walls of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete ~asonry
,Units," National Bureau of Standards Report B~S 117, 1950.
Concrete
Steel
Beams,
Girders
and
Trusses
Protected
by a
Ceiling.S
Ceiling of 1 in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-
vermiculite plaster, on metal lath supported so as to
provide not less than 2~ in. air space between lath
and structural members. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2
to 2~ cu. ft. and brown coat 3 to 3~ cu. ft. of U.L.
listed vermiculite to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Other
details as specified in U.L. Iistingc, under Floor or
Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 2-4 HR,
or Design No. 7-4 HR
4 hI'S.
jll>
~.
Resistance of Walls of Gravel-Aggregate
Bureau of Standards Report B~S 120, 1951.
(62) Reports of Fire Tests of Reinforced Concrete Slab and
Underwriters Laboratories, Inc.
(61) "Fire
Units," National
Beam Floors,
Masonry
in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster on metal lath. Plaster mix: scratch coat
2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite
to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Other details as specified
in U.L. listinge, .under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No. 3-1 HR (Beam 1 HR).
1~ in. sprayed fiber on metal lath cage spaced at least
3 in. from the bottom and 2 in. from edges of structural
members. Other details as specified in U.L. listingc,
under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-
Design No. 3-3 HR (Beam 1 HR)
1
1
hr.
hr.
'.
.""
, I
VII in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum vermiculite
plaster on metal lath supported by metal hangars
anchored in concrete pads over beams. Pl,aster mix:
scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. U.L.
listed vermiculite to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Other
details as specified in U.L. listingc, under Floor or
Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 1-1~
HR (Beam 1~ HR)
1~ hr.
in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum vermiculite
plaster on metal lath supported by metal lath hangars.
Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu. ft. and brown coat
3 cu. ft. of U.L. listed vermiculite to 100 Ibs. of fibered
gypsum. Other details as specified in U.L. Iistinge,
under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-
Design No. 3-2 HR (Beam 2 HR)
2 hI'S.
Steel
Beams,
Girders
and
Trusses
Individually
Protected
~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-vermicu-
lite plaster on metal lath. Plaster mix: scratch coat
2 cu. ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed vermi-
culite to 100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Other details as
specified in U.L. listingc, under Floor or Roof, and
Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 7-3 HR (Beam
2 HR)
2 hI'S.
(45) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment Station Project T-118,
Reports No. 29 and 30, June, 1950 (unpublished). Test results in brief fonn pub-
lished in Bulletin of the Board of Standards and Appeals of the City of New
York, September 19, 1950.
'~
(44) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment Station Project No.
T-118, Reports No. 25, 26 and 26A, June, 1950 (unpublished). Test results in
brief form .published in Bulletin of the Board of Standards and Appeals of the
City of New York, September 19, 1950.
Type
BEAM, GIRDER AND TRUSS PROTECTIONS-Continued
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
Details
of
Protection
Rating
Ie
u
.'
(43) Based on a study of the results of standard fire tests, together with the
results of nonstandard fire tests reported in "Tests of the Fire Resistance and
Strength of Walls of Concrete Masonry Units," Portland Cement Association,
January, 1934.
e
FIRE RESISTANCE
RATINGS
e
e
.
FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS
"
e
RATINGS
e
e
e
FIRE RESISTANCE
RESISTANCE
BEAM, GIRDER AND TRUSS PROTECTIONS
Fire Resistance Ratings Based on Standard Fire Tests
FIRE
RATINGS
(63) Based on test data obtained from unpublished report of recognized
testing laboratory. Test results in brief form published in Bulletin of the Board
of Standards and Appeals of the City of New York, September 23, 1952.
..
.
Rating
P.oteetion
of
Details
Type
National Bureau of Stand-
1951.
(64) "Fire Endurance of Hollow Brick: Walls,"
ards Technical News Bulletin Vol. 35, No.4, April,
1~ in) concrete, coarse aggregate air cooled slag,
expanded slag, crushed limestone, calcareous gravel,
siliceous gravel or traprock. (62)
Reinforced
Concrete
Beams,
Girders
and
Trusses
"
Floors with Concrete Slabs
Report BMS 141, 1954.
(65) "Fire Endurance of Open-Web Steel-Joist
and Gypsum Ceilings," National Bureau of Standards
1~ in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum-perlite
plaster on metal lath cage of self furring metal lath
which puts back of lath ~ in. from steel. Plaster
mix: scratck and brown coat 2 cu. ft. U.L. listed
perlite to 100 Ibs. gypsum. Other details as specified
in U.L. lis tinge, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No. 5-3 HR (Beam 4 HR)
or Design No. 8-4 HR. ,....."..........,.......'...',..,.................
2 in. (measured from face of lath) U.L. listed vermicu-
lite acoustical plastic on metal lath cage. Other de-
tails as specified in U.L. Iistingc, under Floor or Roof,
and Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 10-4 HR
(Beam 4 HR). ..........."...,...............,.........,......,...,....,....,....
1~ in. (measured from face of lath) U.L. listed sprayed
fiber on metal lath attached to 5/16 in. rod bent
around beam. Rod spaced at least 1 in. from bottom
flange of beam. Other details as specified in U.L.
listingc:, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Construc-
tions-Design No. 13-4 HR (Beam 4 HR). ..............
3~ in. U.L. listed sprayed fiber applied directly to
adhesive coated steel beam. Other details as specified
in U.L. Iistingc:, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No. 11-4 HR (Beam 4 HR).
1~ in. U.L. listed sprayed fiber on metal lath bent
around % in. U-shaped channels stiffened with % in.
or 1 in. channels, putting face of lath 1% in. from
% in. U.L. listed sprayed fiber on beam. Other details
as specified in U.L. Iistingc:, under Floor or Roof, and
Ceiling Constructions-Design No. 6-4 HR (Beam
4 HR). .....,........,..................................',..............,..................
2 in. U.L. listed sprayed fiber applied directly to steel
beam. Other details as specified in U.L. Iistinge,
under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling Constructions-
Design No. 14-4 HR (Beam 3 HR). ..,....,........,...........
2~ in. U.L. listed sprayed fiber applied directly to
adhesive coated steel beam. Other details as specified
in U.L. listinge, under Floor or Roof, and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No. 9-4 HR (Beam 3 HR)
or Design No. 9-3 HR. ....................,.....',..."....,...........,....
1 in. (measured from face of lath) gypsum perlite
plaster on metal lath supported by % in. channels
boxed around beam, which puts back of lath at least
1 ~ in. from the bottom and 1 ~ in. from edges of
structural members. Plaster mix: scratch coat 2 cu.
ft. and brown coat 3 cu. ft. U.L. listed perlite to
100 Ibs. fibered gypsum. Other details as specified
in U.L. listinge, under Floor or Roof. and Ceiling
Constructions-Design No. 6-3 HR (Beam 2 HR).
Letter refer to notes,
4 hrs.
Project No.
(67) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment Station Project No.
T-162, Dec., 1950 (unpublished). Test results in brief form published in Bulletin
of the Board of Standards and Appeals of the City of New York, July 10, 1951.
Station
(66) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment
T-147, July, 1949 (unpublished).
Steel
Beams,
Girders
and
Trusses
Individually
Protected
of
University
Engineer,
Consulting
(68) Report of Raymond E. Davis,
California, Oct. 18, 1945 (unpublished).
data obtained from
4 hrs.
4 brs.
of recognized
of
of
of
University
University
University
report
Consulting Engineer,
Consulting Engineer,
Consulting Engineer,
unpublished
test
(70) Report of Raymond E. Davis,
California, Sept. 19, 1949 (unpublished).
(71) Report of Raymond E. Davis,
California, Oct., 1949 (unpublished).
(72) Report of Raymond E. Davis,
California, Aug. 3, 1948 (unpublished).
(73) Report of Raymond E. Davis,
California, Apr. 11, 1951 (unpublished).
(69) Based on
testing laboratory.
.
.
of
of
University
University
Consulting Engineer,
Engineer,
Consulting
(74) Report of Raymond E. Davis,
~alifornia, Apr. 14, 1948 (unpublished).
test data obtained from
4 hrs.
MS.
4 hrs.
4
recognized
of
of recognized
University of
T-22,
University
Station Project
report
of
report
Engineer,
Engineer,
unpublished
(76) Report of Raymond E. Davis,
California, Oct. 6, 1947 (unpublished).
(77) Report of Raymond E. Davis,
California, May 21, 1947 (unpublished).
(78) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment
Report No.1, Jan. 8, 1940 (unpublished).
(79) Based on test data obtained from unpublished
testing laboratory.
(80) "Fire Tests of Wood Framed Walls
Cement Facings," National Bureau of Standards
Slabs and
Consulting
Consulting
(75) Based on
testing laboratory.
.
J
and Partitions with Asbestos-
Report BMS 123, 1951.
" National Bureau
3 hrs.
2 hrs.
MS.
3
page 47.
5
superscripts
.
;ol'
.
e
of
Project
Project
Project
No.
Project No.
No.
No.
Project
Project
Station
Station
Station
Station
Station
Station
Partitions,
(82) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment
T-1l8, Reports No. 27 and 28, June, 1950 (unpublished).
(83) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment
T-118, Reports No. 35 and 36, June, 1950 (unpublished).
(84) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment
No. T-347, February 21, 1955 (unpublished).
(85) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment
No. T-183, June 1953 (unpublished).
(86) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment
T-194, Reports No.1 and I-A, Apr., 1952 (unpublished).
(87) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment
T-209, Reports No. 2-A and 2-B, Oct., 1952 (unpublished)
52
"Fire Tests of Gunite
Report BMS 131, 1952.
(81)
Standards
4
.
.
S3
L1!l
~
Numbers in parenthesis
details of protection refer to
tables, after the notes.
U.L. refers to
Underwriters'
Laboratories, Inc.
(103)
No. T-304,
given in the tables under details of construction or
references to sources of data listed at the end of the
Letters appearing in the
given at the end of the tables.
.'
.
(102)
No. T -346,
Report of Raymond E. Davis, Consulting Engineer,
March 22, 1955 (unpublished).
Ohio State University Engineering Experiment
February 4, 1955 (unpublished).
Ohio State University Engineering Experiment
December 29, 1954 (unpublished).
Station
Project
Station
Project
Explanatory Notes and References
tables as refer
superscripts
to explanatory notes
Thickness of plaster is measured from the face of the plaster base, except
that with metal lath it is measured from the back of the lath unless otherwise
stated., The usual 1/16 in. white or finish coat of plaster may be included in the
required plaster thickness.
Ceilings of plaster on metal lath, unless otherwise
ratings, may be in contact, furred, or suspended.
specified
in
individual
Plaster of gypsum and sand may be richer in
for a given rating unless otherwise indicated.
Plasters with vermiculite or perlite aggregate
specified for a given rating.
must
be of
the proportions
as
(95) "Fire Tests of Steel Columns Protected with Siliceous Aggregate
Concrete," National Bureau of Standards Report BMS 124, 1951.
(96) Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. Standard for Concrete Masonry Units.
Subject 618, 1953.
(97) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment Station Project No.
T-1l8, Reports No. 48 and 48-A, May, 1951 (unpublished).
(98) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment Station Project No.
T-l64, August, 1950 (unpublished). Test results in brief form published in
Bulletin of the Board of Standards and Appeals of the City of New York,
December 19, 1950.
(100) Ohio State University Engineering Experiment Station
No. T -316, October 25, 1954 (unpublished).
(101)
California,
University of
Project
Plaster
for a given
unless
of cement and sand may be richer
rating unless otherwise indicated.
gypsum
cement
content than
content
than
specified
specified
(93) "Fire Tests of Brick
BMS 143, November 30, 1954.
(94) Based on test data
testing laboratory.
(88) Based on test
testing laboratory.
(89) Ohio State University Engineering
T-99, March, 1952 (unpublished).
(90) Based on test data obtained from
testing laboratory.
(91) "SCR Brick Wall Fire Resistance Test" by Ohio State University
Engineering Experiment Station, Research Report No.2. Structural Clay Prod-
ucts Research Foundation, Sept. 22, 1952.
"Fire Tests of Steel Columns Encased With Gypsum Lath
National Bureau of Standards Report BMS 135, 1953.
Walls," National Bureau of Standards
Plaster mixes are designated as follows: "1 :2, 1:3 gypsum and sand plaster"
which indicates two coats of plaster, the first or scratch coat made of 1 part
gypsum to 2 parts sand, and the second or brown coat of 1 part gypsum to 3 parts
sand.
Plaster
proportions
are by
weight
otherwise
ill
indicated.
(92)
Plaster,"
obtained
from
unpublished
report
of
recognized
Report
and
Plaster
Ceiling constructions described under Floor and Ceiling Constructions cannot
be used interchangeably with other floor constructions to obtain the fire resistance
rating of the floor and ceiling construction from which the ceiling construction
was taken.
~
unpublished
report
of
recognized
,.
'~
.;
Experiment
Station
Project
No.
Ceiling Constructions
FIREIISTANCE
RATINGS
e
e
data
FIRE RESISTANCE
obtained
from
unpublished
.
RATINGS
report
of
recognized
FIRE RESISTANCE !.INGS
e
exposure or the
"Vith columns, beams and girders the critical feature is usually the ability
to carry the load under fire exposure, which in turn is usually dependent on the
heat insulating value of the protective covering and its ability to stay in place
during the fire exposure.
\Vith noncombustible floor constructions the critical feature has usually been
the temperature rise Oll the top (unexposed) surface in view of adequate protection
provided on the under side, but ceiling protection is important and if deficient the
critical feature becomes the load carrying ability under fire exposure which is
dependent on the ceiling protection. V\'here the ceiling protection consists chiefly
of plaster on some form of lath the method of attachment of the lath and the
security with which it and the plaster are held in place during the fire exposure
are often critical features. Falling of any considerable portion of the plaster and
lath during the fire exposure period makes the possible collapse of such floors
under load (whether of combustible or noncombustible construction) a cr,itical
feature in the test results. This has been the case in a number of floor tests.
~
II
il
ij
.~'
.'
~
e
e
fire
the critical feature 'may be the load carrying ability under
resistance to hose stream penetration.
.1
.
It should be noted that ratings of plaster facings' on walls and partitions are
not applicable to similar finishes on ceilings, for under fire exposure plaster may
fall from a ceiling considerably before it will fall from a vertical surface, even
though it be applied to the same plaster base in both cases.
Fire Walls. Fire resistance ratings as determined by the standard fire
test do not provide an adequate basis for specifying minimum thickness of fire
walls of buildings, In brief general terms, the standard fire test is made on a
sample wall about 10 feet square and to be rated as a 4-hour wall, for example.
the sample must stand up under the standard exposure fire and bear its rated
load, if of load bearing construction, for a period of 4 hours without attaining a
temperature on its unexposed face higher than 250 F. above the starting tempera-
ture. The hose stream test which is also specified is made on a like sample
exposed to only a I-hour fire so that this test is not a critical factor in such walls,
It is obvious that a fire test as described will not measure the ability of a
wall many times the size of the test panel to stand up against fire exposure ex-
tending over more or less its entire area. Walls expand when heated and in severe
building fires it is common to see them curl and fall as the result of such expan-
sion on the heated side. Ability to withstand the impact from collapsing floors
and falling objects is also important.
,.~
.
When a wall is called upon to stop a spreading fire that is reaching or has
attained conflagration proportions it must have stability against collapse or over-
turning far in excess of that presented by certain types of construction which
develop a 4-hour resistance; in the standard fire test, if it is to serve its purpose.
Therefore until tests have been developed that will measure the kind of per-
formance recluired in fire walls of buildings, it is necessary to a considerable
extent, as in the National Building Code, to specify thickness and required
lateral support of walls on the basis of experience and their performance in
actual fires,
GENERAL NOTES
Construction
All ratings are based on use of materials and forms of construction in full
conformity with requirements of the National Building Code, and in compliance
with any applicable material specifications of the American Society for Testing
Materials.
Materials and Forms of
I
I~
!['
r
I
The thicknesses of walls, partitions and floor slabs specified in the tables are
based on fire resistance only and are not to be construed as permitting such
thicknesses where other considerations require greater thicknesses. See for ex-
ample the Code provisions regarding height and thickness of masonry walls in
section 909 of the National Building Code.
3
e
e
CRITICAL FEATURES IN FIRE RESISTANCE RATINGS. With masonry walls and
partitions the critical feature in determining the fire resistance rating under the
standard fire test is usually the temperature rise on the unexposed surface or in
other words its resistance to heat transmission. However, with some constructions,
2
.'
e
HOLLOW UNITS. It should be noted that with hollow constructions and with
constructions composed of hollow units the thickness of the hollow space is a
relatively minor factor in the, fire resistance. Comparative tests have indicated
that it is the total thickness of solid material in the unit rather than the total
thickness of the unit which is the principal factor. Therefore, with constructions
involving hollow block or tile, use of a thicker unit of the same material will
increase the rating only if and as the thickness of solid m~terial in the unit is
increased. An increase in rating may be obtained by filling the cores,
WALLBOARD. Special gypsum wallboard or coreboard with a specially formu-
lated core affords greater fire resistance than does the conventional or ordinary
type gypsum wallboard or coreboard of the same thickness. Constructions in-
corporating a, special wallboard or coreboard are so noted under details of con-
struction.
...
The
increases
The increase in fire resistance obtained by addition of a plaster coating is
shown in the tables for certain constructions. In general, a facing of ~ -inch
portland cement or gypsum plaster will usually increase the fire resistance of a
I-hour assembly by ~-hour. On 2-, 3- and 4-hour assemblies the increase for the
same kind and thickness of plaster will be progressively greater, amounting usually
to about I hour on a 4-hour assembly. If applied to two sides of a masonry par-
tition the effectiveness is double that of plaster on one side. Plaster coatings, to
be effective in adding to the fire resistance periods when combustible structural
members are framed in, must be on the exposed faces of the walls opposite to the
faces in which the combustible members are inserted.
aggregate in
use
its
of perlite or vermiculite
resistance to fire.
place
of
sand
in
plaster,
'.
'I.
The richness of the plaster mix has a considerable eliect on the fire resistance,
particularly with gypsum plaster, and if the listed ratings are to be obtained the
mix must be as specified.
I,'"
'.
.
PLASTER. In constructions where plaster coatings provide an important part
of the fire resistance, it is important to note the kind of plaster, its thickness, the
type and proportions of the ingredients, and the type and method of fastening the
lath. Gypsum plaster is superior to portland cement or lime plaster in resisting
heat transmission. Unless asbestos or other fiber is added to portland cement
plaster, its fire resistance is further limited by cracking and spalling.
Applying Test Results to Modified Forms of Construction. Because small
differences in quality of materials, forms of construction and dimensions of parts,
in some cases, make large differences in the fire resistance, care must be exercised
in applying test ratings to constructions which differ from those actually tested.
Some of the factors which need to be considered are the following.
CONCRETE. The fire resistance of concrete depends to a considerable extent on
the kind and quality of coarse aggregate used. Siliceous gravel aggregates which
contain a large percentage of chert or flint give lower ratings than limestone,
trap rock, slag and a number of other aggregates.
The relation between kind of aggregate and fire resistance well
lustrated in the ratings given for concrete protections for steel
rating IS
columns.
Many of the tests on columns were made prior to 1925 with column loads
somewhat lower than permitted today. In certain cases this necessitates considera-
tion of the effect of greater allowable loads on the fire resistance rating.
Many tests have been made on samples smaller than the minimum size speci-
fied in the standard fire test. Such tests cannot be considered the equivalent of
tests made on samples of standard size. In some cases they may be satisfactory
in determining heat transmission characteristics, from which fairly reliable esti-
mates of the fire resistance rating may be made, provided other characteristics
affecting performance of the assembly in the standard fire test have been estab-
lished, but such estimates must be made with considerable caution.
The above factors have been taken into account in arriving at the ratings
shown in the following tables.
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FIRE RESISTANCE' RATINGS
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Fire Resistance Ratings
The following tables present for the information of building inspectors and
other public officials, architects, engineers and others interested in fire safety in
buildings, types of construction' which, provide fire resistance ratings of I, 1~,
2, 2~, 3 and 4 hours, as may be required by codes or regulations. The data cover.
, Beam, girder and truss protectioI\s
Ceiling constructions
Column protections
Floor and ceiling constructions
Roof constructions
Walls and partitions.
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The tables are set up in terms of minimum requirements (type, details ot
construction and thickness of materials) for the specified fire resistance, and in
such 'form as to fit the requirements for hours fire resistance given in building
codes. Some constructions, such as brick walls and .certain column protections,
have obtained test ratings higher than required by building codes, and hence higher
than, indicated ~n the tables. For further data the original references, shown by
numbers in parenthesis, should be consulted.
The fire resistance rating of a wall or partition or floor and ceiling construc-
tion is essentially the time in hours the construction will remain in place and
prevent temperatures 011 the unexposed side from exceeding a certain amount
when the construction is exposed to the standard test fire. The fire resistance
rating of a column is the time in' hours the column will stay in place and carry
its load. The usefulness of the assembly after the fire exposure is not taken into
account, and damage to the assembly is not necessarily a factor in the rating.
Ratings shown as "Based on Standard Fire Tests" are ratings derived from
tests made. substantially in accord with the "Standard Methods of Fire Tests of
Building Construction and Materials," ASTM E1l9.
Grouped separately from ratings based on standard tests are estimated ratings
of certain forms of construction which have been commonly recognized in building
codes but for which standard test data have not been available. Such ratings have
been included to fill some of the important gaps in the tables of ratings based on
standard tests, so that building inspectors and other users of these tables would
have some information to go by pending the time when more adequate test data
become available.
The data given under estimated ratings do not include details on attachment,
but it is assumed that the protection will be securely attached in such a way that
it will remain in place during fire exposure.
The tables include the ratings shown in the January, 1956 Fire Protection
Equipment List of Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., and the Supplements thereto
through October. Listings of Underwriters' Laboratories made since that date may
include additional ratings. For data on any such ratings. see the latest issue of the
Fire Protection Equipment List, which is published by Underwriters' Laboratories,
Inc. annually with bi-monthly supplements.
Attention is called to the fact that with ratings based on currently published
listings by Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., there is reasonable assurance that
the listed materials will conform in weight, dimension, and quality to those which
developed the original test rating, but that with other ratings the materials cur-
rently available may not necessarily be the same weight, dimensions and quality
as those which were originally tested and rated.
Where an assembly is specified to be of noncombustible materials, care must
be exercised in selecting from the tables only assemblies which are made of non-
combustible materials.
Analyzing Test Data. In judging and interpreting test results it is
necessary to analyze carefully the test data if ratings therefrom are to be on
a comparable basis.
With many of the older fire tests the fire exposure differed to a considerable
extent from the present standard fire exposure, and with many of the early floor
fire tests top surface temperatures were not obsened. '
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This edition is a revision
of the edition dated 1955
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6.
(a). Wooden columns in the several stories of a building, shall
be set directly above one another, on top of the column below.
(b). The loads on wooden columns shall be transmitted to
the columns below through reinforced concrete or metal caps with
brackets, or through metal caps and bases with pintle connections
or other approved column connections; provided that wooden bol-
sters may be used to support roof girders.
18
5. Load-bearing partitions.
(a). Load-bearing partitions shall be the equivalent of 2 x 4-
inch studs, nominal dimensions, spaced not to exceed 16 inches on
centers with the larger dimension perpendicular to the wall. All
openings shall have studs doubled on each side and if more than 3
feet and 6 inches wide they. shall be trussed over or shall have lintels
of sufficient size to carry the load.
(b). Load-bearing stud partitions shall have top plates not
smaller than double 2 x :4-inch, nominal dimensions, and shall be
set over girders or other partitions below, with the space between
the ceiling and the floor above firestopped with solid 2-inch, nominal
thickness plank, or with noncombustible material.
Wooden columns.
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2. Walls. Exterior enclosure
and stable weatherproof exterior.
19
l;~
walls
SECTION NONCOMBUSTIBLE CONSTRUCTION
1. Definition~ Noncombustible construction, as applied to
buildings, means that in which all structural members, including
floors, roofs and their supports, are of steel, iron, concrete, or of
other noncombustible materials, and in which the exterior walls are
of noncombustible construction having a fire resistance rating of
not less than t,vc hours.
shall
provide a durable
18.
9. Mansard roofs. Mansard or other slanting roofs having a
pitch of more than 600 from the horizontal, hereafter placed on a
building over 40 feet in height, shall be of fireproof construction or
semifireproof construction.
10. Draft stops in attic spaces. Attic spaces shall be divided
into areas of 3.000 square feet or less by tight draft stops; these shaIl
be of 2 thicknesses of I-inch lumber with joints broken or the equiva~
lent, with access doors of similar construction.
4.
(a). All trimmers and at least one beam or joist in every six
feet resting on masonry walls, shall be secured to such walls by
approved metal anchors attached at or near the bottom in a manner
to be self-releasing. Each end of a trimmer, beam or joist that
is supported by a girder, shall be secured or tied in an approved
manner to such girder or to a trimmer, beam or joist correspond-
ingly supported from the opposite side of such girder. Anchors and
ties shall be so arranged as to form continuous ties between opposite
masonry walls.
(b). Where floor or roof joists or beams run parallel to ma-
sonry walls such walls. shall be secured to 4 or more joists of the
floor or roof construction by approved metal anchors at maximum
intervals of 8 feet for dwellings, and 6 feet in other buildings.
(c). Wall plates and roof construction shall be anchored to the
walls at least every 6 feet.
(d). Wooden girders shall be anchorec;l to the walls and fas-
tened to each other with suitable steel straps placed near the bottom
of the girder.
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(d). Joists shall be dO~d under partitions which run over
and parallel to the joists, or shall be designed for the load..
(e). The ends of wooden beams and joists resting on masonry
shall be cut to a bevel of 3 inches in their depth.
(f). Wooden joists, beams and girders resting on opposite
sides of a masonry wall shall be separated from one another by
at least 6 inches of solid masonry.
(g). When a wooden girder rests on masonry an air space of
o inch shall be provided on the sides and end of such girder for
ventilation, and each wall bearing end of a girder shall be cut on
a bevel.
Anchorage.
.
.
7. Firestopping.
(a). When the walls are furred, the space created by the fur-
ring shall be firestopped with noncombustible material at floors,
ceilings and roofs. The firestopping shall be the full thickness of
the furring and extend from the ceiling to the underside of the
flooring or roof.
(b). When joists run parallel to the wall the space between
the wall and nearest joist shall be not less than 1 inch and shall
be solidly filled with masonry or approved noncombustible material.
(c). Interior stud partitions shall be firestopped at the floors
and ceiling of each story by a 2-inch nominal dimension, wood
plate, the width of the stud, or the equivalent.
(d). When sliding doors are pocketed in partitions, such
pockets shall be completely firestopped at the top, bottom and ends,
with noncombustible material or with wood not less than 2 inches in
thickness nominal dimension.
(e). Joists shall b.e firestopped at the ends and over supports
for the full depth of the joists with noncombustible material or with
wood not less than 2 inches in thickness, nominal dimension.
(f). No firestopping shall be covered or concealed .until in-
spected by the building official.
8. Bay windows and show windows. Bay windows and show
windows that extend beyond exterior walls shall be constructed of
noncombustible materials; except that show windows that do not
extend above the second story floor level and bay windows on
dwellings may be constructed of wood; when such bay windows of
wood are more than 10 feet in width they shall be covered on the
exterior surfaces with metal or other approved noncombustible,
weatherproof materials.
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(c). Wooden columns shall no~st directly on floor joists.
(d). When supported by masonry, suitable stone or metal
bases shall be set between the column and the masonry.
be provid~etween such door and such
e
such door, shall
of
width
stairs.
(e). Where the size of the exit doorway requires two doors in
the same opening, the doors shall be so hung as to require no center
post in the opening for the doors to close against.
14. Lighting. Required stairways, hallways and other means of
exit, including exterior open spaces to or through which exits lead,
shall be kept adequately lighted at all times that the building served
thereby is occupied.
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3. Structural members. ~I structural members shall be of
steel, iron, reinforced concrete, or of other approved noncombustible
materials.
.
SECTION 16. FIREPROOF, SEMIFIREPROOF AND
HEAVY TIMBER CONSTRUCTION.
Fireproof, semifireproof and heavy timber construction shall
conform to generally accepted-good practice. The 1949 Edition of
the National Building Code recommended by' the National Board
of Fire Underwriters shall be deemed the generally accepted good
practice for these types of construction.
4. Partitions.
(a). If combustible material enters into the construction of
partitions, they shall be built to have a fire resistance rating of not
less than one hour; but this shall not prohibit the use of wooden
doors, door casings, frames, jambs and bucks, window and transom
frames and casings, unless the partitions are required to be fire
partitions. "
(b). Nothing in this section shall prevent the erection of tem-
porary partitions of wood and glass or of metal and glass within
the rooms or spaces occupied by a single tenant.
(c). All permanent partitions shall rest
materials.
noncombustible
on
SECTION 17. ORDINARY CONSTRUCTION.
1. Definition. Ordinary construction, as applied to buildings,
means th~t in which exterior walls and bearing walls are of masonry
or of reinforced concrete, and in which the structural members, in-
cluding columns, floors and roof construction, are wholly or partly
of wood of smaller dimensions than required for heavy timber con-
struction, or of steel or iron not protected as required for semifire-
proof construction.
WOOD FRAME CONSTRUCTION.
1. Definition. Wood frame construction, as applied to build-
ings, means that in which walls and interior construction are wholly
or partly of wood.
19.
SECTION
2. Walls.
(a). Exterior walls and all bearing walls shall be of
or of reinforced concrete.
(b). Exterior walls which are within 3 feet of a lot line along
an adjoining area which is or may be built upon or which are within
6 feet of another building of other than fireproof or semifireproof
construction on the same lot, shall have a fire resistance rating of
not less than 3 hours; except that where the total area of the build-
ings does not exceed 10 times the allowable area for anyone of the
buildings considered such fire resistance rating shall not be required.
masonry
.
.
3. Beams, girders and joists.
(a). Wooden beams and joists, except headers and tail joists,
and except for bearings at joints limited within the allowable
stresses provided in this code, shall have bearings of at least 3
inches in length.
(b). Wooden trimmers, headers, and tail joists over 6 feet in
length, unless supported on walls or girders, shall be hung in ap-
proved metal stirrups or hangers. If wood girders are set flush
with the floor joists, the joists shall rest in approved metal stirrups
or hangers. The ends of joists against the girders shall be securely
nailed to the girders.
(c). Except in the case of pitched roofs, wooden floor and roof
joists having spans in excess of 8 feet shall be rigidly braced with
continuous rows of bridging at intervals not exceeding 8 feet.
17
2. Walls.
(a). Framing for exterior walls shall be constructed to develop
a strength and rigidity equivalent to wooden studding, not less than
2 by 4 inches, nominal dimensions, spaced 16 inches on centers with
the larger dimension perpendicular to the wall, and braced with
sheathing or diagonal bracing at the corners to secure the necessary
ri"gidity; except that in one-story buildings studs not over 10 feet
in length may be spaced not to exceed 24 inches on centers.
(b). In buildings except private garages, an exterior wall
wh~ch is less' than 3 feet distant from the lot line along an adjoining
area which is or may be built upon shall be of noncombustible con-
struction having a fire resistance rating of not less than two hours;
except that the material of the weather surface may be similar to
that of other exterior walls of the building.
(c). An exterior wall which is less than 6 feet distant from
a wall of another building of wood frame construction on the same
lot, shall be of noncombustible construction having a fire resistance
rating of not less than two hours; except that the material of the
weather surface may be similar to that of other exterior walls of
the building; and except that when the aggregate area of the two
buildings does not exceed 10 times the limiting area fixed by this
code for either building, such fire resistance rating shall not be
required.
.
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3. Stucco.
(a). Stucco shall consist of portland cement mortar or other
approved mortar, on approved metal lath, or other approved backing.
(b). Stucco shall be kept at least 8 inches above adjacent
ground surfaces, with sills, coping and other projecting courses pro-
vided with drips.
20
(b). Doorways opening onto a street or to a court or open
space communicating with a street, and serving as a required exit
way for more than 40 persons shall have the doors, including the
doors of vestibules, so hung as to swing open in the direction of exit
travel; but this requirement shall not be construed to prohibit the
use of sliding doors in stables, garages, or shipping and receiving
rooms of business buildings and storage buildings. .
(c). All exit doors in rooms occupied by 40 or more persons
and al1 exit doors in exit ways from places of assembly shal1 be hung
to swing open in tqe direction of exit travel.
(d). No exit door shall open immediately on a flight of stairs,
a landing the length and width of which are not less than the
16
but
.
.
21
Unprotected metal construction, as applied to buildings, means
that in which the structural supports are unprotected metal and in
which floors and roofs are of noncombustible construction, and the
exterior walls are of noncombustible construction having a fire re-
sistance rating of less than 2 hours.
9. Firestopping.
(a). Exterior walls of wood frame construction shall be prop-
erly firestopped at each floor level, at the top story ceiling level, at
the roof level in the case of flat roofs, and at the foot of roof rafters
in the case of sloping roofs.
(b). Joists shall be firestopped at the ends and over supports
for the full depth of the joists.
(c). Interior stud partitions shall be firestopped at the floor
and ceiling of each story by a 2-inch, nominal dimension, wood
plate, the width of the stud, or the equivalent.
(d). When sliding doors are pocketed in partitions, such
pockets shall be completely firestopped at the top, bottom and ends.
(e). Firestopping shall be of noncombustible material or of
wood not less than 2 inches in thickness, nominal dimension. No
firestopping shall be covered or concealed until inspected by the
building official.
10. Draft stops in attic spaces. Draft stops shall
in attic spaces as required by section 17-10.
J
SECTION
TION.
20.
UNPROTECTED METAL CONSTRUC-
be provided
13. Hanging of doors.
(a). The doors of required doorways shall be so hung and ar-
ranged that when fully opened they will not in any way diminish
or obstruct the required width of hallway, stair, or other means of
exit.
11. Exit hallways. The clear width of every hallway or pas-
sage leading to a required exit shall be not less than at the rate of 12
inches for every 100 persons to be accommodated by the hallway but
not less than 44 inches; provided that in multifamily houses or in
case less than 40 persons are to be accommodated, the minimum
clear width may be 36 i,nches.
12. Width of doorways. The aggregate clear width of door-
ways serving as required exits shall be not less than at the rate of 22
inches for every 100 persons to be accommodated. No exit doorway
serving as an exit for more than 40 persons shall have a clear width
of less than 34 inches (nominal 36-inch door.)
.
.
to. Handrails.
(a). Except for steps in aisles, stairs shall have
secured balustrades or guards on both sides.
(b). Such stairs when less than 44 inches in width shall
handrails on at least one side.
(c). Such stairs when required to be 44 inches or more
width shall have handrails on both sides.
(d). When the required width of a flight of stairs exceeds 88
inches, an intermediate handrail, continuous between landings, se-
curely supported and terminating at the upper end in newels or
standards at least 6 feet high, with no projections, shall be pro-
vided.
8. Wooden columns shall
tion 17-6.
conform
to
the requirements of sec-
111
7. Load-bearing partitions shall
of section 17-5.
6. Beams, girders and joists shall conform to the requirements
of section 17-3, paragraphs (a) to (d) inclusive. Where ledger
or ribbon boards are used to support joists, such boards shall be
not less than 1 x 4 inch, nominal dimensions, shall be cut into the
studs and securely nailed with not less than 2 tenpenny nails to each
stud, and the joists shall be spiked to the studs.
conform to
the
requirements
9. Landings.
(a). No flight of stairs shall have a vertical rise of more than
12 feet. between floors or landings; except "that in stairways serving
as exits in public buildings such vertical rise shall not exceed 8 feet.
(b). The length and width of landings shall be not less than
the width of stairways in which they occur.
walls
or
have
wel
5. Anchorage.
(a). In all buildings 20 feet or more in width where joists run
at right angles to the rafters, the rafters shall be tied to the ceiling
joists with wood or metal ties nailed to the foot of alternate rafters
and extending across 4 joists well nailed to each joist.
(b). All joists shall be well lapped and nailed across the build-
ing to form ties between outside walls.
.
.
risers may, in the discretion. the building official, be adjusted to
suit the age of the pupils for which the school is intended. Treads
and risers shall be of uniform width and height in anyone story.
(b). The use of winders is prohibited in required stairways.
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(c). Corrosion-resistant flasl, to prevent moisture from
penetrating behind the stucco, shall be provided over wall openings
and over projecting COurses.
4. Sills. Sills shall be anchored to the foundation walls at
intervals not exceeding 6 feet by anchors equivalent to bolts not less
than 0 inch in diameter with proper washers, embedded at least 6
inches in the foundation.
6. Enclosures of interior stairwl.
(a). All interior stairways in buildings connecting two or
more stories, whether required as exits or not, shall be enclosed,
except as otherwise provided in paragraph (d).
(b). In unsprinklered buildings which exceed 30 feet to the
floor of the topmost story, or are occupied by more than 75 persons
above, or 40 persons below, the first story above grade, not counting
those in the first story, and in multifamily houses 4 stories or more
in height, interior required stairways shall be enclosed with fire
partitions.
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WORKMANSHIP AND MATERIALS.
Workmanship
ma terials shall
SECTION 21
All building materials shall be of good quality.
in the fabrication, preparation and installation of
conform to generally accepted good practice.
.
.
.
DESIGN LOADS, STRESSES AND WIND
SECTION 22.
PRESSURE.
(c). In other buildings interior stairways shall be enclosed in
partitions having a fire resistance rating of not less than one hour.
In buildings of fireproof construction and semifireproof construc-
tion such partitions shall be noncombustible.
An enclosure shall not be required for
(1). A flight of stairs from the main entrance floor to the
next above when such stairs are not a part of a required
(d)
Buildings or structures, including tanks, towers and signs, here-
after erected and all new construction in the alteration of heretofore
erected buildings or structures shall be designed and constructed for
live and dead loads and wind pressures in accordance with the Na-
tional Building Code, 1949 Edition, recommended by the National
Board of Fire Underwriters, and with resulting' stresses not in ex-
cess of those permitted by said code.
mezzanine having
the floor immedi-
floor
sooinvay.
(2). A flight of stairs in a building of fireproof construc-
tion,' semifireproof construction, or a sprinklered building of
heavy timber construction or ordinary construction or non-
combustible construction, when such stairs connect only one
story with one other story immediately above or below it. In
such case the upper end of the stairway shall not connect to a
hallway serving as an exit except through a fire door.
(3). A flight of stairs from a balcony or
an area not exceeding 25 per cent of that of
ately below.
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FOUNDATIONS.
Except when erected upon hardpan or solid rock or upon walls
or piers on the water front, foungation walls or other permanent
supports shall be carried not less than one foot below frost line
and shall rest on solid ground or on leveled rock, or on piles or
ranging timbers when solid earth or rock is not found; provided
that wherf one-story buildings of wood frame construction, ordinary
construction, noncombustible construction or unprotected metal
construction do not exceed 750 square feet in area, such foundation
walls or other permanent supports shall not be required.
23.
SECTION
1. Construction.
(a). All masonry shall be protected against freezing for at
least 48 hours after being placed. Unless adequate precautions
against freezing are taken, no masonry shall be built when the
temperature is below 320 Fahrenheit on a rising temperature or
below 400 on a falling temperature, at the point where the work is
in progress. No frozen materials shall be built upon.
(b). Except when carried independently by girders at each
floor, no wall shall be built up more than 25 feet in height in advance
of other walls of the building.
(c). Masonry walls that meet or intersect shall be adequately
bonded or anchored. Piers having less than 4 square feet of cross-
sectional area when located at an intersection with a wall shall be
bonded into and built as part of that wall.
(d). Except for window-paneled backs and permissible chases
and recesses, walls shall not vary in thickness between their lateral
supports. When a change in thickness, due to minimum thickness
requirements, occurs between floor levels, the greater thickness shall
be carried up to the higher floor level.
(e). Isolated piers or posts on the interior of buildings shall
not be built of stone. The unsupported height of piers shall not
exceed 10 times their least dimension. Hollow masonry units shall
not be used for isolated piers to support beams and girders unless
22
(e). Openings. No openings except the necessary doorways,
and windows opening to the exterior of the building, shall be per-
mitted in a stair enclosure required by this section. Such doorways
shall be equipped with approved self-closing. fire doors, except that
when fire partitions are not required for the enclosure, substantial
self-closing metal or metal covered doors or solid wooden doors of
the flush type of nominal thickness not less than 1% inches may be
used. In school buildings, doors on openings in stair enclosures
may have wired glass panels; the area of such glass in anyone
door shall not exceed 720 square inches.
.
.
MASONRY.
24.
SECTION
7. Width of interior stairways. The minimum unobstructed
width of a stairway serving as a required exit shall be not less than
44 inches; provided that in multifamily houses and storage buildings,
and in other buildings occupied by a single tenant and limited in
occupancy to 40 persons, such width may be 36 inches. The width
of stairs shall be measured between hand rails except where hand
rails project not more than 30 inches into such width.
8. Treads and risers.
(a). Treads and risers of required stairs shall be so propor-
tioned that the product of the width of tread, exclusive of nosing,
and the height of riser, in i~ches, shall be not less than 70 nor more
than 75; but risers shall not exceed 7;14 inches in Aeight, and treads,
exclusive of nosing, shall be not less than 90 inches wide; except
that in schools the proportion and dimensions of the treads and
15
'.
.
14
5. Location of exit doorways. Exit doorways shall be so lo-
cated that no point in a floor area, room or space served by them is
more than 100 feet distant from an exit doorway, measured along
the line of travel; except that when a floor area is subdivided into
smaller areas, such as rooms in hotels, multifamily houses, and
office buildings, the distance from the door of any room, along an
unobstructed hallway, to an exit doorway, shall. be not more than
125 feet, except that hallways above the first story shall not extend
beyond an exit as a dead end more than 50 feet. Where the build-
ing is of fireproof construction or semifireproof construction, or the
building is sprinklered, the above distances may be increa~ed 50
per cent.
.
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23
* As defined in Federal Specification SS-C-ISI b, Masonry Cement.
(b). Type of mortar required. Masonry shall be laid in Type
A, Type B or Type C mortar, except as follows:
Type A mortar shall be used in foundation walls of hollow
masonry units, and in nominal to-inch cavity walls.
Type A or Type B mortar shall be used in footings, foundation
walls of solid masonry units, isolated piers, load bearing or exterior
walls of hollow masonry units, hollow walls and cavity walls ex-
ceeding lO-inch nominai thickness.
Type D mortar may be used in solid masonry walls, other
than parapet walls or rubble stone walls, not in contact with the
(c). Apartments. In multifamily houses exceeding two
stories above the basement, and in every two-story multifamily hOllse
having more than 6 apartments using a common exit way, every
apartment that has not direct exit to a street or to a court opening on
a street, shall have access to at least one additional exit way sepa-
rated from and independent of the primary interior stairway or fire
tower.
C.
D
B
C
I (Masonry
Type 1*)
o to ~ (Port-
land)
(Masonry
Type II*)
(Pprtland)
o
1 to
o
2 to 2~
I~
Not over 3 parts
Not
Not over 9 parts
over 3 parts
(b). From stories. Every story shall have at least one exit
way and every story that exceeds 2,500 square feet in area shall have
at least two separate exit way,s.
A
B
I
1
(Portland)
(Portland)
o to ~
I to I~
Not over 3 parts
Not over 3 parts
Not over 6 parts
OCCUPANCY
Dance hall, lodge room, or place of assembly
Store-street floor and sales basement.
other floors ...........
Space used for occupancies
Public .....
Institutional
Residence
Business
Storage
4. Number of Exits.
(a). From rooms. Every room having an area exceeding
square feet or occupied by more than 100 persons shall have at
two exit ways.
1,000 .
least .
.
Cement
Hydrated
Lime or
Lime
Putty
Aggregate,
measured in a
damp and loose
condition
Mortar
type
40
150
125
100
300
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
Proportions by Volume
solidly filled with concrete or T' A mortar in
allowable load may be increased 25 per cent.
(f). Door and window openings in walls shall be spanned by
well buttressed arches, or by lintels having bearings proportioned
to their loads but not less than 4 inches:
(g). No masonry, except for interior partitions, shall be sup-
ported on wooden girders or other form of wood construction.
(h). No timber, other than nailing blocks not exceeding 2 by 4
by 8 inches in size, shall be placed in masonry walls; except that in
buildings of ordinary construction, timber lintels may be placed
over openings, on the inside of the wall, resting at each end not more
than two inches on the wall, and chamfered or cut to serve as
centres for masonry arches; and with the further exception that
timber members used for decorative purposes may be set against
the masonry, or may be set into the masonry where the wall exceeds
8 inches in thickness.
(i). During erection, walls shall
arches temporarily supported.
Mortar.
Mortar
2.
(a). Mortar used in
tioned in accordance with
Proportions
masonry construction
the following table
not
listed above
GROSS AREA
PER PERSON
15 Sq. Ft.
30" "
60" "
.1
shall
be
propor-
3. Number of occupants.
(a). The dimensions and capacity of exit ways shall
portioned to the number of persons to be accommodated.
(b). When the number of persons to be accommodated by the
exit way is not stated in the application for a permit or is not other-
wise fixed, it shall be decided on the basis of the gross area of the
space devoted to a particular purpose and shall be assumed to be as
follows:
be
adequately braced and
be pro-
open space which' provide~fe access to a street. Exit ways
from any room may lead through other rooms of the same tenancy.
(b). Two or more separate exit ways may use the same corri-
r hallway; provided that such corridor or hallway is enclosed
d separated from exit stairways and other parts of the building
rtitions having a fire resistance rating of not less than one hour.
dor 0
by an
bypa
.
e
.
e
which
case
the
e
LIGHT AND VENTILATION.
e
e
e
soil and not less than 12 inches thick nor more than 35 feet in height,
provided the walls are laterally supported at intervals not exceed-
ing 12 times the wall thickness.
1. Habitable rooms.
(a)~ Every habitable room shall be provided with natural light
and ventilation by one or more windows, opening directly on a street
or on a court conforming to subsection 5 of this section.
(b). Such rooms shall be not less than 7 feet wide in any part,
and shall contain not less than 70 square feet of gross floor area.
Such rooms shall have a clear height of not less than 7 feet 6 inches
for at least 60 square feet of floor area.
2. Other rooms. Every room, other than a habitable room,
used or occupied by persons, except storage rooms with infrequent
occupancy, shall be provided with one or more windows or venti-
lating skylights opening directly on a street or on a court conform-
ing to subsection 5 of this section; or such rooms shall be provided
with an approved means of mechanical ventilation.
14.
SECTION
'.
3. Access to rooms and waterc1osets.
(a). In multifamily houses hereafter erected or altered access
shall be had to living roms, kitchens and bedrooms without pass-
ing through a bedroom.
(b). Access without passing through a bedroom shall also be
provided to at least one water closet, unless every bedroom has
direct connection with a water closet or a bathroom having water
closet accommodation.
'J
,I
1
I
I
I
I
i
I
I
i
..
"
.
Gypsum partition tile and block shall be laid in gypsum mor-
tar. Non-bearing partitions and fireproofing of structural clay
tile may be laid in gypsum mortar. Fire brick shall be laid in fire
clay mortar.
3.
(a). Thickness of Bearing "Walls.
(1) Except as otherwise provided in paragraphs (2) to (6)
below, the minimum thickness of solid masonry bearing walls other
than fire walls and party walls shall be not less than 12 inches for
the uppermost 35 feet of their height, and shall be increased 4 inches
for each successive 35 feet or fraction thereof measured downward
from the top of the wall.
(2) Where solid masonry bearing walls are stiffened at dis-
tances not greater than 12 feet apart by cross walls, or by internal
or external offsets or returns at least 2 feet deep, or 12 feet vertically
by reinforced concrete floors or roof, they may be 12 inches thick
for the uppermost 70 feet, measured downward from the top of the
wall, and shall be increased 4 inches in thickness for each successive
iO feet or fraction thereof.
except stone walls.
Solid masonry walls,
4. Windows.
(a). The aggregate glass area of windows required by this
section shall be not less than 1/10 of the floor area of the room served
by them; provided that in habitable rooms such glass area shall be
not less than 10 square feet, and in bathrooms it shall be not less
than 3 square feet.
(b). Windows or other openings required for ventilation shall
have an aggregate op~nable area of at least 50 percent of the glass
area required for lighting.
5. Courts. Every court or yard if light and ventilation are
dependent on such, required by this section to serve habitable rooms,
shall have a width, at any given level, of not less than 1/3 of the
height of such court, but not less than 6 feet.
.
.
MEANS OF EGRESS.
1. Application of section. Buildings hereafter erected, except
dwellings, shall be provided with exit facilities in accordance with
the requirements of this section. No building shall be altered so
as to reduce the number or capacity of exits to less than required
for new buildings.
15.
SECTION
2. Exit way defined.
(a). "Exit way" means the exit doorway or doorways, or
such doorways together with connecting hallways or stairways,
either interior or exterior, or fire escapes, by means of which per-
sons may proceed safely from a room or space to a street or to an
13
.
II
;1
I,
II
I'
Ii
I
I
(3) In residential buildings not more than 3 stories in height
solid masonry bearing walls may be 8 inches thick when not over
35 feet in height. Walls in one-story dwellings and one-story private
garages may be 6 inches thick when not over 9 feet in height, except
th~1;,.~.h.eight..to~t,h~peak 9J.a ga~le mCl:y""be-M~feet.,.- , ,..-.-
~M4) Solid masonry bearing walls of business buildings and stor-
ge buildings not more than one story high, may be 8 inches thick;
provided the~ are reinforced at inten:als, not exceeding' 20 feet, by
~g)SS walls, pIers or buttresses.' .. .".."..,,0 "
.. , (5) Outside of the fire limits solid masonry bearing walls, 8
inches thick, may be used for buildings not exceeding 30 feet nor 2
stories in height, the walls of which, under this code, could be of
wood frame construction; provided they do not exceed 50 feet in
length between cross walls, piers, or buttresses.
(6) Solid masonry bearing walls above roof level, 12 feet or less
in height, enclosing penthouses or roof structures may be 8 inches
thick and may be considered as neither increasing the height nor
requiring any increase in the thickness of the wall below, provided
the requirements for allowable stresses are met.
.x. (b). Thickness of Non-bearing Exterior walls. The thickness
of non-bearing exterior walls, except fire walls and party walls,
shall be not less than 8 inches for the uppermost 15 feet, and shall
increase 4 inches in thickness for. each successive 35 feet or fraction
thereof measured downward from the top of the wall.
.
(c). Lateral Support. Solid masonry walls shal be supported
at right angles to the wall face at intervals not exceeding 20 times
the nominal wall thickness if laid in Type A, B, or C mortar, and not
exceeding 12 times the nominal wall thickness if laid in Type D
mortar. Such lateral support shall conform to subsection 10 of
this section.
24
(c). Outside the congested areas of the municipality, when a
hazardous condition is not created thereby, the area of a public
building, a business building or a storage building, not over two
stories high, may be increased in excess of the areas fixed by this
section, in the discretion of the governing body of the municipality;
provided that a building of combustible occupancy, or involving con-
siderable cOinbustible iliaterial in its structural parts, shall be
sprinklered, and also curtain boards or draft stops shall be installed
as required by the building official.
12
.
,~
I
u,
.
(b). Outside the fire limits the area of one-story buildings of
heavy timber construction, ordinary construction and wood frame
construction may be increased 33 % per cent above the areas other-
wise fixed in this section, when all wood structural members, in-
cluding columns, wall and partition studs and sheathing, and floor
and roof construction, are of approved fire retardant treated lumber
as defined in section 7.
(c). Bond.
(1) In ashlar masonry, bond stones uniformly distributed shall
be provided to the extent of not less than 10 per cent of the area
and having not less than 4 inches of bond into the backing masonry.
(2) Rubble stone masonry 24 inches or less in thickness shall
have bond stones with a maximum spacing of 3 feet vertically and
horizontally, and if the masonry is of greater thickness than 24
inches shall have one bond stone for each 6 square feet of wall surface
on both sides and no header stone shall be less than 12 inches long
measured at right angles to the face of the masonry.
(d). Natural Beds. All stones showing pronounced cleavage
shaH be iaid on their natural bed, except for cornices and otht:r pru-
jecting members which shall have the grain or bedding planes verti-
cal and at right angles to the face of the masonry.
25
(a). The limiting areas fixed in this section may be increased
by 100 per cent when the building is sprinklered, and by 200 per
cent when the building is sprinklered and does not exceed one story
nor an average of 25 feet in height to the roof, or to a fire retardant
ceiling through which there shall be no openings except openings
into shafts or ducts, the enclosing walls of which are of construc~ion
equivalent to the ceiling.
(2) Rubble stone walls shall be 4 inches thicker than is re-
quired for solid masonry walls in subsection 3 of this section, but
shall not be less than 16 inches thick, and shall not exceed 40 feet
in height.
(b). Lateral support. Stone walls shall conform to
quirements for lateral support of other solid masonry walls
section 3 of this section.
the re-
in sub-
4.
(a). Thickness.
(1) The minimum
not less than that
of this section
thickness of walls of stone ashlar shall be
required for solid m.asonry walls in subsection 3
.
4.
3. Alteration. No building shall
to exceed in area in any story the limits
Area modification.
be hereafter altered
fixed in this section
.
so as
2. Street. Under this section a street shall be deemed to in-
clude any avenue, boulevard, street, alley or lane, 20 feet or greater
in width, or any court, parking space or yard, with direct connection
to a street, and not less than 20 feet wide. Such court, parking space
or yard shall be the property of the owner of the building- and shall
not be enclosed or roofed over.
(e). For unprotected metal construction the area of one-story
buildings is not restricted; buildings exceeding one story shall not
e.."{ceed the area limits specified for noncombustible construction.
(c). For ordinary construction, and for noncombustible con-
struction, the area of one-story buildings shall not exceed 6,000
square feet if fronting on one street, 7,500 square feet if fronting
on 2 streets, 9,000 square feet if fronting on 3 streets and 10,500
square feet if fronting on 4 streets; provided that outside the fire
limits the area of one-story buildings of noncombustible construc-
tion shall not be restricted. The permitted areas for buildings ex-
ceeding one story shall not exceed 5,000, 6,000, 7,500, and 9,000
square feet, when fronting on one, 2, 3 and 4 streets, respectively.
(d). For wood frame construction the area of buildings shall
not exceed 5,000 square feet.
(e). Other Requirements.
(1) Under-burned clay bricks shall not be used in any part of
a building or structure where exposed to the weather, nor in isolated
piers, nor in such part of a bearing wall above which the wall extends
more than 40 feet.
(2) Clay or shale brick laid in Type A or Type B mortar shall
be wet immediately before being laid, except that very hard or
vitrified brick need not be wetted.
(3) Horizontal and vertical joints in brick masonry shall be
filled with mortar.
(4) Except in dwellings interior bearing walls that are less than
12 inches in thickness and support wooden floor or roof joists, shall
be corbeled not less than 3 inches to receive such joists, unless ap-
proved metal joist hangers are used.
Stone Walls.
.
.
square feet if fronting on I streets,
fronting on three or more streets.
nor
10,000
square
feet
if
e
e
(d). Bond. The facing and ~ing of solid masonry bearing
walls shall be bonded so that not less than 4 per cent of the wall sur-
face is composed of full length headers. The distance between adja-
cent full length headers shall not exceed 24 inches either vertically
or horizontally. In solid brick walls more than 12 inches thick the
inner joints of header courses shall be covered with another header
course which shall break joints with the course below. The facing
and backing of solid masonry non-bearing walls shall be bonded as
required above for bearing walls or shall be bonded with corrosion-
resistant metal ties spaced not farther apart than 16 inches vertically
and 24 inches horizontally.
construction Sh.~ot
e
e
exceed one story nor 35
5. Residence buildings. For residence buildings, heavy timber
construction shall not exceed 75 feet; ordinary construction and non-
combustible construction shall not exceed 3 stories nor 45 feet;
provided that when the floors immediately over basements are of
noncombustible construction having a fire resistance rating of not
less than 2 hours, ordinary construction may exceed these heights
but shall not exceed 4 stories nor 55 feet; and when in addition; in
multifamily houses which are subdivided by fire partitions into floor
areas not exceeding 3,500 square feet, all other floors have a fire re-
sistance rating of not less than one hour, ordinary construction may
be, but shall 'not exceed, 5 stories nor 65 feet. Wood frame con-
struction and unprotected metal construction shall not exceed 2
stories nor 35 feet; except that dwellings other than prefabricated
dwellings shall not exceed 3 stories.
6. Business buildings. For business buildings semifireproof
construction and heavy tiinber' construction shal1 not exceed 75
feet except that for office build.ings semifireproof construction shall
be unlimited; ordinary construction and noncombustible construc-
tion shall not exceed 4 stories nor 50 feet; and wood frame construc-
tion and unprotected metal construction shall not exceed 2 stories
nor 35 feet.
7. Storage buil,dings. For storage buildings semifireproof
construction shall not exceed 50 feet; ordinary construction, heavy
timber construction and noncombustible construction shall not ex-
ceed 35 feet; provided that in buildings which are sprinklered, semi-
fireproof and heavy timber construction shall not exceed 75 feet
and ordinary construction and noncombustible construction shall
not exceed 50 feet; and wood frame construction and unprotected
metal construction shall not exceed one story nor 35 feet.
.
.
5.
(a). Thickness and height.
(1) The minimum thickness of walls of hollow masonry units
shall be not less than that required for solid masonry walls in sub-
section 3 of this section.
(2) Walls of hollow masonry units shall not exceed 50 feet in
height. .
(b). Lateral support. Walls of hollow masonry units shall
be supported at right angles to the wall face at intervals not ex-
ceeding 18 times the nominal wal1 thickness. Such lateral support
shal1 conform to subsection 10 of this section.
(c). Bond.
(1) Hollow masQnry units shall have full mortar coverage of
the face shells in both the horizontal and vertical joints.
(2) Where two or more hollow units are used to make up the
thickness of a wal1, the inner and outer courses shall be bonded
at vertical intervals, not exceeding 3 feet, by lapping at least 4 inches
over the unit below or by lapping with units at least 50 per cent
greater in thickness than the unit below at vertical intervals not
exceeding 17 inches.
(3) Brick facing or lining (wl{ich does not include veneering)
when used in hollow block walls shall be bonded to the backing
in accordance with paragraph (~) of subsection 3 of this section.
(4) Where walls of hollow masonry units are decreased in
thickness, a course of solid masonry shall be interposed between
the wall below and the thinner wal1 above, or the hollow units in
the top course of the thicker wall shall be filled solidly with mortar
or masonry.
(d). Bearing: In walls and piers of hollow masonry units,
suitable provision shall be made for proper bearing at the ends of
all beams and at points of load concentration.
Walls of hollow mas. units.
unprotected metal
feet.
.' ,
I '
\
.
8. Exceptions.
(a). For the purpose of this section, the following appurte-
nances shall not be deemed parts of buildings: Church spires, tanks
and their supports, roof structures, chimneys, signs attached to
the building, radio masts, water cooling towers for air condition-
ing or other apparatus, and parapets that do not extend more than 4
feet above the roof surface at their point of contact.
(b). Outside the fire limits, public buildings, business build-
ings, or storage buildings may, in the discretion of the governing
body of the municipality, be erected to greater heights than fixed by
this section.
AREA RESTRICTIONS.
1. New buildings. Except as otherwise provided in subsec-
tion 4 of this section, the building area permitted without suitab,le
subdivisions by fire walls shall be limited as follows:
(a). For fireproof construction and semifireproof construction,
unlimited.
13.
SECTION
~
1
~,I
~
(b). For heavy timber construction, the area of buildings shall
exceed 6,5~ square feet if fronting on one street, nor 8,000
11
not
.
.
6.
(a). Height and thickness.
(1) Cavity walls and hollow walls shall not exceed 35 feet in
height. Cavity walls, exclusive of the cavity, and hollow walls
shall be not less in thickness than required for solid masonry walls
in subsection 3 of this section.
(2) In cavity walls, neither the facing nor backing shall be less
than 3% inches in nominal thickness and the cavity shall be not less
than 2 inches nor more than 3 inches in width.
(b). Lateral support. Cavity walls shall be supported at right
angles to the wall face at intervals not exceeding 14 times, and hol-
low walls at intervals not exceeding 18 times the nominal wall
thickness. Such lateral support shal1 conform to subsection 10 of
this section.
B
(c). ond.
(1) In hollow walls the parts of same shall be connected by
bonds of brick, stone or the material of the wall, placed not more
than 24 inches apart in either direction; but the parts shall not be
deemed to act together in the support of loads unless such bonds
are of a size and design to fully develop the strength of either part.
26
Cavity walls and hollow walls.
10
4. Institutional buildine:s. For institutional building-s semi-
fireproof construction shall not exceed 75 feet; ordinary construc-
tion, heavy timber construction and noncombustible construction
shaH not exceed 2 stories nor 35 feet; wood frame construction and
.
.
3. Public buildings. For public buildings semi fireproof con-
struction shall not exceed 75 feet, except that public buildings which
have an occupancy of less than 100 persons above the 75-foot level
may be unlimited in height; heavy timber construction, 4 stories
nor 5S feet; ordinary construction and non-combustible construction
3 stories nor 35 feet, except that churches of such construction may
be 45 feet but not more than 2 stories, and that schools of such
construction shall be not more than 2 stories high; and wood frame
construction and unprotected metal construction shall not exceed
2 stories nor 35 feet.
I~
2. Alterations. No building shall hereafter be altered so as
to exceed the limits of height fixed by this section '
1. New buildings. Except as may be otherwise provided in
subsection 8 of this section, no building hereafter erected shall
exceed in height the limits fixed in this section.
(b). Allowable stresses. vVhere bonded to the backing as pre-
scribed below, the full cross section of both the facing and the back-
ing may be considered in computing the stresses.
(c). Thickness. Faced walls shall be not less in thickness than
is required for masonry walls of either of the types forming the
facing and the backing. . Where bonded to the backing as prescribed
below, the facing may be considered a part of the wall thicknesso.
(d). Bond.
(1) Brick facing shall be bonded to the backing as prescribed
for solid masonry walls in subsection 3 (d) of this section.
(2) Ashlar facing of either natural or cast stone shall have at
least 20 per cent of the superficial area extending- not less than 4
inches into the backing to form bond stones, which shall be uni-
formly distributed throughout the wall.
(3) vVhen walls of hollow masonry units are faced with hollow
units, the facing units shall be bonded to the backing as required
for waiis oi hoHow masonry units in subsection 5 (c) oi this section.
8. Attachment of stone facing. Every projecting stone, and,
except when alternate courses are full bond courses, every stone not
27
SECTION
12.
HEIGHT RESTRICTIONS.
7. Faced walls.
(a). Material. Materials used for facing shall be not less than
2% inches thick, and in no case less in thickness than .1B the height
of the unit.
7. Partitions in multifamily houses. In multifamily houses
partitions separating apartments or apartments from hallways or
apartments from other occupancies and partitions separating stores
from hallways or other occupancies shall have a fire resistance rating
of not less than one hour, with openings equipped with approved
fire doors or with substantial metal or metal covered doors or solid
wooden doors of the flush type of nominal thickness not less than
l:J4-inch. .
.
.
4. Wall and ceiling finish: In public buildings and institu-
tional buildings, and in all places of assembly and exit ways there-
from, no combustible material shall be used as interior wall or ceil-
ing finish which is of such a nature that flame will spread over its
surface more rapidly than over one-inch (nominal) wood boards
covered with ordinary paint or varnish.
5. Business and residence separation. In buildings of other
than fireproof or semifireproof construction portions classified as of
business occupancy shall be separated from portions classified as of
residence occupancy by partitions having a fire resistance rating of
not less than one hour and by fire re'tardant ceilings, unless the
business portion is sprinklered. .
6. Separation of dwellings. Walls or partitions separating 2
or more dwellings of other than fireproof or semifireproof construc-
tion shall consist of a form of construction having a fire resistance
rating of not less than 1 hour.
3. Schools, colleges, assembly halls, dance halls, bowling alleys,
and auditoriums, over one story in height, shall have floors of not
less than one-hour fire resistance.
.
.
e
rated from such other occupancies by walls and floors of non-
combustible construction having fire resistance ratings of not less
than 3 hours.
e
e
(d). Bearing.
(1) In hollow walls or cavity walls suitable provision shall be
made at each line of floor beams and wherever load concentrations
occur, to insure proper bearing.
(2) When cavity walls or hollow walls, in which the cells of
hollow units are laid vertical, are decreased in thickness, the units
in the top course of the thicker wall shall be filled solidly with
mortar or masonry or the exposed openings in such top course shall
be covered with slabs of hard burned tile or concrete at least one
inch in thickness or the openings may be stopped in some other
approved manner.
(e). Drainage. In cavity walls the cavity shall be kept clear
of mortar droppings during construction. Approved flas~ing shall
be installed and adequate drainage provided to keep dampness away
from the backing. -
(2) In cavity walls the facingtd backing shall be securely
tied together with suitable bonding ties of adequate strength. A
3/16-inch diameter steel rod or metal tie of equivalent stiffness
coated with a noncorroding metal or other approved protective coat-
ing shall be used for each 3 square feet of wall surface. Where hol-
low masonry units are laid with the cells vertical, rectangular ties
shall be used; in other walls the ends of ties shall be bent to 90
degree angles to provide hooks not less than 2 inches long. Ties
shall be embedded in horizontal joints of facing and backing. Addi-
tional bonding ties shall be provided at all openings, spaced not
more than 3 feet apart around the perimeter and within 12 inches
of the opening. Cavity walls of plain concrete shall be reinforced
as provided for solid walls of plain concrete in subsection 9 of this
section.
than
nor more
height
111
e
'.
e
.
a bond stone shall be secure~nchored to the backing with corro-
sion resistant metal anchors with a cross section of not less than 0.2
square inch. There shall be at least 1 anchor to each stone and not
less than 2 anchors for each stone more than 2 feet in length and 3
square feet in superficial area. Facing stones not over 12 square feet
in area shall have at least 1 anchor to each 4 square feet of super-
ficial face area.
(h). Piazzas or balconies on dwellings, not exceeding 10 feet
in width nor extending more than 3 feet above the second story
floor beams; provided that no such structure shall be located nearer
than 3 feet to an adjoining lot line or be joined to a similar struc-
ture of another building.
(i). Coal tipples, ice houses, material bins, trestles and water
tanks, when built of planking and timbers of the dimensions specified
for heavy timber construction.
(j). Fences not exceeding 10 feet '.
(k). Display signs as provided i]
9. Solid walls of plain concrete.
. (a). Thickness. The minimum thickness of walls of plain con-
crete may be 2 inches less than that required for solid masonry walls,
but not less than 8 inches, except that 6-inch walls may be used
where specifically permitted by subsection 3 (a) (3) of this section.
(b). Lateral support. Solid walls of plain concrete shall be
supported at right angles to the wall face at intervals not exceeding
20 times the nominal wall thickness. Such lateral support shall
conform to subsection 10 of this section.
..1 height.
section
(c). Reinforcement around openings. Reinforcement sym-
metrically disposed in the thickness of the wall shall be placed not
less than 1 inch above and 2 inches below openings and extend not
less than 24 inches each side of such openings or be of equivalent
length with hooks. The reinforcement both above and below shall
consist of one %-inch round rod for each 6 inches in wall thickness
or fraction thereof.
section
(1). Roofs over parking lots, of unprotected metal construc-
tion, where roof is at least 10 feet above the floor, and every 40 feet
there is an open ventilation area 6 feet wide extending either the full
length or the full width of the roof.
and
12-8(a)
44.
.
.
REQUIRE-
OCCUPANCY
SPECIAL
11
SECTION
MENTS.
10. Lateral support. The lateral support required by subsec-
tions 3, 4, 5, 6 and 9 of this section shall be either vertical or hori-
zontal. It may be obtained by cross walls, piers, or buttresses, when
the limiting distance is measured horizontally, or by floors and roofs
when the limiting distance is measured vertically. Sufficient bond-
ing or anchorage shall be provided between the walls and the sup-
ports to resist the assumed wind force, acting either inward or out-
ward. Piers or buttresses relied upon for lateral support shall have
sufficient strength and stability to transfer the wind force, acting in
either direction to the ground. When walls are dependent upon
floors or roofs for their lateral support, provision shall be made in
the building to transfer the lateral forces to the ground.
2.
(a). Theatres and motion picture theatres shall be of fireproof
construction or semi fireproof construction, except that portions of
such buildings not over 1 story or over 45 feet in height may have
combustible roof construction if protected by fire retardant ceilings.
(b). No theatre or motion picture theatre shall be located with-
in or attached to a building of other occupancy unless it is sepa-
9
Theatres and motion picture theatres.
.
f
,
t
II
1
1
SECTION 25. REINFORCED CONCRETE.
(a). Average concrete for reinforced concrete shall consist of
1 part portland cement and not more than 6 parts aggregate, by
volume measured dry, and not more than 70 gallons of water per
sack, 94 pounds, of cement. The aggregate shall be mixed in an
approximate ratio of 20 parts fine aggregate and 30 parts coarse
aggregate. '
(b). The National Building Code, 1949 Edition, Recommended
by the National Board of Fire Undenvriters, shall be deemed to be
the generally accepted good practice in reinforced concrete con-
struction
.
111
AND PARTY WALLS.
laid
e
(d). Outhouses not more than 8 feet
100 square feet in area.
(e). Greenhouses not more than 15 feet in height erected on
the same lot with and accessory to a dwelling or a store.
(f). Sheds open on the long side, not more than 15 feet in
height nor more than. 500 square feet in area, located at least 5 feet
from buildings and from adjoining lot lines.
(g). Builders' shanties for use only in connection with a duly
authorized building operation and located on the same lot with
such building operation, on a lot immediately adjoining, on an
upper floor of the building under construction, or on a sidewalk
shed.
1. Institutional buildings.
(a). Institutional buildings for occupants involuntarily de-
tained or bedridden shall be of fireproof construction or semi-
fireproof construction.
. (b). Institutional buildings for occupants which are not invol-
untarily detained or bedridden, when of other than fireproof construc-
tion or semi fireproof construction, shall not exceed 2 stories in
height and shall have floors and partitions with fire resistance ratings
of not less than one hour and with fire retardant ceilings under
roofs, and if of wood frame construction shall not exceed 1 story in
height nor 2500 square feet in area; provided that buildings con-
verted from another occupancy to such occupancy shall be exempt
from these restrictions if sprinklered.
be
shall
masonry
of
FIRE WALLS
walls
28
SECTION 26.
1. Construction.
(a). Fire walls and party
Type A or Type B mortar.
(c). A building of wood frame construction or of unprotected
metal construction occupied exclusively as a private garage or
stable, not more th~n one story in height nor more than 750 square
feet in area, located on the same lot with a dwelling; provided that
such building shall be placed at least 3 feet from the lot lines of
adjoining property.
8
.
.
7. Size and protection of openings..
(a). Except in sprinklered buildings, no opening in a fire wall
shall exceed 120 square feet in area with no dimension greater than
29
6. To be carried to or above the roof. Fire walls and party
walls shall extend at least 3 feet above the roof; except where the
roof is of fireproof or semifireproof construction in which case the
fire walls and party walls shall be carried up tightly against the
underside of the roof slabs.
.1
(b). Gasoline service stations, parking lot offices, real estate
offices or similar business structures, of unprotected metal construc-
tion, not exceeding 2,500 square feet in area, nor more than one
story in height, and located at least 10 feet from lot lines. If erected
less than 10 feet from the adjoining lot line, the walls facing such
lot lines shall have a fire resistance of not less than one hour.
'.
5. Exception to thickness requirements for panel walls.
Where fire walls or party walls are constructed as panel walls in
a framework of columns and girders protected as required for fire-
proof construction and no panel has a height between supports
greater than 12 feet, they may be of solid masonry not less than 12
inches thick or of reinforced concrete not less than 8 inches thick.
5. Exceptions. Nothing in this section shall prohibit within
tbe fire limits and subject to the specified limitations, the erection
of new buildings or structures, nor the extension or enlargement
of heretofore erected buildings or structures, of wood frame con-
struction or unprotected metal construction, as follows:
(a). Frame dwellings not exce~ding two stories in height and
separated by at least 5 feet from lot line of adjoining property.
4. Doubtfullocation. A building or structure shall be deemed
to be within the fire limits if one-third or more of the area of such
building or structure is located therein
.
.
4. Thickness of reinforced concrete walls except panel walls.
(a). For business buildings and storage building-s, fire walls
and party walls of reinforced concrete shall be not less than 11
inches thick for the uppermost 35 feet and increase 2 inches in thick-
ness for each successive 35 feet or fraction thereof measured down-
ward from the top of the wall.
(b). For other 'buildings, fire walls and party walls of rein-
forced concrete shall be not less than 9 inches thick for the upper-
most 35 feet and increase 2 inches in thickness for each successive 35
feet or fraction thereof measured downward from the top of the
wall.
3. Moving buildings.
tion or unprotected metal
from without to within the
No building of wood frame construc-
construction shall hereafter be moved
fire limits or within the fire limits.
(d). Nothing in this section shall prohibit other alterations
within the fire limits; provided there is no change of occupancy
to a class of occupancy otherwise prohibited.
3. Thickness of brick-faced hollow masonry walls. Fire walls
and party walls of hollow masonry units faced on each side with
at least 4 inches of brick shall have a total thickness including the
facing not less than 4 inches greater than specified in subsection 2
above for solid masonry walls.
(c). Within the fire
be hereafter extended on any
unprotected metal con_struction
imits no other building or structure shall
side by wood frame construction or
(b). \i\Tithin the fire limits no building or structure of wood
frame construction or of unprotected metal construction shall be
hereafter extended on any side; unless the construction of such
extension conforms to the requirements of this code for new con-
struction ; and provided that the total area of the building including
extension shall not exceed the allowable area for wood frame
construction.
2. Alterations.
(a). Within the fire limits no building or structure of wood
frame construction or of unprotected metal construction shall be
hereafter increased in height.
2. Thickness of solid masonry walls except panel walls.
(a). For business buildings and storage buildings, fire walls
and party walls of solid masonry units shall be not less than 16
inches thick for the uppermost 50 feet and increase 4 inches in thick-
ness for each additional 35 feet or fraction thereof measured down-
ward from the top of the wall; except that where the walls are
non-bearing, or where beams or girders are supported on the wall
by approved metal hangers and do not enter the wall the minimum
thickness may be 16 inches for the uppermost 70 feet.
(b). For other buildings, fire walls and party walls of solid
masonry units shall be not less than 12 inches thick for the upper-
most 35 feet and increase 4 inches in thickness for each additional
35 feet or fraction thereof measured downward from the top of
the wall.
t
1. General restrictions. Except as otherwise provided in sub-
section 5 of this section, no building or structure of wood frame con-
struction or of unprotected metal construction shall be erected
within the limits established by law as the Fire Limits.
.
.
(c). \i\There structural members project into hollow masonry
units the hollow space shall be filled with noncombustible material
the full thickness of the wall and 4 inches or more above, between
and below such members.
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SECTION 10. RESTRICTIONS
WITHIN THE FIRE LIMITS.
ON CONSTRUCTION
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(b). Fire walls and party walls shall
masonry units, or of hollow masonry units
brick, or of reinforced concrete.
be constructed of solid
faced on each side with
2. Mixed Occupancy. Where a minor portion of a building
is used for office, study, s.tudio or other similar purpose, the build-
ing shall be classified as to occupancy on the basis of the major use.
In other cases where a building is occupied for two or more pur-
poses not included in one class, the provisions of this code applying
to each class of occupancy shall apply to such parts of the building
as come within that class; and if there should be conflicting provi-
sions, the requirements securing the greater safety shall apply.
. 3. Doubtful classification. In case a building is not specifi-
cally provided for, or where there is any uncertainty as to its classi-
fication, its status shall be fixeq by a duly promulgated rule giving
due regard to safety.
(c). Residence building, except :when classed as an institu-
tional building, means a building in which sleeping accommodations
are provided; includin'g among others, apartments, club houses, con-
vents, dormitories, dwellings, hotels, lodging houses, multifamily
houses, studios and tenements.
(d). Business building means a building occupied for the trans-
action of business, for the rendering' of professional services, for
the display or sale of goods, wares or merchandise, or for the per-
formance of work or labor; including among others, bakeries, banks,
barber shops, chemical lab-oratories, creameries, electric substa-
tions, factories, gasoline service stations, ice plants, laboratories,
laundries, markets, office buildings, open air stores, power plants,
radio stations, smoke houses, stores, telephone exchanges, tele-
vision stations and work shops. .
(e). Storage building means a building for the housing, except
for purely display purposes, of airplanes, automobiles, railway cars
or other vehicles of transportation, for the sheltering of horses, live
stock or other animals, or exclusively for the storage of goods, wares
or merchandise, not excluding in any case offices incidental to such
uses; including among others, barns, cold storage, freight depots,
garages, gasoline bulk stations, grain elevators, hangars and storage
warehouses. .
CLASSIFICATION OF CONSTRUCTION.
1. Types designated. For the purposes of this code,
struction as used in buildings shall be classified as follows:
(b). .' Institutional building me! a building in which persons
are harbored to receive medical, charitable or other care or treat-
ment, or in which persons are held or detained by reason of public
or civic duty, or for correctional purposes; including among others,
asylums, homes for the aged, hospitals, houses of correction, in-
firmaries, jails, nurseries, orphanages, penal institutions, reforma-
tories and sanitariums. .
con-
Fireproof Construction.
Semi fireproof Construction
Heavy Timber Construction.
Ordinary.construction.
Noncom bustible Construction
Wood Frame Construction.
Unprotected Metal Construction.
7
9.
SECTION
(a).
(b).
(c).
(d).
(e).
(f).
(g).
.
.
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SECTION 28. FIRE PARTITIONS.
1. Construction.
(a). Fire partitions shall have fire resistance ratings of at least
two hours. They shall be constructed of masonry or reinforced .
concrete, or other approved form of construction of noncombustible
materials. Fire partitions used for load bearing shall conform to
30
.
.
e
(a). Except as listed below, parapets shall be provided on all
fire \valls, party walls, and exterior walls of masonry or reinforced
concrete. Parapet~ are not required on:
(1) Walls connecting with roofs of fireproof construction or
semifireproof construction;
(2) A wall of a building the roof of which is at least three feet
lower than the ro~f of, or any opening in, an adjacent build-
ing wall ;
(3) 'Walls facing on a street having a width of 30 feet or more;
(4) 'Walls of a building which is 30 feet or more distant in all
directions from property lines and from other buildings on
the same property;
(5) Walls of a building which is 30 feet or more distant in all
directions from property lines but less than 30 feet distant
to one or more buildings on the same property, where the
total area of the buildings within 30 feet of each other does
not exceed 10 times the allowable area for anyone of the
buildings considered;
(6) Walls of a detached dwelling, or of a building not exceeding
1,000 square feet in area;
(7) Walls of a building where the roof has an angle of more
than 200 with the horizontal.
(b). In dwellings and in buildings in which 8-inch walls are
permitted, such parapets shall be not less than 8 inches thick and
carried at least two feet above the roof.
(c). In all other buildings such parapets shall be not less than
12 inches thick, and carried not less than 3 feet above the roof.
(d). Parapets shall be properly coped with noncombustible,
weatherproof material and flashed with the flashing extending
through the parapet wall under the coping. All corners of all para-
pet walls shall be reinforced with at least one 34-inch round bar in
every third joint, continuous around the corner and extending into
the .masonry at least 3 feet from the corner.
12 feet, and the aggregate !h of all openings at any level shall
not exceed 25 per cent of the length of the wall.
(b). Every opening in a required fire wall shall be protected
on each side of the wall with an approved automatic or self-closing
fire door; provided that when a fire wall serves also as a horizontal
exit it shall have no openings other than door openings not exceed-
ing 48 square feet in area, and one of the fire doors at each opening
shall be a self-closing fire door.
PARAPETS.
27
SECTION
SECTION 8. ClfASSIFICATION OF OCCUPANCIES.
1. Classes designated. For the purposes of this code, build-
ings are classified, with respect to occupancy and use, as public
buildings, institutional buildings, residence buildings, business
buildings and storage buildings.
(a)~ Public building means a building in which persons con-
gregate for civic, political, educational, religious, social or recrea-
tional purposes; including among others, armories, assembly halls,
auditoriums, bath houses, bowling alleys, churches, city halls, club
rooms, colleges, court houses, dance halls, exhibition buildings,
grandstands, gymnasiums, lecture haiis, iibrarit:~, lodge i'ooms,
motion picture theaters, museums, passenger stations, recreation
piers, restaurants, schools, skating rinks, stadiums and theaters.
6
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.
(a). Every series of openings above one another in two or
more successive floors, or floors and roof, hereafter placed or con-
structed in a building or hereafter eniarged or aitered lu l:hange
the use of the shaft, shall be so protected as to prevent fire in any
31
SECTION 30. SHAFTS.
1. Protection required.
veneered wall means a wall having a facing which is
tached and bonded to the backing so as to form an integral
the wall for purposes of load bearing and stability.
not at-
part of
non-bearing wall
than its own weight;
panel wall means a non-bearing wall
piers and wholly supported at each story
wall
party wall means
tween two buildings
a
used 0"1: adapted
built
for
between columns or
joint service be-
Every building, except dwellings, churches, buildings of wood
frame construction and of unprotected metal construction, and open
air parking garages shall have approved fire windows or other ap-
proved protectives, in every opening in the exterior walls when such
opening faces on a street and is less than 30 feet from the opposite
building line, or when such opening is less than 30 feet distant in a
direct unobstructed line from an opening in another building, or
when such opening is above and not more than 30 feet distant from
any part of a neighboring roof of combustible construction, or any
roof having openings within this distance; provided that such pro-
tection shall not be required for show windows facing on a street
which do not extend above the first full story above grade; and pro-
vided further that such protection shall not be required when the
opening to be protected and the opening against which it is to be
protected are situated in walls in the same plane or in parallel planes
and are facing in the same direction.
means
a
wall
which
supports
no
load other
.
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SECTION
INGS.
hollow wall of mas(mry means a wall built of masonry units
so arranged as to provide an air space wtihin the wall, and in which
the inner and outer parts of the wall are bonded together with
masonry units;
29.
PROTECTION OF EXTERIOR OPEN-
foundation wall means a wall below the first floor extending
below the adjacent ground level and serving as support for a wall,
pier, column or other structural part of a building;
2. Openings.
(a). Required fire partitions shall have no openings other than
required door openings, or properly protected duct openings.
(b). Each opening in a required fire partition shall be equipped
with an approved fire door set in an approved door frame.
Each opening in a fire partition serving as a horizontal
be protected by an approved self-closing fire door.
(c).
exit shall
fire wall means a wall constructed in accordance with section
26, for the purpose of subdividing a building or separating buildings
to restrict the spread of fire and which starts at the foundation and
extends continuously through all stories to and above the roof,
except where the roof is fireproof or semi fireproof and the wall
is carried up tightly against the under side of the roof slab.
II
fire partition means a partition constructed in accordance with
section 28, for the purpose of restricting the spread of fire or to
provide an area of refuge, but not necessarily continuous through
all stories nor extended through the roof.
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Walls
bearing wall means a wall which supports any vertical load
in addition to its own weight;
cavity wall means a wall built of masonry units or of plain .
concrete, or a combination of these materials, so arranged as to pro-
vide an air space within the wall, and in which the inner and outer
parts of the wall are tied together with metal ties;
faced wall means a wall in which the masonry facing and back-
ing are so bonded as to exert common action under load
.
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the requirements for bearing walls in sections 24 and 25, in addition
to meeting the requirements of this section.
(b). Fire partitions shall be supported in each story on con-
struction having a fire resistance rating of not less than 2 hours;
provided that when they also are load bearing, the supporting con-
struction shall have a fire resistance rating of 'not less than 4 hours
in case the building is of fireproof construction or semifireproof
construction, and not less than 3 hours in case of other construction.
(c). The maximum unsupported height of a fire partition shall
not exceed 18 times its total thickness unless su~tably reinforced
and anchored at floor and ceiling or unless substantially secured to
vertical supports at intervals of not over 18 times the thickness.
(d). Fire partitions shall be deemed continuous, even though
the several parts ;,tre not directly over one another in successive
stories if the intervening parts of the floors at the levels where off-
sets occur, are unpierced and of fireproof construction or semifire-
proof construction and all parts not supported directly on the
foundations are carried on fireproof construction.
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shall be deemed a story when used for purposes other than storage
or heating.
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Height, as applied to a wall, means the vertical distance to the
top measured from the foundation wall, or from a girder or other
immediate support of such wall. '
Hollow masonry unit means a masonry unit whose net cross-
sectional area in any plane parallel to the bearing surface is less
than 75 per cent of its gross cross-sectional area measured in the
same plane.
.
.
Lot means a portion or parcel of land considered as a unit,
devoted to a certain use or occupied by a building or a group
of buildings that are united by a common interest or use, and the
customary accessories and open spaces belonging to the same.
lot from another, or from
a
Masonry means brick, stone, plain concrete, hollow block, solid
block or other similar building units or materials, or combinations
of them, bonded together with mortar. Reinforced concrete is not
classed as masonry.
Multifamily house means a building occupied as the home or
residence of individuals, families or households living independently
of each other, of which three or more are doing cooking within
their apartments; including tenement house, apartment house, flat.
unit which has
adopted
Place of assembly means a room or space in which provision
is made for the seating of one hundred or more persons for religious,
recreational, educational, political, social or amusement purposes or
for the consumption of food or drink. Such room or space shall
include any occupied connecting room or space in the same story,
or in a story or stories above or below, where entrance is common
to the rooms or spaces.
fabricated
Prefabricated means composed of sections or panels
prior to erection on the building foundation
more
Solid masonry means masonry consisting of solid masonry units
laid contiguously with the joints between the units filled with mor-
tar, or consisting of plain concrete.
a masonry unit whose net cross-
parallel to the bearing surface is 75
cross-sectional area measured in the
Solid masonry unit means
sectional area in every plane
per cent or more of its gross
same plane
Sprinkle red means equipped with an approved automatic sprink-
ler system properly maintained.
Street means any public thoroughfare, street, avenue, boulevard,
park, lane" terrace, concourse or space 20 feet or more in width which
has been dedicated or deeded to the public for public use.
S
Lot line nleans a line dividing one
street or other public space.
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story from communicating to any other story; provided t.hat in
buildings of heavy timber construction there shall be no floor open-
ing that is not protected as prescribed in this section or in some
other approved manner.
(b). The provisions of this section shall apply to all shafts
used for ventilation, light, elevator, pipes, or other purpose, except
stairways, air ducts, incinerator chutes, flues, shafts in buildings of
wood frame construction, shafts in dwellings, and ramps in garages
exempted by section 37-6.
2. Shaft enclosures. The enclosing walls of shafts in residence
buildings of ordinary construction or noncombustible construction
or unprotected metal construction shall have a fire resistance rating
of not less than 1 hour. The enclosing walls of shafts in other
buildings shall be of noncombustible construction having a fire re-
sistance rating of not less than 2 hours.
3. Openings. Shaft enclosures shall" have no openings other
than those necessary for the purpose of the shaft; provided that in
elevator shafts there shall be at least one door in every 30 feet of
the height of such shaft. Such openings shall be protecteQ with
approved fire doors, approved fire shutters or approved fire windows.
Municipality means the governmental
this code under due legislative authority
.
two or
Shaft means a vertical opening or passage through
floors of a building or through floors and roof.
.
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4. Enclosure at top.
(a). Shaft enclosures extending through the roof which are to
be enclosed at the top, shall be provided with a skylight of at least
10 per cent of the area of the shaft in the top story and glazed with
plain glass ~-inch in thickness; provided that the skylight may be
replaced by a window of plain glass of equivalent area in the side
of the shaft if the sill of such window is not less than 2 feet above
the roof and the window does not face a lot line within 10 feet, or
may be replaced by approved means of ventilation.
(b). A shaft that does not extend through the roof shall have
the top enclosed with a form of construction having a fire resistance
rating equal to that of the walls of the shaft.
5. Enclosure at bottom. A shaft that does not extend to the
bottom of the building shall be enclosed at its lowest point with a
floor construction of the same type as that required for the lowest
floor to or through which it passes, but such shaft floor construction
shall have a fire resistance rating of not less than one hour.
6. Elevator machinery compartment. Compartments contain-
ing machinery for operating elevators shall be separated from the
elevator shafts by noncombustible construction having a fire re-
sistance rating of not less than 2 hours, with door openings equipped
with approved fire doors
elevators
more than 3
Not
7. N umber of elevators in shaft.
shall be placed hereafter in one shaft.
ROOFING.
31
SECTION
~
.
(a). Every roof hereafter placed on a building shall be cov-
ered with an approved roofing of brick, concrete, tile, slate, metal,
asbestos, prepared asphalt asbestos-felt shingles, or of built-up
roofing finished with asphalt, slag or gravel, or other approved
material.
32
Building means a comb!ion of materials to form a construc-
tion that is safe and stable, and adapted to permanent or continuous
occupancy for public, institutional, residence, business or storage
purposes; the term "building" shall be construed as if followed by
the words "or part thereof." For the purposes of this code, each
portion of a building separated from other portions by a fire wall
shall be considered as a separate building.
Building official means the officer or other designated authority
charged with the administration and enforcement of this code, or
his duly authorized representative.
Fire resistance rating means the time in hours that the material
or construction will withstand the standard fire exposure as deter-
mined by a fire test made in conformity with the "Standard Methods
of Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials," ASTM
E119-47.
Dwelling means a building occupied exclusively for residence
purposes and having not more than two apartments, or as a board-
ing or rooming house serving not more than 15 persons with meals
or sleeping accommodations or both.
Fire retardant ceil~ng means a ceiling construction which has
been proved by test as satisfactory for use as ceiling protection
for a floor or roof construction which has a fire resistance rating of
not less than one hour.
Fire retardant treated lumber means lumber which has been
treated by a pressure impregnation process to give a flame spread
classification of 50 or less according to the method for the "Fire
Hazard Classification of Building Materials" of Underwriters' Lab-
oratories, Inc., and which is shown to be so classified by a certificate
or label issued by Underwriters' Laboratories.
Garage means a building, shed or enclosure, or a part thereof,
in which a motor vehicle containing a flammable fluid in its fuel
storage tank, is stored, housed, kept or repaired.
Grade, with reference to a building, means, when the curb level
has been established, the mean elevation of the curb level opposite
those walls that are located on, or parallel with and within 15
feet of, street lines; or, when the curb level has not been established,
or all the walls of the building are more than 15 feet from street
lines, "grade" means the mean elevation of the ground adjoining the
building 011 all sides.
Habitable room means a room occupied by one or more per-
sons for living, eating or sleeping; and includes kitchens serving
apartments or individual households, but does not include bath-
rooms, toilet compartments, laundries, serving and storage pantries,
corridors, basement and other spaces that are not used frequently
or during extended periods.
Height as applied to a building, means the vertical distance
from grade to the highest finished roof surface in the case of flat
roofs, or to a point at the average height of roofs having a pitch
of more than one foot in 4~ feet; "height" of a building in stories
does not include basements, except that in school buildings of orcli-
nary, noncombustible or wood frame construction. the basement
4
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(b). Except were roo ng IS 0 a c aracter permlttmg attach-
ment direct to frame work, it shall be applied to a solid or closely
fitted deck.
(c). Roofings which are listed as Class A or B roof covering
materials by Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., shall be accepted as
meeting the requirements of this section.
(d). Roofings which are listed as Class C roof covering ma-
terials by Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., shall be accepted as
meeting the requirements of this section on buildings as follows:
(1) Dwellings.
(2) Buildings of wood frame construction.
(3) Buildings located outside the fire limits which do not exceed
2 stories or 30 feet in height, nor 2500 sq. ft in area, and are
not occupied as stores, factories or warehouses.
(4) Buildings which under this code could be of wood
construction.
Appendix re wood shingles.
(e). The use of cork, fiber board or other approved insula-
tion is permitted on top of the roof deck provided such insulation
is covered with an approved type of fire resistive roof covering ap-
plied directly thereto.
(f). No roofing 0,11 an existing roof shall be renewed or re-
paired to a greater extent than one-tenth of the roof surface, except
in conformity with the requirements of this section.
See
(b). Skylights other than as specified above, ,which are in-
clined less than 600 from the horizontal, hereafter placed on a build-
ing shall have the sashes and frames thereof constructed of metal
and glazed with wired glass; except that skylights in foundries or
buildings where acid fumes are present, may be of wood by special
permission of the building official.
(c). Every skylight in which plain glass is used shall be pro-
tected by a substantial wire screen with wire not lighter than num-
ber 12 gauge and having a mesh not less than ~ of an inch nor
larger than 1 inch, placed not less than 4 inches nor more than 10
inches above the glazed portion of the skylight at all points. Such
screen shall extend beyond the glazing on all sides a distance not
less than the height of the screen above the glazing.
(d). When a skylight is located over a stairway, public hall-
way or a place of assembly, a similar screen shall also be placed
below the skylight, unless there is an intermediate ceiling light.
(a). Skylights placed over shafts, vent shafts and stair en-
closures shall be glazed with plain glass ndt more than ~ of an
inch in thickness.
In buildings except dwellings and one-story buildings outside
of the fire limits, the ceilings over basements shall be fire retardant
ceilings unless such basements are sprinklered
33
SECTION
SECTION
32.
33.
SKYLIGHTS.
BASEMENT CEILINGS.
frame
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PENALTY FOR VIOLATIONS.
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CHIMlys, FLUES AND VENTS.
(a). A person who .shall violate a provision of this code or
fail to comply therewith or with any of the requirements thereof,
or who shaH erect, construct, alter or repair, or has erected, con-
structed, altered or repaired a building or structure, in violation of
a detailed statement or plan submitted and approved thereunder,
or of a permit or certificate issued thereunder, shall be guilty of a
misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not less than ten dollars nor
more than one hundred dollars, or by imprisonment not exceeding
six months, or by both such fine and imprisonment.
(b). The owner of a building, structure or premises, where
anything in violation of this code shaH be placed or shall exist, and
an architect, builder, contractor, agent, person or corporation em-
ployed in connection therewith and who may have assisted in the
commission of such violation shall each be guilty of a separate of-
fense and upon conviction thereof shall be fined as therein provided.
(c). The imposition of the penalties herein prescribed shall
not preclude the corporation counsel from instituting an appropriate
action or proceeding to prevent an unlawful erection, construction,
reconstruction, alteration, repair, conversion, maintenance or use,
or to restrain, correct or abate a violation, or to prevent the occu-
pancy of a building, structure or premises, or to prevent an illegal
act, conduct, business or use in or about any premise!;i.
6.
SECTION
.
.
34.
1. Flue connections required. Every heating apparatus or
heat producing appliance requiring a flue connection shall be con-
nected with a flue conforming to the provisions of this section or of
section 35. This shall not include electric appliances; gas appli-
ances, except as specifically required in section 35, nor oil fired
appliances especially designed for use without flue connection.
2. Use of nonconforming flues. Flues not conforming to the
requirements of this section for chimneys, nor with generally ac-
cepted good practice for metal smokestacks, nor with section 35,
vents for gas appliances, shall not be used unless listed by Under-
writeJ;'s' Laboratories, Inc., and installed in full compliance with the
listing and the ~anufacturer's instructions, and such use is approved
by the building official.
Construction.
SECTION
~~
Alteration, as applied to a building or structure, means a change
or rearrangement in the structural parts or in the exit facilities;
or an enlargement, whether by extending on a side or by increasing
in height; or the moving from one location or position to another;
the term "alter" in its various moods and tenses and its participial
forms, refers to the making of an alteration.
DEFINITIONS.
7.
SECTION
3.
(a). Chimneys shall extend at least 3 feet above the
point where they pass through the roof of the building and
2 feet higher than any ridge within 10 feet of such chimney.
(b). No chimney shall be corbeled from a wall more than 6
inches; nor shall a chimney be corbeled from a wall which is less
than 12 inches in thickness unless it projects equally on each side
of the wall; provided that in the second story of 2-story dwellings
corbelling of chimneys on the exterior of the enclosing walls may
equal the wall thickness. In every case the corbeling shall not
exceed one inch projection for each course of brick projected.
(c). No change in the size or shape of a chimney, where the
chimney passes through the roof, shall be made within a distance of
6 inches above or below the roof joists or rafters.
highest
at least
.
.
Amusement device means a mechanically operated device which
used to convey persons.in any direction as a form of amusement.
Apartment means a room, or a suite of two or more rooms, in
a residence building occupied as the home or residence of an indi-
vidual, family or household.
Approved, as applied to a material, device or mode of construc-
tion, means approved by the building official under the provisions
of this code, or by other authority designated by law to give ap-
proval in the matter in question.
Area, as applied to the dimensions of a building, means the
maximum horizontal projected area of the building at grade.
Automatic fire alarm system means a system which automati.
cally detects a fire condition and actuates a fire alarm signal device.
means a 2 feet or more below
le~el
Brick means a solid masonry unit having a shape approximating
a rectangular prism, not larger than 12 by 4 by 4 inches. A brick
may be made of burned clay or shale, of lime and sand, of cement
and suitable aggregates, or of fire clay or other approved materials.
3
IS
story with floor
Basement
finished grade.
.'
:,
r'
.
4. Chimneys for' heating appliances, low
pliances and portable type incinerators.
(a). Chimneys for stoves, cooking ranges, warm air, hot water
and low pressure steam heating furnaces, fireplaces, and low heat
industrial appliances, other than chimneys for incinerators of non-
portable type, shall be constructed of solid masonry units or of
reinforced concrete. The walls shall be properly bonded or tied
with corrosion resistant metal anchors. In dwellings and buildings
of like heating requirements the thickness of the chimney walls
shall be not less than 4 inches. In other buildings the thickness shall
be not less than 8 inches, except that rubble stone masonry shall be
not less than 12 inches thick.
(b). Every such chimney hereafter erected or altered shall be
lined with a flue lining conforming to the requirements below.
(c). Flue li"nings shall be made of fire clay or other refractory
clay which will withstand the action of flue gases and resist without
softening or cracking, the temperatures to which they will be sub-
jected, but not less than 2,0000 Fahrenheit, or of cast iron of ap-
provecl quality, form and construction.
(d). Required clay flue linings shall be not less than ~ of an
inch thick for the smaller flues and increasing in thickness for the
larger flues. .
(e). Flue lining~ shall be installed ahead of the construction
of the chimney as it is carried up, carefully bedded one on the other
34
industrial
heat
ap-
(b). A building or structure declared unsafe by duly consti-
tuted authority set up by the municipality may be restored to safe
condition; provided that if the damage Or cost of reconstruction or
restoration is in excess of 50% of the value of the building or struc-
ture, exclusive of foundations, such building or structure, if recon-
structed or restored, shall be made to conform with respect to ma-
terials and type of construction, to the requirements for buildings
and structures hereafter erected; but no change of use or occupancy
shall be compelled by reason of such reconstruction or restoration.
The term unsafe building shall include buildings structurally un-
safe, unstable or unsanitary; inadequately provided with exit fa-
cilities; constituting a fire hazard; unsuitable or improper for the
use or occupancy to which they are put; constituting a hazard to
heaith or safety because of inadequate maintenance, diiapidation,
obsolescence or abandonment; or otherwise dangerous to life, or
property.
2
o
.'
']
.
35
1. Flue connections required. Every gas appliance shall be
connected to an effective flue extending to the outer air and con-
forming to the provisions of subsection 2 of this section, if it is in-
cluded in any of the following classifications. provided that such
connections shall not be required for industria( appliances of such
size or character that the absence of a connection does not consti-
tute a hazard to the occupants
SECTION
ANCES.
(a). A building or structure that may be or shall be found
upon inspection to have become dangerous or unsafe, shall, unless
made safe and so certified by the building official, be taken down
and removed.
SECTION
The 1949 Edition of the National Building Code recommended
by the National Board of Fire Underwriters shall be deemed to be
the generally accepted good practice for all matters not covered by
this code.
,
SECTION
(c). The live load for which each floor, or part of a floor, of a
business building or storage building is designed and approved shall
be conspicuously posted in that part of the story to which it applies.
5.
UNSAFE BUILDINGS.
.
.'
4.
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS.
(a). No building or structure shall hereafter be built, en-
larged, altered or moved without a permit from the building official,
who may require a plan of the proposed work, together with a state-
ment of the materials to be used.
(b). The building official shall inspect all buildings or struc-
tures during construction to see that the provisions of law are com-
plied with and that construction is prosecuted safely. 'Whenever
in his opinion, by reason of defective or illegal work in violation
of a provision of this code the continuance of a building opera-
tion is contrary to public welfare, he may order all further work
to be stopped and may require suspension of work until the condi-
tion in violation has been remedied.
6. Fireplaces.
(a). The back and sides of fireplaces hereafter erected shall
be of solid masonry or reinforced concrete, not less than 8 inches
in thickness. A lining of fire brick at least 2 inches thick or other
approved material shall be provided unless the thickness is 12 inches.
(b). Fireplaces shall have hearths of brick, stone, tile or other
approved noncombustible material supported on a fireproof slab or
on brick trimmer arches. Such hearths shall extend at least 20
inches outside of the chimney breast and not less than 12 inches
beyond each side of the fireplace opening along the chimney breast.
The combined thickness of hearth and supporting construction
shall be not less than 6 inches at any point.
(c). Wooden forms or centers used in the construction of
that part of the supporting construction which is below the hearth
of the fireplace shall be removed when the supporting construction
of the hearth is completed. '
(d). Spaces between the chimney and joists, beams or girders
and any combustible materials shall be firestopped by filling with
noncombustible material.
(h). When two or more flues are contained in the same chim-
ney, at least every third flue shall be separated by masonry at least
4 inches thick bonded into the masonry .wall of the chimney.
Where flue linings are not so separated, the joints of adjacent flue
linings shall be staggered at least 7 inches.
5. Use of flues. Chimneys or flues installed for the use of gas
appliances but which are not suitable for solid or liquid fuels, shall
be plainly and permanently labeled, "THIS FLUE IS FOR THE
USE OF GAS BURNING APPLIANCES ONLY." The label
shall be attached at a point near where the vent pipe enters the
chimney, or with a type B gas vent used in place of a chimney, at a
point near where the type B gas vent enters a wall, floor or ceiling.
35.
FLUES AND VENTS FOR GAS APPLI-
SECTION 3. PERMITS, INSPECTIONS, AND POSTING
OF LIVE LOADS.
e
(d) Rules promulgated as herein provided
same force and effect as provisions of this code.
(e). Any rule may be amended or repealed by
cedure prescribed for the adoption of new rules.
.
.
the same pro-
shall
n type A, type B or fire clay
smooth on the inside.
(f). Flue linings shall start from a point not less than 8 inches
below the intake, or, in the case of fireplaces, from the throat of
the fireplace. They shall extend, as nearly vertically as possible,
for the entire height of the chimney and be extended 4 inches above
the top or cap of the chimney.
(g). Cleanouts for flues or fireplaces shall be equipped with
cast iron doors and frames arranged to remain tightly closed when
not in use.
have
the
e
e
.
mortar with
close
fitting
joints
left
e
BUILDING CODE
SECTION
No building or structure shall hereafter be constructed, altered,
or removed, nor shall the equipment for the operation of a building,
structure or premises be constructed, installed, altered or removed,
except in conformity with generally accepted good practice and the
provisions of this code.
SCOPE.
1.
e
.
,
'I
"
I,
"
II
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e
.
1. Appointment.
(a). The office of building official is hereby created and the
executive official in charge shall be known as the building official.
(b). The building official shall be appointed as required by law.
His appointment shall continue during good behavior and satisfac-
tory service. He shall not be removed from office except for cause
after full opportunity has been given him to be heard on specific
charges.
(c). During temporary absence
official the appointing authority shall
official.
BUILDING OFFICIAL.
2.
SECTION
-
(a). Domestic appliances with input rating in excess of 50,000
Btu per hour, except domestic gas ranges.
(b). Automatically controlled appliances with input rating in
excess of 5,000 Btu per hour, except automatic instantaneous water
heaters of the single faucet type, where the single faucet is attached
to and made a part of the appliance.
(c). Automatically controlled appliances with input rating less
than 5,000 Btu per hour, unless equipped with an automatic device
to prevent the escape of unburned gas at the main burner or burners.
The term "automatically controlled appliances" used in para-
graphs (b) and (c) refers to appliances to which the gas supply is
automatically turned on and off in accordance with the demand for
heat, but does not include appliances equipped with devices or con-
trols governing the supply of gas to the main burner or burners
which cannot automatically reduce the gas supply below 30 per cent
of the input rating.
(d). Appliances installed in the same room, which if not vented
would make the total input rating of unvented gas appliances, not
including domestic gas ranges, as great as 30 Btu per hour per
cubic foot of room content.
of the building
acting building
or disability
designate an
any
(e). Water heaters installed in bath
occupied room normally kept closed.
(f). Space heaters in sleeping quarters for use of transients
(g). All house, heating steam and hot water boilers and warm
air furnaces including floor furnaces.
or
rooms,
bed
rooms,
2. Duties. It shall be the duty of the building official to en-
force all laws relating to the construction, alteration, removal, and
demolition of buildings and structures.
3. Rules.
(a). The building official shall promulgate rules as prescribed
in this code and consistent therewith, it being the intent of this
requirement that the standards of federal or state bureaus, national
technical organizations or fire ,underwriters, as the same may be
amended from time to time, shall serve as a guide in fixing the
minimum rules of practice under this code.
(b). For the purpose of securing for the public the benefits
of new developments in the building industry and yet insuring
public safety, the building official shall make or cause to be made
investigations, or may accept duly authenticated reports from rec-
ognized sources, of new materials or modes of construction, in-
tended for use in the construction of buildings or' structures in the
municipality which are not provided for in this code, and shall
promulgate rules setting forth the conditions under which such ma-
terials or modes of construction may be used.
(c). No rule of the building official shall become effective
until four weeks after notice of intention to enforce it shall have
been giyen through the publication in a newspaper in general circu-
lation in the municipality and until a public hearing on the same
shall have been held; provided that said public hearing shall not
be necessary unless a request shall have been made for such hear-
ing during the said period of publication. Such rule shall be drawn
in its proposed form and open to public inspection at the time the
notice to enforce is published.
1
.
.
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V
:1
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.
2. Types of flues. ,
(a). Type A flues: Chimneys or metal smokestacks.' Type A
flu~s are required for: (1) all incinerators; (2) all appliances which
may be converted readily to the use of solid or liquid Htel; (3) all
boilers and furnaces, other than attic furnaces, except where specific
approval is obtained from the building official for the use of type B
gas vents; (4) all other appliances except approved appliances which
produce flue gas temperatures not in excess of 5500 F. at the outlet
of the draft hood when burning gas at the manufacturer's input
rating.
(b). Type B gas vents: Approved vent piping of noncombusti-
ble, corrosion-resistant material of adequate .strength and heat insu-
lating value, and having bell and spigot or other acceptable joints.
Type B gas vents shall be used only with approved gas appliances
which are not required by paragraph (a) above to be vented to type
A flues, except that they may be used when extended through an
existing non-used chimney, whether the chimney is lined or not
lined.
Type C gas vents: Vent pipes of sheet copper of not less
U. S. gauge or of galvanized iron of not less than 20 U. S.
gauge or of other approved corrosion-resistant material, may be
used for runs directly from the space in which the appliance is
located through a roof or exterior wall to the outer air. Such vent
pipes shall not pass through any attic or concealed space nor through
any floor. This shall not be construed as prohibiting the use of
such vent pipes to vent attic furnaces installed in accordance with
the provisions of this code. Installation with reference to clearance
36
(c)
than 24
.~..
~ .
. .
.
1
.; .
(c). Clearances from combustible material to gas appliance
vent piping other than approved type B gas vents shall be in ac-
cordance with standard practice for safe installation and use as
required by section 36.
5. Flue mortar. All flue mortar for flues or vent pipes from
gas-burning appliances shall be acid resisting.
6. Draft hoods. Every flue connected appliance except an
incinerator, unless its construction serves the same purpose, shall be
equipped with an effective draft hood which either (1) has been
approved as part of the appliance or (2) complies with nationally
recognized standards for draft hoods. The draft hood shall be at-
tached to the flue collar of the appliance or as near to the appliance
as conditions permit and in a position for which it is designed with
reference to horizontal and vertical planes. The draft hood shall
be so located that the relief opening is not obstructed by any part
of the appliance or adjacent construction.
37
4. Installation of gas vents other than type B.
(a). Gas appliance vent piping other than approved type B
gas vents shall not pass through any attic or concealed space
nor through any combustible floor, and shall not pass through any
combustible roof except as specified in subsection 2(c). Where
passing through combustible roofs in accordance with subsection
2(c) they shall be guarded at the point of passage as specified for
passage through combustible walls or partitions in paragraph (b)
below. Vent piping may extend through any existing chimney
whether the chimney is lined or not.
(b). Gas appliance vent piping other than approved type B
gas vents shall not pass through ,combustible walls or partitions
unless they are guarded at the point of passage (1) by metal venti-
lated thimbles not less than 6 inches larger in diameter than the
pipe, or (2) by metal thimbles not less than 4 inches larger in
diameter than the pipe with the annular space filled with mineral
wool or other approved noncombustible insulating material; or in
lieu of such protection all combustible material in the wall or par-
tition shall be cut away from the vent pipe a sufficient distance to
provide the clearance required from such vent pipe to combustible
material-any material used to close up such opening shall be non-
combustible.
(d). Type B gas vents shall
fuel burning appliances.
.
.
not
3. Installation of type B gas vents.
(a). Type B gas vents shall be made up with tight joints.
(b). Type B gas vents shall be installed with a clearance to
combustible material or construction whether plastered or unplas-
tered, of not less than one inch, provided that for vents of floor
furnaces such clearance shall be not less than 3 inches for a distance
of not less than 3 feet from the outlet of the draft hood, measured
along the center line of the vent piping.
(c). Suitable provision shall be made to prevent mechanical
injury to type B gas vents where they extend through walls, floors
or roofs.
be used with solid or
liquid
e
e
e
-
from combustible material and passage through wall or roof shall
comply with the provisions of subsection 4 of this section.
PAGE
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28
30
30
31
:h
32
'33
33
34
35
38
38
40
40
40
40
41
41
42
43
44
SECTION
1. Scop,
2. Building Official
3. Permits, Inspections, and Posting of Live Load:
4. Supplementary Requirements ...................:............
5. Unsafe Buildings ...00...................................................
6. Penalty for Violations ........................00..................
7. Definitions ..........................................................00........
8. Classification of Occupancies ..................................
9. Classification of Construction ................................
10. Restrictions on Construction Within the Fire Limit:
II. Special Occupancy Requirements ................................,
12. Height Restrictions ........................................................,
13. Area Restrictions ........00.........00.......................................,
14. Light and Ventilation ..............................00....................,
15. Means of Egress .............................................00...............,
16. Fireproof, semi fireproof and heavy timber construction
17. Ordinary Construction ........................................................
18. Noncombustible Construction ..............................................
I Wood Frame Construction ....~...........................................
, Unprotected Metal Construction ......................................
, Workmanship and Materials ..............................................
; Design Loads, Stresses and Wind ,Pressure ..................
Foundations ...............0000.................00............................00..........
Masonry .......................00...............................................00..........
Reinforced Concrete 00................00..........................................
Fire Walls and Party Walls ..............................................
Parape~s ..00................................................00..............................
Fire Partitions ...........................:............................................
Protection of Exterior Openings ......................................
Shafts ...........,...............................................,..............0.............
Roofing .....................................................00...............................
Skylights ..................................................................................
Basement Ceilings ..................................................................
Chimneys, Flues and Vents ................................................
Flues and Vents for Gas Applian<:es ................................
Heat Producing Appliances, Heating, Ventilating, Air
Conditioning, Blower and Exhaust Systems ..........
Garages ................00000000.............:..............................................
Disposal of Waste During Construction Operations ..
Elevators, Moving Stairways and Amusement Devices
Gas Piping ............0000....00......'
Plumbing .............00.................,
Electrical Installations ........
Sprinkler Equipments ........
Signs and Outdoor Display
pendix- Wood Shingles
blications of the National
CONTEls
.
.
,9,
~O,
~t
!2.
:.!3.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
.
I
i
)
!
j
I
J
,.(
I
'~
e
.
-
7. Interconnection of vents. No vent pipe from a gas appli-
ance shan be inter-connected with any other vent pipe, smoke pipe,
or flue, unless such gas appliance is equipped with an automatic
device to prevent the escape of unburned gas at the main burner or
burners. Where a gas appliance vent pipe is joined with a smoke
pipe from an appliance burning some other type of fuel, for connec-
tion into a single flue opening, they shall be joined by a Y fitting
located as close as practicable to the chimney. With liquefied
petroleum gases the automatic device to prevent the escape of un-
burned gas shall shut off the pilot light as well as the main burner
or burners.
SECTION 36. HEAT PRODUCING APPLIANCES, HEAT-
ING, VENTILATING, AIR CONDITIONING, BLOWER' AND
EXHAUST SYSTEMS.
'.'
1. Installation Standards. Heat producing appliances and
systems Oncluding incinerators) hereafter installed shall be in!!talled
in accordance with standard practices for safe installation and use
without danger of overheating combustible' material or construc-
tion. Ventilating, air conditioning, blower and exhaust systems
hereafter installed shall be installed in accordance with standard
practices for safe installation and use with all features presenting
a possibility of starting or spreading a fire safeguarded to a reason-
able degree. Except as' otherwise provided in rules duly promul-
gated by the building official, installation of such appliances and
systems in accordance with the "Building .code Standards of the
National Board of Fire Underwriters for the Installation of Heat
Producing Appliances, Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning,
Blower and Exhaust Systems" shall be deemed to be the standard
practice for safe installation and use.
2. Boiler and Furnace Rooms.
(a). Heating boiler and furnace rooms in public buildings, in-
stitutional buildings, places of assembly, hotels, and multifamily
houses shall be separated from other parts of the building by con-
struction having a fire resistance rating of not less than one hour.
(b). Boiler rooms housing one or more steam boilers carrying
more than 15 pounds pressure with a rating of more than 10 boiler
horsepower, in other than factori.es, shall be separated from the
rest of the 'building by noncombustible construction having a fire, re-
sistance rating of not less than 2 hours, with door openings pro-
tected by approved fire doors.
GARAGES.
1. Garages combined with other occupancies. No garage shall
be attached to or form a part of a building of other occupancy except
as provided in this section.
37.
SECTION
Underwriters
Structures
Fire
Board of
IX
.
:-'.
:1
l)
.
2. Garages not exceeding 600 square feet in area.
(a). A garage not exceeding 600 square feet in area may be
attached to or form a part of a residence building or a business
building if separated from other occupancies by walls, partitions and
ceilings of materials to restrict the passage of gases, smoke and
odor from the garage to other parts of the building.
38
VIII
'.'
il
.
39
8.
(a). In garages exceeding 600 square feet in area, direct fired
heating appliances, other than unit heaters located at least 8 feet
above the floor, shaU be located in a room used for no other purpose
and cut off from the garage by noncombustible construction having
a fire resistance rating of not iess than 3 hours. Opening::; hi the
above mentioned cut-offs shall be restricted to those necessary for
heating, pipes and ducts.
".
.
'.
Heating.
(b). Walls, floors and ceilings which effect such separation
shall be continuous and unpierced by openings of any kind; pro-
vided that door openings equipped with self-closing fire doors lead-
ing to salesrooms or offices that are operated in connection with
such garages shall not be prohibited; and provided also that the
use of elevators and stairways to other stories accessible only by
vestibules or balconies, constructed and arranged as required for
fire towers, shall be permitted.
5. Truck loading or unloading area. A truck loading or un-
loading area within a building occupied as a store shall be sepa-
rated from other parts of the building by construction having a fire
resistance rating of not less than one hour, and any load bearing
part of the building within the loading area shall also have a fire
resistance rating of not less than one hour.
6. Ramps. Ramps connecting floors of garages, which are not
considered as required exit ways under section 15, need not be en-
closed in sprinklered garages, nor in open air parking garages.
7. Floors. Garage floors of other than earth construction
which drain to sewers or storm drains shall be provided with an
oil separator or trap. Where floor areas are extensive, a series of
such drains shall be provided. The contents of oil separators or
traps shall be collected at frequent intervals and removed from the
premises. Floors in repair sections shall be concrete or other ma-
terials that may be readily cleaned.
following respects
(1) Section '..__..00___' paragraphs " ....-----... and ."___no,
amended as follows:
Note.-Amendments deemed necessary should be inserted.
\. ..... ... . .
Section 8. Date of Effect. .
This ordinance shall take effect sixty days after its approval as required
by.1aw.
. N ote.-Only in unusual circumstances should a building code,
which affects so many interests, and these so extensively, be made to
take effect immediately upon enactment. A fair a\lowance would seem
to be sixty days. This should give ample time to complete the develop-
ment of plans, the preparation of which was begun before the adoption
of the code, and on which considerable money had already been
expended.
'I
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4. square feet in area.
(a) A garage exceeding 3,000 square feet in area may be lo-
cated within or attached to a building occupied for any other pur-
pose provided it i~ separated from such other occupancy by masonry
walls having a fire resistance rating of not less than 3 hours and
by floors and ceilings of fireproof construction or semifireproof
construction.
.
.
Garages exceeding 3,000
3. Garages not exceeding 3,000 square feet in area. A garage
not exceeding 3,000 square feet in area may be attached to or form
a part of any building provided separation from other occupancies
shall be by walls and floor and ceiling constructions of at least one-
hour fire resistance, and with all connecting openings provided with
self-closing fire doors. Floors shall be without pits or depressions.
Section Amendments
The said code is amended and
7.
e.
Made in Said Code.
changed
in
the
are
e
e
(b). Openings from the bUilg into garage shall be re-
stricted to a single doorway; such opening shall be provided with a
metal, metal covered or solid wooden door of not less than 1~ inches
nominal thickness equipped with an approved self-closing device.
(c) Floors shall be without pits or depressions.
"9-~~
(),
.
e
(b). Where gasoline d'nsing equipment is located within a
travel distance of 25 feet from the entrance to the heater room, the
floor of the heater room shall not be below grade level.
AN ORDINANCE PROVIDING FOR FIRE LIMITS, AND REGU-
LATIONS GOVERNING THE CONSTRUCTION, ALTERATION,
EQUIPMENT, OR REMOVAL OF BUILDINGS OR STRUCTURES.
Be it ordained by the..otJ'4ot:!~o,"o{P-4u70o~ (jU.JL
Section 1. Adoption of Building Code. /J,/.)' ...tJ
There is hereby adopted by theo.o.cd.;~..(,,~oI~):-. ~ ~ &. P~I
for the purpose of establishing rules and -;;Uulations for the construc~, I
alteration, removal, demolition, equipment, use and occupancy, location and
maintenance of buildings and structures, including permits and penalties,
that certain building code known as the National Building Code, Abbreviated
Edition, recommended by the National Board of Fire Underwriters of New
York, being particularly the 1949 edition thereof and the whole thereof, saye
and except such portions as are hereinafter deleted, modified or amended, of
which not less than three (3) cop.!fs h~ been and now are filed in the office
of the Clerk of the(2.I"omo~_;r:lLu_or::t?~mm..and the same are hereby
adopted and incorpo;;tl'd af! fully as if set out at length herein, and from
the date on which this ordinance shall take effect, the provisions thereof
shall be controlling in the construction of all buildinr;'l~~ other .s~c~s
therein contained within the corporate li~~! r~e;,,~~~;;.-!!j-o:fl[~:cf::.4:
in said code,
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Section 2. Definitions.
(a) WhereV(:A\WOrd "Muni~lit( is
held to mean the m1o~"cr~
(b) Wherever the term "Corporation Counsel" is used. ir;.?ai;..,ode,
. it shall be held to mean the Attorney for the~~u'rm.cU.m~~
., I Section 3. Fire Limits Estab~:~ . ~ n
The fire limits of theoo_~" omm~m--~.~~_..mmu.mo....om..m
hereby established as fol)ows: tJ ./l~ f) A
'Beginning atoo.o...{Q2...u...mm@~!~:4L.....f.L,Zl,,&~)..o.om...
oo-omom..mo-ooomomo....mm_..oommo.mo.ooo.o...oom.....mom..omto the point of beginning.
Note.-The fire limits should include all closely built mercantile
and adjoining manufacturing districts and surrounding blocks on all
sides which constitute an exposure to the district or within which new
construction of a mercantile or manufacturing character is developing.
SECTION 38. DISPOSAL OF WASTE DURING CON- .
STRUCTION OPERATIONS.
Waste material and rubbish shall not be stored nor allowed to
accumulate within the building or in the immediate vicinity, but
shall be removed from the premises as rapidly as p'racticable. Com-
bustible waste and rubbish shall be removed at least daily. No
material shan be disposed of by burning on the premises or in the
immediate vicinity. Dry material or rubbisn shall be wetted down,
if necessary, to lay dust or prevent being blown about.
SECTION 39. ELEVATORS, MOVING ST AIRW A YS
AND AMUSEMENT DEVICES.
(a). Elevators, moving stairways and amusement devices,
hereafter erected, or installed, or hereafter altered shall be con-
structed, installed and maintained in accordance with rules duly
promulgated by the building official, or, in the absence of such
rules, with "The American Standard Safety Code for Elevators,
Dumbwaiters and Escalators" approved by the American Standards
Association.
be
shal
it
used
are
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(b). It shall be unlawful for the owner to operate or permit
the operation or use of a passenger elevator, freight elevator, mov-
ing stairway or amusement device, hereafter installed or con-
structed, until a certificate shall have been obtained from the
building official.
(c). The building official shall make or calise to be made an
inspection of every passenger elevator at least once in every
three months, and of every freight elevator, moving stairway and
every amusement device at least once in every six months.
GAS PIPING.
40.
SECTION
Section 4. Saving Clause.
Nothing in this ordinance or in the code hereby adopted shall be con-
strued to affect any suit or proceeding now pending in any court, or any
rights acquired, or liability incurred, nor any cause or causes of action accrued
or existing, under any act or ordinance repealed hereby. Nor shall any
right or remedy of any character be ,lost, impaired or affected by this ordi-
nance.
Piping for any and all types of gas used for lighting or fuel
purposes in buildings and structures shall be installed to conform
with generally accepted good practice. The "Recommended Good
Practice Requirements for the Installation, Maintenance and Use
of Piping and Fittings for City Gas" and "Gas Systems for Welding
and Cutting" and "Liquefied Petroleum Gases" of the National
Board of Fire Underwriters shall be deemed to be the generally
accepted good practices.
Section 5. Validity.
The invalidity of any section or provision of this ordinance or of the
code hereby adopted shall not invalidate other sections or provisions thereof.
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PL UMBING.
SECTION 41
Section 6. Inconsistent Ordinances Repealed
Ordinances or parts thereof ,in force at the time that this ordinance
take effect and inconsistent herewith, are hereby repealed.
Note.-It might be wen, as is sometimes done, to specify definitely
the ordinances or parts of ordinances which are intended to be repealed.
VII
.shal
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1. General. Except as may be otherwise provided by law or
ordinance, or rules duly promulgated by the building official, the
plumbing and drainage system of a building or structure shall be
instaUed in conformity with the "Recommended Minimum Re-
quirements fqr Plumbing," of the Bureau of Standards, United
States Department of Commerce.
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SECTION 43. SPRINKLER EQUIPMENTS.
1. Sprinklers required. In buildings hereafter erected, or al-
tered to increase the area or height, approved' automatic sprinkler
equipments shall be installed and maintained as specified in the
following paragraphs. The areas specified shall be the area en-
closed by exterior walls or fire walls or a combination thereof, except
that in buildings of fireproof construction or semifireproof construc-
tion the area shall be that enclosed by exterior walls, fire walls or
firt: pal titi0i15 or a cOinbination thereof.
(a). Buildings over 2 stories in height used
facture, sale or storage of combustible goods or
for the manu-
merchandise (not
SECTION 42. ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS.
All electrical wiring, apparatus, or appliances for furnishing
light, heat, or power shall be in strict conformity with approved
methods and practices for safety to life and property. Compliance
with the National Electrical Code, as published by the National
Board of Fire Underwriters, shall be prima facie evidence of such
approved methods and practices.
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5. Toilet rooms.
(a). "Vater closets and urinals shall be placed in rooms or com-
partments which are devoted exclusively to toilet facilities.
(b). In every water closet or urinal compartment hereafter
constructed or installed, except in dwellings and multifamily houses,
the entire floor and the side walls to a height of not less than 6
inches shall be made waterproof with asphalt, cement, tile, marble,
slate or other approved material impervious to water.
(c). The partitions enclosing toilet rooms shall be solid, except
for the entrance door, and shall extend from the floor to the ceiling.
Partitions separating water closets or urinals within a toilet room
shall not extend to the ceiling but shall be so constructed as to per-
mit circulation of air throughout the toilet room.
4. Separate toilets. In buildings where more than one water
closet is required, except in dwellings and multifamily houses, sepa-
rate water closets and toilet rooms shall be provided for the sexes.
3. Toilet facilities.
(a). Except as otherwise prescribed by law or ordinance, in
every existing building not already supplied and in every building
hereafter erected, where there is continuous human occupancy or
employment, there shall be a sufficient number of suitable and con-
venient water closets, properly connected with the drainage system.
(b). In dwellings and multifamily houses there shall be at least
one separate water closet within each apartment.
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2. Water Supply.
(a). Every building in which people live, work or congregate
shall be provided with ample water supply installed and maintained
in a satisfactory working condition.
In every multifamily house there shall be in each apart-
least one kitchen sink with running water and waste con-
The space underneath such sink shall be accessible.
(b).
ment at
nection.
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PREFACE
" Many cities have passed ordinances adopting the Recommended
Building Code of the National Board of Fire Underwriters by title.
This power to adopt by title is sometimes given through a general
enabling act of the legislature, in other cases by specific enactment
applying only to one city, and in other cases it is assumed by the
city to be its right.
The form in which ordinances, by an enabling act or otherwise,
are introduced into local legislative bodies is generally prescribed
. either by a general state statute or by the municipality's charter.
~ The language to be used in the enacting clause is usually included in
/
such statute or charter.
It is the policy of the National Board of Fire Underwriters ~o
provide any city adopting the National Building Code-Abbreviated
Edition-with 50 copies without cost, and as many other copies of
the Code as may be desired at a nominal price per copy, which is less
I than cost of publication.
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including garages) and exclng in area 10,000 square feet
of fireproof construction or semifireproof construction.
(b). Buildings over 2 stories in height used for the manu-
facture, sale or storage of combustible goods or merchandise (not in-
cluding garages) and exceeding in area 7,500 square feet when of
types of construction other than fireproof construction and semi-
fireproof construction.
(c). Buildings exceeding 2 stories in height ,Or in excess of
2,000 square feet in area on any floor above the first or ground floor,
hereafter erected or altered, so that suitable access, as defined below,
to each story above the basement is not provided on at least one
side of the building. Suitable access shall be deemed as requiring
a usable opening through the wall at each story at least 32 inches
wide, 48 inches high and with the sill not more than 32 inches above
the floor; the openings shall be so spaced that there will be one
opening for each 50 feet of frontage.
(d). Garages exceeding 6 stories in height.
(e). Garages for storage of loaded commercial trucks, exceed-
ing 2,000 square feet in area and of other than fireproof construction.
(f). Bus garages exceeding 2 stories in height.
(g). Basement garages housing more than 3 motor vehicles.
(h). Garages located in buildings in which one or mO,re stories
or parts thereof above such garages are occupied for other purposes
when such garages have a capacity of 20 or more passenger auto-
mobiles, or are used as bus terminals for 3 or more buses, or are used
for the storage a,nd loading of 2 or more trucks.
(i) Basements having an area exceeding 3500 square feet.
when used for the manufacture, sale or storage of combustible
goods or merchandise, except that'in public buildings, institutional
buildings and residence buildings, the automatic sprinkler equip-
ments will be required only in such portions as are used for storage
purposes or as work shops.
(j). In buildings occupied as a place of assembly and having
a stage arranged for theatrical, operatic or similar purposes, ap-
proved automatic sprinkler equipments shall be provided under the
roof of the stage, under the gridiron, the rigging loft and fly and tie
galleries, under the stage, in dressing rooms, scene docks, workshops
and storage rooms.
(k). When adequate heat is. not provided and in the opinion
of the building official the hazard is not severe, such sprinkler
system may be replaced by a system having approved automatic
sprinklers, but with supply only, from a fire department connection
on the building front, or with an approved protective device with
fire department con1',lection on the building front, by which water
can be applied to or directed at the fire by suitable control equip-
ment from outside the building; there being in each case an approved
automatic fire alarm system connected to an outside gong or to
the central station of a supervising company.
SIGNS AND OUTDOOR
when
.1
DISPLA Y
SECTION 44.
STRUCTURES.
display sign shall
from or supported
(a). No
to, suspended
hereafter be erected, or attached
on a building or structure until a
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Wood Shingles.
Where it is desired to permit wooden shingles
areas of the municipality, Section 31 may be amended
for a restricted use of shingles of good grade as follows
Outside the fire limits, dwellings, private garages and barns,
separated by at least twelve feet from other buildings may be roofed
with approved vertical grain or edgegrain wooden shingles. The
combined thickness of each five shingles measured at the butts
shall be not less than two inches. The exposure of such wooden
shingles to the weather shall not exceed, on roofs greater than one-
third pitch,' five inches for sixteen-inch shingles, five and one-half
inches for eighteen-inch shingles, and seven and one-half inches for
twenty-four-inch shingles; nor, on roofs with less than one-third
pitch but not less than one-quarter pitch, four inches for sixteen-
inch shingles, four and one-half inches for eighteen-inch shingles,
and six and one-half inches for twenty-four-inch shingles. Such
shingles shall be firmly nailed to the roof deck with noncorrodible
and rust-resistive nails according to accepted good practice. Unless
otherwise specified by ordinance or duly promulgated rules, the .com-
mercial Standard for Wood Shingles, CS 31-38 of the U. S. Depart-
ment of Commerce, shall be accepted as means of establishing the
grade of shingles.
in certain
to provide
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APPENDIX
. (b) The owner or persons in control of a display sign sus-
pended over a street or extending into a street more than 15 inches
beyond the building line shall execute a bond in a sum to be fixed
by the official having control over streets, with sureties approved by
such official, indemnifying the municipality against all loss, cost,
damage or expense incurred or sustained by or recovered against
the municipality by reason of the construction or maintenance of
such display sign.
(c). The provisions of this section, except as to safety, shall
not apply to a sign not more than 10 square feet in area, announcing,
without display or elaboration, only the name of the proprietor and
the nature of his business; nor to a wall sign not exceeding one
square foot of display surface, on a residence building stating merely
the name and profession of an occupant; nor to a sign, not exceed-
ing 10 square feet of display surface, on a public building giving
the name and nature of the occupancy and information as to the
conditions of use or admission; nor to a wall sign not exceeding
20 square feet of display surface, nor a ground sign, advertising
in either case the sale or rental of the premises upon which it is
maintained; nor to street signs erected by the municipality; nor to
temporary signs or banners legally authorized.
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permit for the same has been issued by the building official. No
permit for a display sign shall be issued until the required bond
has been filed.
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Foreword
THIS Building Code has been drafted for adoption by communities
which feel that their needs can be cared for by a briefer cod~ than
the National Building Code. It is suggested that the code be enacted
its previous legislation, if any, being annulled by its
entirety,
The requirements as set forth in this code are an abbreviation
of modern requirements respecting best practice in building con-
struction, for the fuller details of which, the National Building
recommended by the National Board of Fire Underwriters
should be consulted
in
adoption
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PUBLICATIONS
OF THE
Board of Fire Underwriters
National
Fire and
for
Gas
FIRE EXTINGUISHING APPLIANCES.
First Aid Fire Appliances-1948.
Foam Extinguishing Systems-1946.
Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguishing Systems,
Explosion Prevention-1946.
Sprinkler Equipments-1947.
Standpipe and Hose Systems-1938.
Water Spray Nozzles and Extinguishing Systems-1947.
Inert
and
10.
11.
12.
1.
13.
14.
15.
-1931
FIRE EXTINGUISHING AUXILIARIES.
20. Centrifugal Fire Pumps-1948.
22. Tanks, Gravity and Pressure, Towers, etc.-1941.
23. Fire Department Hose Connections-1939. '
24. Outside Protection (Private Water Piping Systems)
25. Hose Houses for Mill Yards-1940.
26. Valves Controlling Water Supplies-1931
27. Private Fire Brigades-1937.
2.
Code
1949 Edition
interpreted as a warrantable minimum
standard by cities reason of their present size or rapid
growth obviously require more comprehensive safeguards for public
safety.
standards of the National Board of Underwriters, listed
on back page, have been prepared after t,horough study by
committees of technical men particularly qualified on the subjects
covered by the standards, and should be consulted and observed to
secure the safety to which the owners and occupants of buildings are
entitled.
This code should not be
which by
.
.
The
the
FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS.
30. Containers for Flammable Liquids-1941
31. Oil Burning Equipments-1947.
32. Dry Cleaning Plants-1944.
~~ Paint Spraying and Spray Booths-l 946.
Dip Tanks-1941.
Internal Combustion Engines, also Coal Gas Producers-1934.
Discharging Flammable Liquids from Tank Cars, and Petroleum Pipe
Lines-1932.
Stove and Range Oil Burners-1932.
Small Heating and Cooking Appliances (Kerosene and Fuel
)MBUSTIBLE SOLIDS.
.N
34.
37.
38.
3.
Oil)-1937.
Nitrocellulose Motion Picture, :E'i1m-1939.
Photographic and X-Ray Nitrocellulose Film-1930.
Pyroxylin Plastic in Factories-1940.
Pyroxylin Plastic in Warehouses and Stores-1940.
Combustible Fibres-1947.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
4.
HAZARI)OUS GASES.
50. Acetylene Equipment-1930.
51. Gas Systems for Welding and Cutting-1947.
53. Gasoline Vapor Gas Machines-1926.
54. City Gas Piping and Fittings-1943.
57. Coloring of Fruits and Vegetables-1938.
58. 'Liquefied Petroleum Gases-1949.
59. Liquefied Petroleum Gas Systems at Gas
5.
NATIONAL BOARD OF FIRE UNDERWRITERS
85 JOHN STREET
NEW YORK 7, N. Y.
Of.
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Utility Plants-1949.
MiIIs-1940.
EXPLOSIVE DUST.
60A. Pulverized Fuel Systems-1945.
61. Starch Factories, Terminal Grain Elevators, Flour and Feed
63. Dust Explosions in Industrial Plants, Prevention of-1938.
64. Dust Ignitions in Country Grain Elevators-1942.
6.
Copies of the Code may be had on application at the offices of the
National Board of Fire Underwriters at 85 John Street, New York 7, N. Y.;
222 West Adams Street, Chicago 6, III" and 1014 Merchants Exchange
Building, San Francisco 4, Calif.
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ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT.
70. National Electrical Code-1947.
71. Central Station Protective Signaling Systems-1940.
72. Proprietary, Auxiliary and Local Signaling Syste!11s-1941
73. Municipal Fire Alarm Systems-1941.
44
7.
THIRD PRINTING
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MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS.
Special Interest Bulletins for Those Interested in Preventing Loss of Life
and Property from Fire.
Hospitals, Fire Prevention and Protection as Applied to-1942.
Hotels, Fire Prevention and Protection as Applied to. ~
Schools, Fire Prevention and Protection as Applied to the Public and
Parochial-1939.
School Buildings, Construction of, and Improvement of Existing Structures-
1937.
Damage to Fireproof Buildings, Illustrations of.
Damage to Reinforced Concrete Structures Attending the Southern California
Earthquake of March 10, 1933-1935.
Flood Problem in Fire Prevention and Protection-1939.
Hurricane Damage, Prevention of-1937.
Hurricane Damage, Suggestions to Building Occupants for Reducing
(A reprint of portions of "Prevention of Hurricane Damage")-1937.
Care and Maintenance of Sprinkler Systems-1940.
Internal Cleaning of Sprinkler Piping-1941.
Safeguarding Waterfront Properties-1942.
National Building Cod~1949.
Building Codes, Their Scope and Aims-1940.
Fire Prevention Ordinance. Suggested-1947.
Safety to Life in Places of Assembly, Ordinance Providing for-1943.
Building Code Standards for the Installation of Heat Producing Appliances,
Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning, Blower and Exhaust Systems.
CONSTRUCTION.
80. Protection of Openings in
81. Fur Storage--1947.
82. Incinerators-1938.
83. Electric Cars and Trolley Buses, including Houses and Yards-1935
Supplement-1940.
84. Merchandise Vaults and Safes-I948.
85. Airplane Hangars-1943; Supplement-1945.
86. Ovens for Japan, Enamel and other Flammable Finishes-1931.
87. Piers and Wharves-1935.
88. Garages-1932; Supplement-1939.
90. Air Conditioning, Warm Air Heating, Air Cooling and Ventilating
Systems-1946; Supplement-1948.
91. Blower and Exhaust Systems for Dust, Stock and Vapor Removal-1947.
92. Waterproofing of Floors and Drainage, and Installation of Scuppers-
1937.
.
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Walls
and
.
Partitions-1939.
--
NATIONAL
BUILDING CODE
ABBREVIATED EDITION
RECOMMENDED BY
THE NATIONAL BOARD
OF
FIRE UNDERWRITERS
AN ORDINANCE PROVIDING FOR
FIRE LIMITS, AND REGULATIONS
GOVERNING THE" CONSTRUC-
TION, ALTERATION, EQUIPMENT,
OR REMOVAL OF BUILDINGS OR
STRUCTURES
1949
NATIONAL BOARD OF FIRE UNDERWRITERS
85 JOHN STREET, NEW YORK 7, N. Y.
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NATIONAL
BUILDING CODE
ABBREVIATED EDITION
. ... n_ .. .... _ ,.._ ~ .,.. . om
1949
RECOMMENDED
By
THE NATIONAL BOARD OF FIRE UNDERWRITERS
NEW YORK
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